码头和港口工人长期以来有着声援被压迫者的传统，这一传统由强大的工会和工人权利所维系。
Dock and port workers have long had a tradition of solidarity with the oppressed, upheld by strong labour unions and workers’ rights.
2025年2月，在以色列对加沙发动种族灭绝战争近一年半之际，地中海国家的码头工人工会联合起来，扰乱运往以色列的武器运输以及西方国家对这场猛攻的军事支持。
In February 2025, nearly a year and a half into Israel’s genocidal war on Gaza, dockworkers’ unions from Mediterranean countries came together to disrupt weapons shipments to Israel and Western countries’ military support of the onslaught.
“武器需要运输、基础设施和工人的双手才能到达目的地，”希腊比雷埃夫斯港码头工人工会ENEDEP的领导人马尔科斯·贝克里斯对半岛电视台说。“这正是我们的力量所在。”如今，来自五大洲22个国家的码头和港口工人于周五举行罢工，工人和研究人员对半岛电视台表示，此次罢工的规模预计将是“历史性的”。这场国际码头工人和港口工人行动日——也被称为“码头工人不为战争工作”——涉及110个港口和25个工会。
“Weapons need transport, infrastructure, and workers’ hands to reach their destination,” Markos Bekris, leader of Greece’s dockworkers’ union, ENEDEP, at the Port of Piraeus in Athens, told Al Jazeera. “That is where our power lies.”Now, dock and port workers in 22 countries across five continents are holding a strike on Friday, which workers and researchers told Al Jazeera is expected to be “historic” in scale. The International Day of Action of Dockworkers and Port Workers – also called “Dockworkers do not work for war” – involves 110 ports and 25 trade unions.
“每个工会都会做自己选择的事情，但都联系在相同的原则和斗争之上，”意大利USB工会运输和港口全国书记弗朗切斯科·斯塔乔利对半岛电视台说。
“Every union will do what they choose, but be connected to the same principles and struggle,” Francesco Staccioli, the national secretary of transport and ports in Italy’s USB trade union, told Al Jazeera.
这些工会的主要诉求是“立即结束对巴勒斯坦人民的种族灭绝以及一切帝国主义战争”。
The unions’ main demand is “an immediate end to the genocide of the Palestinian people and all imperialist wars”.
穆罕默德·阿塔尔是一名码头工人，他于2015年离开加沙，现居德国汉堡。他说，工人们“就是力量”。“如果我们仅仅停工两天，就能拯救数千人的生命，”他说。
Mohammed al-Attar, a dockworker who left Gaza in 2015 and is now based in Hamburg, Germany, said the workers “are the power”. “We can save thousands of lives if we stop working just for two days,” he said.
阿塔尔对这场全球罢工抱有希望，但对德国的工会Ver.di“深感失望”，他指责该工会在加沙问题上“令人无法理解的沉默”。什么是国际码头工人和港口工人行动日？
Al-Attar feels hopeful about the global strike, but is “deeply disappointed” in his trade union Ver.di in Germany, which he accused of “incomprehensible silence” over Gaza. What is the International Day of Action of Dockworkers and Port Workers?
2025年初，地中海地区的码头工人聚集在一起，讨论如何具体地“反对私有化，反对巴勒斯坦的种族灭绝”。
In early 2025, dockworkers in the Mediterranean area came together to discuss how to concretely act “against privatisation, and against the genocide in Palestine”.
最初的会议包括在五个国家20个港口组织工会活动的五个工会，但规模持续扩大。工会多次举行会议，先在雅典，后在热那亚，随后在伊斯坦布尔。今年5月，来自35个以上港口的工会在伊斯坦布尔发表《伊斯坦布尔宣言》，并宣布10月30日为他们的行动日。
The original meeting included five unions organising in 20 ports across five countries, but continued to grow. The unions met several times, first in Athens, then in Genoa, and later in Istanbul. That was where unions from more than 35 ports published the Istanbul Declaration in May this year, and declared October 30 as their day of action.
工会在一份声明中呼吁“承认一个独立的巴勒斯坦国，该国在1967年边界内、以东耶路撒冷为首都，并获国际社会承认”，以及“结束美以在中东和针对伊朗的侵略战争，完全声援古巴、委内瑞拉和苏丹人民”。
In a statement, the unions called for the “recognition of an independent Palestinian state, recognised by the international community, within the 1967 borders and with East Jerusalem as its capital”, and “an end to the US-Israeli wars of aggression in the Middle East and against Iran, and full solidarity with the peoples of Cuba, Venezuela and Sudan”.
“拒绝战争就是给人类一个更好地生存的机会。这是我真正的信念，”USB的斯塔乔利告诉半岛电视台。有多少港口和工会参与？
“Refusing the war is giving humanity a chance to live better. This is what I’m really convinced about,” the USB’s Staccioli told Al Jazeera. How many ports and unions are taking part?
25个以上码头工人工会，代表五大洲22个国家和地区110个以上港口，正在参与。大多数罢工将在正常工作时间进行，但在法国、意大利、印度、希腊和土耳其，已发起24小时罢工。摩洛哥、塞浦路斯及其他港口也宣布最长达两小时的罢工。
More than 25 dockworkers’ trade unions, representing more than 110 ports in 22 countries and regions across five continents, are taking part. Most of the strikes will happen at regular working hours, but in France, Italy, India, Greece and Turkiye, 24-hour strikes have been called. Strikes of up to two hours have also been announced in Morocco, Cyprus and other ports.
