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苏珊·柯林斯确实是政治独角兽Susan Collins Really Is a Political Unicorn

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三十年的成功。Thirty years of success.

苏珊·柯林斯与其说是美国参议员,不如说是一只政治独角兽。这位73岁的共和党人正争取在明显倾向蓝色的缅因州连任第六届议员,面对因唐纳德·特朗普总统的支持率骤降而掀起的民主党海啸。她的竞选定位为有影响力的权力掮客,能够与白宫妥协,为缅因州及其拮据的居民削减幕后交易。这违背了当下赞扬局外人、鄙视华盛顿交易并且最近轻视年长在任者的政治潮流。

Susan Collins isn’t so much a US senator as she is a political unicorn. The Republican, 73, is running for a sixth term in the decidedly blue state of Maine amid a growing Democratic tsunami fueled by President Donald Trump’s cratering job approval ratings. She’s campaigning as an influential powerbroker who compromises with the White House and cuts backroom deals for Maine and its strapped citizens. That defies political fads that celebrate outsiders, frown on Washington dealmaking and lately, scorn aging incumbents.

尽管如此,柯林斯仍有望抵御来自民主党人特洛伊·杰克逊的激烈挑战。杰克逊曾是伐木工人,来自倾向共和党的西北部缅因州。这将是另一场不太可能的胜利,而这一次,可能保住共和党在参议院的多数席位。

Collins is nonetheless positioned to fend off a spirited challenge from Democrat Troy Jackson, a one-time logger who hails from GOP-leaning northwestern Maine. It would be yet another unlikely victory that, this time around, could preserve the GOP’s Senate majority.

在中期选举前几天,柯林斯吹嘘她与能源部长克里斯·赖特的私人对话,并将其归功于特朗普政府承诺在冬季来临之际从联邦储备中向新英格兰释放31.5万桶取暖油。“这应当有助于缓解一些短缺,降低已经超出大多数缅因州居民承受能力的价格,”柯林斯在挪威的New Balance制造厂参观后对记者说。

Days before the midterm elections, Collins was touting private conversations with Energy Secretary Chris Wright that she credited for the Trump administration’s commitment to release 315,000 barrels of home heating oil from federal reserves into New England on the cusp of winter. “That should help ease some of the shortages that have driven up prices beyond what most Mainers can afford,” Collins told reporters, after touring the New Balance manufacturing plant here in Norway.

在穿越缅因州西部农村时,这位参议员还在小镇法明顿为新建的县紧急管理中心剪彩,并自夸——她的话,不是我的——为该项目争取了240万美元的联邦纳税人资金;当地官员称这笔钱防止了沉重的房产税上涨。沿路30英里外的鲁姆福德,这座老旧的纺织城镇,柯林斯参观了一家已有百年历史的医院,该院正因她以参议院拨款委员会主席身份拥有的支出权力争取到640万美元的关键融资而准备进行大规模翻修。

During a swing through rural, western Maine, the senator also cut the ribbon on a new county emergency management center in tiny Farmington, bragging — her word, not mine — about $2.4 million in federal taxpayer dollars she funneled to the project; local officials claim the money prevented a burdensome property-tax hike. Thirty miles down the road in Rumford, an old mill town, Collins toured a 100-year-old hospital poised for major renovations, thanks to $6.4 million in crucial financing she secured through spending authority she enjoys as chair of the Senate Appropriations Committee.

“她拯救了这家医院。这是一家很棒的医院,”62岁的退休卡车司机韦恩·肖里在离开医院预约时对我说,当时柯林斯的竞选巴士正好抵达。他和妻子提前投票支持了这位现任参议员,从未考虑过支持杰克逊。根据柯林斯竞选团队提供的数据,过去五年里,柯林斯为松树州争取到了近15亿美元的“国会定向支出”(基本上就是专项拨款)。

“She saved this hospital right here. It’s a great hospital,” Wayne Shorey, a 62-year-old retired truck driver, told me while leaving an appointment at the hospital, just as Collins’ campaign bus was arriving. He and his wife voted early for the incumbent and never once considered supporting Jackson. Collins has obtained nearly $1.5 billion in “congressionally directed spending” (earmarks, basically) for the Pine Tree State over the last five years, per figures provided by the senator’s campaign.

