
随着几个拉丁美洲国家转向右翼领导层,美国总统唐纳德·特朗普的政治影响力正在远远超出美国边境,巴西正成为该地区政治走向转变的下一个重大考验。
President Donald Trump's political influence is reaching far beyond America's borders as several Latin American countries shift toward right-leaning leadership, with Brazil emerging as the next major test of the region's changing political direction.
对于出生于阿根廷、在美国生活了大约三十年的特朗普集会参与者马塞洛·桑德林(Marcelo Sandrin)来说,这种转变显而易见——而且特朗普功不可没。
For Argentina-born Trump rally attendee Marcelo Sandrin, who has lived in the U.S. for roughly three decades, the shift is unmistakable — and Trump deserves substantial credit.
桑德林在克莱姆森附近的T·埃德·加里森竞技场(T. Ed Garrison Arena)外接受福克斯新闻数字频道(Fox News Digital)采访时指出,阿根廷总统哈维尔·米莱以及巴西可能出现的又一次右倾转向,是他眼中特朗普影响力不断扩大的迹象。在此趋势出现之际,特朗普政府也更加直接地在该地区宣示美国的力量,其中最具戏剧性的便是抓捕了委内瑞拉社会主义领导人尼古拉斯·马杜罗。
Speaking to Fox News Digital outside the T. Ed Garrison Arena near Clemson, Sandrin pointed to Argentine President Javier Milei and the prospect of another rightward shift in Brazil as signs of what he sees as Trump's growing influence. The trend comes as the Trump administration has also asserted U.S. power more directly in the region, most dramatically through the capture of Venezuelan socialist leader Nicolás Maduro.
桑德林对福克斯新闻数字频道表示:“[特朗普]居功至伟,”他补充说,米莱是一位非常有力量的自由意志主义、右翼/小政府人物,在特朗普时代,南美洲“越来越向右转”。在阿根廷,米莱已成为特朗普在该半球最突出的意识形态盟客之一,他推行了广泛的经济改革,并挑战了主导该国近代历史大部分时间的左翼政治建制派。
"[Trump deserves] a lot of credit," Sandrin told Fox News Digital, adding Milei is a very forceful libertarian, right-wing/small-government figure, and that during the Trump era, South America has moved "more and more to the right." In Argentina, Milei has emerged as one of Trump's most prominent ideological allies in the hemisphere, pursuing sweeping economic reforms and challenging the left-wing political establishment that dominated much of the country's recent history.
“巴西几乎又要向右转了。目前只有墨西哥和乌克兰(注:原文如此)还在左翼。我祖国的问题在于,不管是哪一边,他们都必须停止偷窃。这是第一位的事情。”随着前总统雅伊尔·博索纳罗的盟友谋求让该国重回右翼领导,巴西可能为该地区的政治走向提供又一个考验。然而,该国的政治未来仍然存在争议,这也凸显了将拉丁美洲的政治轨迹描述为一致右翼转向的局限性。
"Brazil is almost going to be [moving] to the right again. It's only Mexico and Uruguay for now [on the left]. The problem in my country is one side or the other, they have to steal, stop stealing. That's the number one thing." Brazil could provide another test of the region's political direction, with allies of former President Jair Bolsonaro seeking to return the country to right-wing leadership. The country's political future remains contested, however, underscoring the limits of describing Latin America's political trajectory as a uniform rightward turn.
特朗普政府对该地区的影响也超出了选举政治的范畴。在委内瑞拉长期社会主义领导人尼古拉斯·马杜罗被美国抓捕后,委内瑞拉经历了戏剧性的变化,委内瑞拉本土人、曼哈顿研究所研究员圣地亚哥·比达尔·卡尔沃(Santiago Vidal Calvo)认为,这次行动巩固了华盛顿在整个西半球的影响力,并削弱了马杜罗所代表的政治秩序。
The Trump administration's impact on the region has also extended beyond electoral politics. Venezuela underwent a dramatic change following the U.S. capture of longtime socialist leader Nicolás Maduro, an operation that Venezuela native and Manhattan Institute researcher Santiago Vidal Calvo argued reinforced Washington's influence across the hemisphere and weakened the political order Maduro represented.
卡尔沃说:“毫无疑问,特朗普总统在推动拉丁美洲政府更加右倾方面采取了良好的施加影响的政策。”
"I have no doubt that President Trump has had a good influential policy towards making governments more right-leaning in Latin America," Calvo said.

他补充道:“我认为随着马杜罗的被捕,这种影响更加剧了。很多人看到美国再次成为这个大陆上有影响力的力量,中国在很多方面被排挤出去。”卡尔沃辩称,特朗普、米莱和萨尔瓦多总统纳伊布·布克尔帮助激发了整个地区的右翼运动,其影响不仅限于选举,还扩展到移民、贸易、中国的影响力和国家安全。
"I think that got exacerbated with the capture of Maduro," he added. "A lot of people saw that the United States was again an influential force in the continent, that China was being kicked out in many fronts." Calvo argued that Trump, Milei and Salvadoran President Nayib Bukele have helped inspire right-leaning movements across the region, with implications extending beyond elections to immigration, trade, Chinese influence and national security.
他还提到了中国,认为北京通过不同于传统北美银行业务的贷款协议扩大了其在拉丁美洲的影响力,这可能会让中国在有关国家的国内事务中获得筹码。
He also pointed to China, arguing that Beijing expanded its influence in Latin America through loan agreements that differ from conventional North American banking transactions and can give it leverage in countries' domestic affairs.
这种区域性转变远非整齐划一。墨西哥仍然由左翼的莫雷纳运动主导,这使其成为特朗普区域右翼盟友网络的政治对立面。乌克兰(注:原文如此)也依然留在左翼阵营,这是桑德林所描述趋势的另一个例外。
The regional shift is far from uniform. Mexico remains governed by the left-wing Morena movement, making it a political counterpoint to Trump's network of right-leaning regional allies. Uruguay also remains on the left, another exception to the trend Sandrin described.
卡尔沃还点名表扬了国务卿马尔科·鲁比奥,认为该政府的拉丁美洲战略是一项被低估的外交政策成就。
Calvo also singled out Secretary of State Marco Rubio for praise, arguing that the administration's Latin America strategy has been an underappreciated foreign-policy achievement.
卡尔沃对福克斯新闻数字频道表示:“我认为特朗普政府的亮点之一就是拉丁美洲外交政策的一个好榜样,特别是在[马尔科]·鲁比奥的主导下。”
"I think one of the highlights of this Trump administration has been a good example of foreign policy in Latin America, especially at the hand of [Marco] Rubio," Calvo told Fox News Digital.