美国已对卢旺达国防部实施制裁，理由是其涉嫌支持刚果民主共和国东部的“3月23日运动”（M23）反政府武装，从而加大对基加利撤军并停止支持叛军的压力。
The United States has imposed sanctions on Rwanda's defence ministry over its alleged support for the M23 rebel group in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo, increasing pressure on Kigali to withdraw its troops and halt support for the rebels.
“卢旺达必须停止对M23的支持，并从刚果（民主共和国）东部撤军，”美国财政部长斯科特·贝森特表示。
"Rwanda must halt its support for M23 and withdraw its troops from eastern DRC," US Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent said.
此次制裁是在卢旺达与刚果（民主共和国）在美国斡旋下签署旨在结束冲突的和平协议数月后出台的。
The sanctions come months after Rwanda and DR Congo signed a US-brokered peace agreement aimed at ending the conflict.
自2025年初M23攻占戈马和布卡武两座城市以来，刚果（民主共和国）东部战事持续。卢旺达否认支持M23。
Fighting has continued in eastern DR Congo since early 2025, when M23 seized the cities of Goma and Bukavu. Rwanda denies backing M23.
美国财政部称，卢旺达国防部指挥数千名士兵在刚果（民主共和国）东部与M23并肩作战，提供武器、装备、后勤和训练。
The US Treasury says Rwanda's defence ministry directed thousands of troops to fight alongside M23 in eastern DR Congo, providing weapons, equipment, logistics and training.
M23已控制富含矿产的地区，包括南基伍省的金矿开采点和北基伍省主要钶钽铁矿产区鲁巴亚。华盛顿称，来自叛军控制区的矿产进入卢旺达供应链，指控卢旺达出口的矿产多于其产量。
The M23 has seized mineral-rich areas, including gold-mining sites in South Kivu and Rubaya, a major coltan-producing area in North Kivu. Washington says minerals from rebel-held territory enter Rwanda's supply chains, alleging that Rwanda exports more minerals than it produces.
制裁旨在强化《华盛顿协议》的落实。该协议于2025年12月在美国调解下由刚果和卢旺达总统签署，旨在结束冲突并扩大区域贸易与投资，但战事仍在继续。
The sanctions are intended to reinforce the Washington Accords, signed by the Congolese and Rwandan presidents in December 2025 under US mediation. The deal aimed to end the conflict and expand regional trade and investment, but fighting has continued.
在制裁宣布前一天（10月24日），刚果（民主共和国）总统费利克斯·齐塞克迪呼吁国际社会加大对卢旺达的施压。
On 24 October, ahead of the sanctions announcement, DR Congo President Félix Tshisekedi urged the international community to increase pressure on Rwanda.
“我们必须坚定要求国际社会对卢旺达实施具体制裁并加大施压，以便我们最终能在本国实现持久和平，”他说。
"We must firmly demand that the international community impose concrete sanctions against Rwanda and exert increased pressure, so that we may finally secure a lasting peace in our country," he said.
刚果（民主共和国）外交部在致路透社的声明中欢迎制裁，并敦促卢旺达履行《华盛顿协议》承诺，尊重《联合国宪章》，从刚果领土撤军。
In a statement to Reuters, DR Congo foreign ministry welcomed the sanctions and urged Rwanda to honour its commitments under the Washington Accords, respect the UN Charter and withdraw its troops from Congolese territory.
卢旺达政府发言人约兰德·马科洛对英国广播公司（BBC）表示：“《华盛顿协议》包含关于卢旺达安全的明确承诺，特别是中和刚果（金）资助的‘卢旺达解放民主力量’（FDLR）种族灭绝民兵，这些承诺完全未得到履行，且无人被追责。”
"The Washington Accords contain clear commitments regarding Rwanda's security, specifically the neutralization of the DR Congo-sponsored FDLR genocidal militia, which are wholly unmet, and with no accountability," Rwandan government spokesperson Yolande Makolo told the BBC.