柯林斯以坚持不懈地专注于提供无与伦比的选民服务来克服结构性政治劣势,这一点与参议员乔恩·奥索夫相似。或者说,是这位佐治亚州民主党人像柯林斯;他进入参议院时,她正开始第五个任期。但这两位政治圈内人之间有一个关键区别:奥索夫抨击华盛顿所谓的被操纵的体制,仿佛自己与之毫无关系。柯林斯则拥抱自己在历史上混乱且令人不满的治理过程中所扮演的角色,并以一种敬畏之心对待这一过程。

In her dogged focus on delivering unparalleled constituent services to overcome a structural political disadvantage, Collins resembles Senator Jon Ossoff. Or rather, the Georgia Democrat resembles Collins; he entered the Senate as she began her fifth term. But there is a key difference between the two political insiders: Ossoff rails against the so-called rigged system in Washington, as though he has nothing to do with it. Collins embraces her role in the historically messy and unsatisfying process of governing and treats the process with a kind of reverence.

因此,她的竞选口号很简单:“我们的参议员”,这合情合理。在报道了25年的竞选之后,我知道自信——以及一厢情愿——是什么样子。柯林斯和她的团队真心感到乐观,尽管这位参议员承认,她面临的政治逆风是六次大选中最为强劲的。

It makes sense, then, that her campaign slogan is simply: “our senator.”After 25 years of covering campaigns, I know what confidence — and wishful thinking — look like. Collins and her team are genuinely optimistic, despite political headwinds the senator concedes are the strongest she’s faced in six general elections.

这种信心源于柯林斯在2020年取得的惊人胜利。在整个竞选期间的所有公开民调中,这位参议员都以较大差距落后于民主党挑战者萨拉·吉迪恩,但最终以9个百分点的优势获胜,尽管乔·拜登也以同样的差距在缅因州击败了特朗普。柯林斯和她的竞选团队也清楚,今年她在缅因州的民调竞争力,超过了共和党现任参议员和开放席位参议员候选人在可靠红州阿拉斯加、堪萨斯、俄亥俄、得克萨斯以及可能还有艾奥瓦州的民调表现。

That confidence is born of the stunning victory Collins pulled off in 2020. Trailing Democratic challenger Sara Gideon by healthy margins in every public poll throughout the entirety of the campaign, the senator won by 9 percentage points, even as Joe Biden defeated Trump in Maine by the same amount. It’s also not lost on Collins and her campaign that this year she is polling more competitively in Maine than are GOP incumbents and open-seat candidates for Senate in reliably red states Alaska, Kansas, Ohio, Texas and possibly Iowa.

但我的共和党消息源强调,他们信任的私下民调显示,这是一场胜负在误差范围内的角逐。多数缅因州选民对特朗普持负面看法,并认为该州经济状况不佳。RealClearPolitics的平均民调显示,58岁的前州议员杰克逊以1.4个百分点的微弱优势领先。但这位民主党人的得票率为49%,距离“获胜”的神奇数字还差一点。因此,柯林斯绝对有可能——也或许真的会——落败。要怪就怪特朗普。

But my Republican sources emphasize that private surveys they trust show a margin-of-error contest. A majority of Mainers view Trump unfavorably and think the state’s economy is in bad shape. The RealClearPolitics average shows Jackson, a 58-year-old former state legislator, with a narrow lead of 1.4 points. But with a 49% vote share, the Democrat is just shy of the magic “win” number. So, Collins absolutely could — and might — lose. Blame Trump.

感激之情跨越了党派。The gratitude has been bipartisan.

缅因州的民主党选民长期以来一直跨党派支持这位参议员,或者至少带着勉强的认可容忍她的任职。柯林斯六年前就是这样挺过来的——而她并没有改变。只是对许多基层自由派来说,那种两党善意的感觉正被对特朗普不断升级的恐惧和厌恶所淹没。他的个人行为,以及对经济和外交事务的糟糕处理,比许多坚定民主党人对他第二个总统任期的最低预期还要糟糕,也比他们对他第一个任期显然负面的记忆更令人不安。

Democratic voters in Maine have long crossed the aisle to support the senator or at least tolerated her service with begrudging appreciation. It’s how Collins survived six years ago — and she hasn’t changed. It’s just that for many grassroots liberals, those feelings of bipartisan goodwill are being overwhelmed by an escalating fear and loathing of Trump. His personal conduct, and mismanagement of the economy and foreign affairs, are worse than even the lowest expectations many staunch Democrats had for his second presidency and far more troubling than their obviously negative recollections of his first term.

