今年美国庆祝《独立宣言》发表250周年之际，民众将目光投向乔治·华盛顿、托马斯·杰斐逊……以及本尼迪克特·阿诺德？阿诺德是大陆军中一位雄心勃勃的年轻军官，凭借顽强的毅力和制胜的胆略，为美国赢得了无人能及的军事胜利——这非常像特朗普总统首任期内强势的政策风格。但也正如特朗普一样，阿诺德的自我吹嘘并未换来他渴望的普遍赞誉。
As America celebrates its 250th anniversary of declared independence this year, citizens turn their thoughts to George Washington, Thomas Jefferson and ... Benedict Arnold? Arnold, an ambitious young military officer in the Continental Army, won military victories for America that no one else had achieved, through his sheer tenacity and audacity to win — very much like President Trump’s assertive policies in his first term. But also like Trump, Arnold’s self-aggrandizement did not win the universal praise he craved.
那些在他看来不如自己的人，却获得了他自认唯有自己配得的认可与荣誉。对阿诺德而言，那是军衔晋升和职位高升；对特朗普而言，或许是诺贝尔和平奖和连任。两人在重大国家安全问题上，对本国都日益怀恨在心，最终都支持了美国的一些主要对手。即便在遭遇那些自认为的冷遇之前，特朗普就已是强人、非民主领导人的崇拜者。
Others, whom he considered less worthy, received the recognition and honors he felt he alone deserved. For Arnold, it was military promotions and rising career assignments; for Trump, it was perhaps the Nobel Peace Prize and re-election. Both men became increasingly embittered on major national security issues against their own country and ultimately supported some of America’s major adversaries. Trump had been an admirer of strong, nondemocratic leaders even before suffering those perceived slights.
阿诺德成为这个新生国家的第一个被指控的叛徒，尽管他在逃往英国前从未被正式起诉。特朗普公开指责乌克兰挑起并延续了俄罗斯发动并持续进行的战争。乌克兰是一个同为民主的国家、渴望加入北约的盟友，已在切实保卫北约领土免受俄罗斯进一步侵略，也是美国的忠实朋友。然而特朗普不断贬低其大义，定期切断至关重要的武器和情报支持，并与副总统万斯一道，以粗鲁霸凌的方式对待乌克兰总统泽连斯基。
Arnold became the new country’s first accused traitor, though he was never formally charged before he fled to England. Trump has openly blamed Ukraine for starting and continuing the war that Russia started and continues. Ukraine is a fellow democracy, an aspiring NATO ally already effectively defending NATO territory against further Russian aggression, and a loyal friend of the U.S. Yet Trump constantly disparages its cause, periodically cuts off vitally needed weapons and intelligence support and, with Vice President JD Vance, treats Ukraine’s president, Volodymyr Zelensky, in a boorish and bullying manner.
这与特朗普对俄罗斯独裁者普京公开示好的态度形成鲜明对比——普京在乌克兰犯下了大量战争罪行——这对一位美国总统而言，是一种令人尴尬的自贬身价姿态。
It is a vivid contrast to Trump’s openly ingratiating treatment of Russian dictator Vladimir Putin, who has perpetrated extensive war crimes in Ukraine — an embarrassingly demeaning posture for a U.S. president.
考虑到俄罗斯战胜乌克兰将对北约构成的显而易见的威胁，特朗普对普京入侵乌克兰日益公开的支持——他曾称之为“天才之举”和“精明之举”——显然危及美国国家安全。特朗普还一再声称，如果当时他还在任，根本就不会发生俄乌战争。推测他是在指他与普京的私人关系密切。他是指他本能够、也愿意面对普京，劝阻他放弃侵略意图？
Given the obvious threat to NATO that a Russian victory over Ukraine would present, Trump’s increasingly open support for Putin’s invasion of Ukraine — which he once called “genius” and “savvy” — clearly endangers U.S. national security. Trump has also repeatedly claimed that there wouldn’t have been a Russia-Ukraine war at all if he had been in office at the time. Presumably, he was referring to his close personal relationship with Putin. Does he mean he would have been able, and willing, to confront Putin and dissuade him from his aggressive intentions?