“卢旺达解放民主力量”是一支与1994年卢旺达种族灭绝实施者有关联的民兵组织。基加利将其视为安全威胁，并以其在刚果（金）东部的存在为由，为其军事姿态辩护。
The FDLR is a militia linked to perpetrators of Rwanda's 1994 genocide. Kigali considers it a security threat and cites its presence in eastern DR Congo to justify its military posture.
她说：“只要刚果（金）愿意履行这些承诺，且调解方对所有各方进行追责，卢旺达仍准备全面落实《华盛顿协议》。”
"Rwanda remains ready to fully implement the Washington Accords, concurrently with the willingness of the DRC to fulfill those commitments, and with the mediator holding all parties accountable," she said.
美国还制裁了“济加马信贷储蓄合作社”，这是一家服务于卢旺达安全部队的知名银行和金融机构。
The US also sanctioned Zigama Credit and Savings Society, a popular bank and financial institution serving Rwanda's security services.
华盛顿指控该机构为“3月23日运动”（M23）及其政治分支“刚果河联盟”促成了数千万美元的交易，帮助从中国为卢旺达军队采购军事装备提供资金，并使黄金得以从叛军控制区运往基加利。
Washington alleges it facilitated tens of millions of dollars in transactions for M23 and its political wing, the Congo River Alliance, helped pay for military equipment for Rwandan forces from China and enabled gold to be transported from rebel-controlled areas to Kigali.
制裁冻结了被指定实体在美国管辖范围内的资产，并总体上禁止美国个人和企业与其进行交易，除非获得授权或豁免。违规行为可能导致美国和外国当事方受到处罚。
The sanctions freeze the designated entities' assets under US jurisdiction and generally prohibit US individuals and businesses from conducting transactions with them, unless authorised or exempt. Violations can result in penalties for US and foreign parties.
这些措施继美国于2026年3月对卢旺达军队及四名高级军事指挥官实施制裁之后出台。美国于2026年6月进一步制裁了“加萨博黄金炼厂”及三家被指控走私冲突矿产的矿业公司。
The measures follow earlier US sanctions against Rwanda's army and four senior military commanders in March 2026. The US imposed further sanctions on Gasabo gold refinery and three mining companies accused of smuggling conflict minerals in June 2026.
关于卢旺达国际体育合作伙伴关系的压力也在增加。两名美国参议员敦促美国国家篮球协会（NBA）重新考虑其与基加利的商业关系，质疑这与该联盟声称的人权承诺是否一致。
Pressure is also mounting over Rwanda's international sports partnerships. Two US senators have urged the National Basketball Association (NBA) to reconsider its commercial relations with Kigali, questioning whether it aligns with the league's stated commitment to human rights.
参议员杰夫·默克利和玛莎·布莱克本于10月23日致信NBA总裁亚当·西尔弗，质疑联盟在卢旺达涉嫌侵犯人权的情况下，继续与该国保持合作伙伴关系。NBA尚未就该信函作出实质性回应。
In a letter sent to NBA commissioner Adam Silver on 23 October, senators Jeff Merkley and Marsha Blackburn questioned the league's continued partnership with Rwanda amid allegations of human rights abuses. The NBA has yet to issue a substantive response to the letter.
卢旺达一直利用高知名度的体育赞助来提升其国际知名度。本月初，该国获得了一项为期10年的协议，将于2030年代初举办一级方程式非洲大奖赛。
Rwanda has used sports high-profile sports sponsorship to raise its international profile. Early this month, it secured a 10-year deal to host Formula 1's African Grand Prix in the early 2030s.
该国对阿森纳的赞助将于2026年结束，而拜仁慕尼黑也已终止与“访问卢旺达”的商业合作伙伴关系。
The country's sponsorship of Arsenal ended in 2026, while Bayern Munich has also ended its commercial partnership with Visit Rwanda.
M23最近加入了一个名为“民族重建阵线”的新反叛联盟，该联盟由前刚果总统约瑟夫·卡比拉领导，旨在推翻齐塞克迪的政府。访问此处了解非洲大陆更多新闻。
The M23 has recently joined a new rebel coalition, known as the Front for the Refoundation of the Nation (FRN) and led by former Congolese President Joseph Kabila, which wants to oust Tshisekedi's government. Go to for more news from the African continent.