“我觉得她的好运终于到头了。她多年来一直没有为缅因州服务,”民主党选民辛迪·哈蒙德告诉我。这位退休人士是十几名抗议者之一,他们在法明顿的柯林斯剪彩仪式外示威,以表达对杰克逊的支持。

“I think her number’s finally up. She hasn’t served Maine for years,” Democratic voter Cindy Hammond told me. The retiree was among a dozen protesters who picketed Collins’s ribbon-cutting in Farmington to show their support for Jackson.

当我问哈蒙德,为什么这次选举对这位参议员来说会不同于前五次时,她毫不犹豫:“她与特朗普的关系。”左翼反复提出的指控是,柯林斯只有在无关紧要的时候才是温和派;到了关键时刻,她就和总统站在一起,与国会中任何一名MAGA追随者无异。这位参议员2018年投票确认最高法院大法官布雷特·卡瓦诺,至今仍是一个痛点,尤其是在女性选民中。

When I asked Hammond why this election would end differently for the senator than the previous five, she didn’t hesitate: “Her relationship with Trump.”The oft-repeated charge from the left is that Collins is only moderate when it doesn’t count; when it matters, she’s with the president, the same as any MAGA acolyte in Congress. The senator’s 2018 vote to confirm Supreme Court Justice Brett Kavanaugh is still a sore spot, especially with women voters.

最近,这些抱怨还延伸到特朗普对加拿大无端发起的贸易战,这一事态在缅因州尤其引起共鸣,因为该州与美国这个北美邻国有着密切的文化和经济联系。许多缅因州人是法裔加拿大移民的后裔。这里的制造业和其他行业在失去对来自边境对面的商品和货物的自由准入后,利润受到了损害,而特朗普六年前与两个伙伴国家签署的《美国-墨西哥-加拿大协定》本应保障这种自由准入。

Lately, those complaints extend to Trump’s unprovoked trade war with Canada, a development that particularly resonates in Maine because of the state’s close cultural and economic ties to the US’ North American neighbor. Many Mainers are descended from French Canadian immigrants. And manufacturing and other industries here have seen their bottom line suffer after losing unfettered access to commodities and goods that originate across the border, as was supposedly ensured by the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement that Trump signed with the two partner countries six years ago.

柯林斯对有关她在这场经济痛苦面前保持沉默的指责感到愤怒。这位参议员强调,她全面反对特朗普对渥太华的欺凌,并在幕后努力说服白宫对缅因州经济至关重要的进口商品给予关税豁免,包括混凝土、造纸用纸浆和岩盐。

Collins bristles at accusations that she’s been silent in the wake of this economic pain. The senator highlights her wholesale rejection of Trump’s bullying of Ottawa and behind-the-scenes work convincing the White House to grant tariff exemptions on imports critical to Maine’s economy, including concrete, pulp for paper manufacturing and rock salt.

“我一直领导着反对对加拿大征收关税的行动。缅因州和加拿大的经济深度交织,”这位参议员在刘易斯顿对记者说,此前她在西蒙娜餐厅停下来吃早餐,这是一家家族经营的热狗店,深受缅因州政界人士欢迎。“我正在与政府谈判,试图争取进一步的缓解。”当然,当我问她是否对共和党普遍的不作为感到沮丧时,柯林斯回避了这个问题。

“I have led the opposition to the imposition of Canadian tariffs. Maine and Canada’s economies are deeply intertwined,” the senator told reporters in Lewiston, after stopping for breakfast at Simone’s, a family-owned hot-dog joint popular with politicians in Maine. “I’m negotiating with the administration to try to get further relief.”Of course, Collins dodged when I asked if she was frustrated with Republican inaction generally.

共和党加上多数国会民主党人的反对,本可以拥有足够票数,通过一项足以推翻否决的法案,从而削弱——甚至废除——特朗普代价高昂的关税。但大多数共和党议员利用本党在参议院和众议院的多数席位,保护特朗普免受会扰乱其贸易政策的行动影响。“你会听到越来越多共和党阵营的议员公开反对对加拿大征收的关税,”这位参议员说。

The GOP would have the numbers, combined with resistance from a majority of congressional Democrats, to approve veto-proof legislation undermining, if not scrapping, Trump’s costly tariffs. But most Republican lawmakers have used the party’s majorities in the Senate and House of Representatives to shield Trump from action that would disrupt his trade policies. “You’re hearing more and more members of the Republican side of the aisle speak out against the Canadian tariffs,” the senator said.