还是说，相反，他是指他本能够劝阻乌克兰不要抵抗俄罗斯的猛攻，方法是完全切断对乌克兰的美国武器、情报和外交支持，以证明抵抗徒劳无功？一个判断特朗普真实意图的可靠指标，是他重返白宫、掌握美国至高无上的军事、经济和政治力量以影响世界事件以来所做的事情。在特朗普执政的这六年里，他没有做出任何可见的努力，敦促普京从乌克兰撤军，无论是基于个人的尊重和“友谊”，还是基于对特朗普治下美国力量的敬畏。
Or, conversely, does he mean that he would have been able to discourage Ukraine from defending itself against the Russian onslaught by completely denying it U.S. arms, intelligence and diplomatic support to demonstrate the futility of resistance? One reliable indicator of Trump’s real intentions is what he has done since returning to office and possessing America’s supreme military, economic and political powers to influence world events. In the six years of Trump’s presidency so far, he has made no visible effort to urge Putin to withdraw from Ukraine, on the basis of either personal respect and “friendship” or because of deference to American power under Trump.
相反，特朗普只是温和地建议俄罗斯不要在乌克兰继续推进，并同意就地停火。泽连斯基多次接受美国的提议，甚至在本月暂停了对俄罗斯炼油厂的袭击。在乌克兰停火三天期间，俄罗斯发动了战争以来规模最大的导弹和无人机袭击。随着共和党即将失去对国会的控制权，特朗普可能担心再次面临弹劾，理由是协助盟友的敌人，这将对他的历史遗产造成毁灭性打击。
Instead, Trump only mildly suggests that Russia advance no further in Ukraine and agree to a ceasefire in place. Zelensky has repeatedly accepted the U.S. proposal and even halted its attack on Russian refineries this month. While Ukraine held its fire for three days, Russia launched its greatest missile and drone onslaught of the war. With Republicans poised to lose control of Congress, Trump could fear a revived impeachment effort, this time on the devastating grounds of aiding an enemy of an ally. The formal accusation would be devastating to his legacy.
阿诺德逃脱了各州的司法管辖，当时各州本会以叛国罪起诉他。他的名声，与特朗普的名声颇为相似，早已受损。
Arnold escaped the jurisdiction of the states, which would have prosecuted treason at the time. His reputation, not unlike Trump’s, had already been tarnished.
他在1779年因牟取暴利和渎职等非叛国罪名，被大陆军军事法庭审判。特朗普通过其行动，已非常清楚地表明了他在俄罗斯对乌克兰战争中站在哪一边。如果他继续沿着这条公开反乌克兰、亲普京的道路走下去，他很可能会超越本尼迪克特·阿诺德那耻辱的遗产。约瑟夫·博斯科曾于2005年至2006年担任国防部长办公室中国事务主任，并于2009年至2010年担任亚太地区人道主义援助和灾难救援主任。
He was court-martialed by the Continental Army in 1779 for the non-treasonous charges of profiteering and misconduct. Trump, through his actions, has made abundantly clear whose side he is on in Russia’s war on Ukraine. If he continues on his overt anti-Ukraine, pro-Putin course, he could well surpass Benedict Arnold’s shameful legacy. Joseph Bosco served as China country director for the secretary of Defense from 2005 to 2006 and as Asia-Pacific director of humanitarian assistance and disaster relief from 2009 to 2010.
他是美韩研究所的非常驻研究员，全球台湾研究所顾问委员会成员，以及范登堡联盟顾问委员会成员。
He is a nonresident fellow at the Institute for Corean-American Studies, a member of the advisory board of the Global Taiwan Institute and member of the advisory board of the Vandenberg Coalition.