里斯本 – 10月17日，抗议者在里斯本搭起数十顶帐篷，要求采取行动遏制葡萄牙的住房和生活成本，呼应了邻国西班牙数周来持续的示威活动。
LISBON – Protesters pitched dozens of tents in Lisbon on Oct 17 demanding action to stem housing and living costs in Portugal, mirroring demonstrations that have gripped neighbouring Spain for weeks.
数百名抗议者在夜间聚集于里斯本广场——该广场位于葡萄牙首都繁华的旅游中心——此前全国范围内的一场游行已聚集了数千人。
Hundreds of protesters rallied at night in Rossio square – located at the bustling, touristic heart of the Portuguese capital – following a march that had rallied thousands of people nationwide.
据法新社记者观察，这些以年轻人为主的参与者誓言要在广场过夜，数百人围坐在主宰广场的佩德罗四世国王雕像周边唱歌。
The mostly young attendees vowed to stay overnight, with hundreds singing songs as they sat around the statue of King Pedro IV that dominates the square, AFP journalists saw.
“纳税的葡萄牙社会阶层，即支撑这个国家运转的阶层，正受到攻击并正在失去其权利，尤其是住房权，”46岁的社会助理埃琳娜·科斯塔说。“因此我们都聚在这里，试图说明我们正在窒息，”她说。
“The Portuguese social class that pays taxes, that which keeps this country going, is under attack and is losing its rights, notably its right to housing,” said Elena Costa, a 46-year-old social assistant. “So we are all here together to try to explain that we are suffocating,” she said.
52岁的工程师安东尼奥·马尔加多批评中右翼政府“对租金进行完全自由化；房东受到越来越多的保护，而需要住房的租户却受到越来越少的保护”。
Engineer Antonio Margado, 52, criticised the centre-right government for “a total liberalisation of rents; owners are protected more and more, while tenants who need a house are those who are protected less and less”.
根据官方数据，葡萄牙的住房价格在2015年至2024年间上涨了124%，大约是欧盟平均涨幅的两倍。
Portuguese housing prices rose by 124% between 2015 and 2024, roughly twice as fast as the EU average, according to official data.
这一影响尤其严重地冲击了年轻人和里斯本，后者集中了葡萄牙超过1100万人口的约四分之一，包括首都的大都市区。
The impact is especially harsh on the young and in Lisbon, which concentrates around one-quarter of Portugal’s more than 11 million inhabitants, including the capital’s greater metropolitan area.
另一名抗议者伊莎贝尔·格雷罗告诉公共广播电台RTP：“作为一名自由职业者，我显然没有能力支付里斯本的高昂租金——而且我是里斯本的女儿。”里斯本10月17日的露营行动放大了起源于北方城市波尔图的住房抗议，在那里已经搭起了数十顶帐篷。“生存问题”在由葡萄牙主要工会CGTP发起的此前里斯本抗议中，示威者要求改善公共服务、养老金和工资，以及应对住房费用飙升的措施。
Another of the protesters, Isabel Guerreiro, told public broadcaster RTP: “As a self-employed professional, I obviously don’t have the means to pay Lisbon’s exorbitant rents – and I’m a daughter of Lisbon.”The Oct 17 camp in Lisbon amplified a housing protest that started in the northern city of Porto, where dozens of tents are set up. ‘Matter of survival’At the earlier protest in Lisbon called by the main CGTP union, demonstrators called for better public services, pensions and wages as well as measures against soaring housing costs.
随着鼓点的轰鸣，他们举着写有“他们的贪婪，我们的痛苦”、“生活成本上升，人民已无法再忍”等标语的牌子。“有很多问题。工资、住房、生活成本：这是生存的问题，”43岁的公务员约兰达·席尔瓦对法新社说。
Marching to the roar of drums, they held placards with slogans including “Their greed, our misery” and “the cost of living increases, the people can’t take it anymore.”“There are many problems. Wages, housing, the cost of living: it’s a matter of survival,” Yolanda Silva, a 43-year-old civil servant, told AFP.
本周早些时候，总理路易斯·蒙特内格罗表示，“我们完全理解人们想要得到答案”，并“表达他们对公共政策中可能存在的遗漏的愤怒”。
Earlier this week, Prime Minister Luis Montenegro said “we fully understand that people want answers” and to “express their outrage at what, in their view, may be omissions in public policies”.
但他警告政治对手不要“把不稳定和抗议的气氛输入葡萄牙——事实上，这些在葡萄牙社会中并没有得到支持”，这可能是在指代曾使法国陷入动荡的暴力抗议。
But he warned political rivals against “importing into Portugal climates of instability and protest that, in fact, have no support in Portuguese society”, in a likely reference to violent protests that have rocked France.
葡萄牙的抗议运动正在扩大，与此同时，西班牙正陷入住房抗议营地和示威活动之中，这些活动已经进入第四周，并最终导致提前大选的宣布，投票日期定于11月29日。
The expanding Portuguese movement comes as Spain is gripped by housing protest camps and demonstrations that are entering their fourth week and have culminated in the calling of an early general election for Nov 29.