“我听到越来越多的人意识到这些关税有多么有害。”(我想,这令人鼓舞。)为巩固她数十年来精心塑造的独立-minded共和党人形象,柯林斯在2026年竞选活动的最后几天请来一位老朋友帮忙:乔·曼钦,这位来自西弗吉尼亚州、由民主党人转为独立人士的前参议员。他最近与她一同走上竞选活动,力图说明缅因州若在此时把柯林斯赶下台将是愚蠢的,因为此刻该州、乃至整个国家最需要她。

“I’m hearing a growing realization of how harmful these tariffs are.” (Encouraging, I suppose.) To bolster her image as an independent-minded Republican cultivated over decades, Collins in the closing days of the 2026 campaign has called on an old friend for help: Joe Manchin, the Democrat-turned-independent former senator from West Virginia. He joined her on the trail recently to make the case that Maine would be foolish to oust Collins now, just when the state, indeed, the country, needs her most.

“我希望你们知道自己拥有什么——你们拥有一颗宝石,”他在与老同事一起参观诺威的New Balance鞋厂后,对聚集的New Balance员工说。

“I hope you know what you have — and you have a gem,” he told a gathering of New Balance employees after touring the Norway shoe plant with his old colleague.

柯林斯这种公认必要的策略——吸引多极联盟——与杰克逊的做法截然相反。

Collins’ admittedly necessary strategy of attracting a multipolar coalition is 180 degrees different from Jackson’s.

她的挑战者似乎有意激发波特兰市内及周边以及缅因州沿海地区大量民主党选民的投票热情——正是这些人口多年来让缅因州保持蓝色。马萨诸塞州民主党人、进步派旗手伊丽莎白·沃伦参议员最近与杰克逊一起竞选;纽约州民主社会主义者、众议员亚历山德里娅·奥卡西奥-科尔特斯也是如此,草根自由派希望她能在2028年竞选总统。但自从党内高层选择杰克逊取代因丑闻缠身的初选获胜者格雷厄姆·普拉特纳成为他们的参议院候选人以来,人们对杰克逊的胜选可能性一直存有疑问。

Her challenger appears intent on juicing the heavy Democratic vote in and around Portland and along Maine’s coast — the population responsible for keeping Maine blue all these years. Senator Elizabeth Warren, a Massachusetts Democrat and progressive champion campaigned with Jackson recently; so did Representative Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, the New York Democratic Socialist who grassroots liberals hope will mount a 2028 presidential bid. But there have been questions about Jackson’s viability since party insiders selected him to replace disgraced primary winner Graham Platner as their Senate nominee.

杰克逊对缅因州农村选民来说是否过于偏左?Is Jackson too left for rural, Maine voters?

杰克逊在7月下旬在特殊情况下参加竞选时,在全州范围内并不知名,这里的民主党内部人士承认,他从那时起就一直在追赶。正如我所写的,杰克逊支持政府接管医疗保健系统,并废除移民和海关执法局,这些左翼立场可能会困扰除最左翼的民主党选民以外的所有人。诚然,任何民主党人面对柯林斯都会很难。这不仅仅是我的分析。

Jackson wasn’t well-known statewide when he entered the campaign in late July under unusual circumstances, and Democratic insiders here acknowledged that he’s been playing catch up ever since. And as I’ve written, Jackson backs a government takeover of the health care system and abolishing the Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) agency, left-wing positions that could trouble all but the most left-wing Democratic voters. Granted, any Democrat was going to have a tough time against Collins. And that’s not just my analysis.

“她精心而一贯地塑造了一个温和、独立的形象,”曾与杰克逊共事的前州议员布朗尼·卡森在奥古斯塔(州首府)举行的一场“女性支持特洛伊”代言活动后与我聊天时告诉我。“我认为这将是一场势均力敌的较量。”这对有志者和现任候选人来说是一个教训。年复一年,依靠你的优势竞选。做你自己(或者你希望选民相信你是的人),不要追逐或逃避总统和民调数据。即使这在11月3日对柯林斯不起作用,她也将从中获得30年的收益。不错的成绩。

“She has cultivated an image, carefully, and consistently, of being a moderate, of being independent,” Brownie Carson, a former state legislator who served with Jackson, told me when we chatted after a “Women for Troy” surrogate event in Augusta, the state capital.. “I think this is going to be a squeaker.”There’s a lesson in there for aspiring and current candidates. Run on your strength, year in and year out. Be who you are (or who you want voters to believe you are) and don’t chase, or run from, presidents and polling data. Even if it doesn’t work for Collins on Nov. 3, she’ll have gotten 30 years out of it. Not a bad run.

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