组织者告诉半岛电视台，其他行业的工人和工会也被号召与港口工人联合行动，特别是在希腊，而在意大利，USB已号召总罢工。
Organisers told Al Jazeera that workers and trade unions from other sectors have been called on to join with port workers, notably in Greece, while in Italy the USB has called for a general strike.
“规模比我们想象的大，”斯塔乔利说。“这已蔓延到全世界。”研究武器供应链的倡导团体“无港可泊种族灭绝行动”（NHG）支持此次行动。一名发言人告诉半岛电视台，海上基础设施在“巴勒斯坦种族灭绝背景下促进军事贸易”方面发挥重要作用。
“It’s bigger than we thought,” Staccioli said. “This has spread all over the world.”No Harbour for Genocide (NHG), a campaigning collective that researches weapon supply chains, supports the action. A spokesperson told Al Jazeera that maritime infrastructure was important in “facilitating military trade within the context of the genocide in Palestine”.
该发言人补充说，印度、瑞典、丹麦、澳大利亚、巴西、墨西哥、乌拉圭和美国西海岸的码头工人工会均已承诺参与。
Dockworker unions in India, Sweden, Denmark, Australia, Brazil, Mexico, Uruguay and the west coast of the United States have all pledged to take part, the spokesperson added.
巴勒斯坦劳工运动支持此次罢工，并呼吁更多工会加入，敦促工会“升级抵制、撤资、制裁（BDS）压力，以终结所有国家、企业和机构对以色列非法占领、种族隔离和种族灭绝的共谋。”这些港口是如何卷入战争的？
The Palestinian labour movement endorsed the strike and called on more to join, urging unions to “escalate Boycott, Divest, Sanctions (BDS) pressure to end all state, corporate and institutional complicity in Israel’s illegal occupation, apartheid and genocide.”
据“无港口容纳种族灭绝”组织称，在参与罢工的港口中，意大利的热那亚、利沃诺和焦亚陶罗，法国的马赛，希腊的比雷埃夫斯，以及摩洛哥的丹吉尔，均与向以色列运送武器有确凿关联。
How are these ports involved in wars? Of the ports participating, Genoa, Livorno and Gioia Tauro in Italy, Marseille in France, Piraeus in Greece, and Tangier in Morocco all have proven links to weapons shipments to Israel, according to No Harbour for Genocide.
该组织表示，在2025年8月至2026年9月期间，它追踪了315批运往以色列最大军火制造商“以尔比特系统公司”的零部件货物，这些货物经由29个国家的56个商业港口转运。预计这56个港口将全部在10月30日参与罢工，这将造成重大干扰，哪怕仅持续一天。
The group said that between August 2025 and September 2026 it tracked 315 shipments of components for Elbit Systems, Israel’s largest arms manufacturer, moving through 56 commercial ports in 29 countries. All these 56 ports are expected to be on strike on October 30 , representing a major disruption, even if only for a day.
“无港口容纳种族灭绝”组织称，预计10月30日将有价值超过20亿美元的货物滞留。
NHG said it expects that more than $2bn worth of cargo will sit idle on October 30 .
该运动的发言人表示：“以色列高达95%的进出口货物通过海运，依赖地中海沿岸的港口基础设施。丹吉尔、比雷埃夫斯、焦亚陶罗和热那亚，大型船舶在这些港口卸下集装箱再转运至小型船只继续航行，它们是地中海使用最频繁的几个转运枢纽。这四个港口周五都将参与罢工。”该发言人补充道：“参与罢工的地中海港口处理了该海域63%的所有集装箱业务量”，并指出“从法国南部到比雷埃夫斯，参与罢工的港口掌握了74%的集装箱业务量。在全球范围内，参与罢工的港口处理了13.5%的全球航运量。”
“Up to 95 percent of Israel’s imports and exports travel by sea, relying on port infrastructure across the Mediterranean,” the campaign’s spokesperson said. “Tangier, Piraeus, Gioia Tauro and Genoa, where the largest vessels unload containers onto smaller ships for the rest of the sea, are a few of the Mediterranean’s most frequently used transshipment hubs. All four are taking part on Friday.”“The participating Mediterranean ports handle 63 percent of all container activity in the sea,” the spokesperson added, noting that “between southern France and Piraeus, the striking ports hold 74 percent of container activity. Worldwide, the ports taking part [in the strike] handle 13.5 percent of global shipping.”
意大利记者兼活动家琳达·马焦雷表示，她发现自加沙战争爆发以来，从意大利主要港口运往以色列的武器装备有多起增加的案例。
Linda Maggiore, an Italian journalist and activist, said that she has discovered several examples of increasing weapons shipments from Italy’s major ports to Israel since the start of the war on Gaza.
马焦雷对半岛电视台表示：“在欧洲，一项关于军事流动性的法规即将获批，这将使武器在不受审查的情况下转移变得更加容易。封锁是至关重要的行动，因为它们明确表明，公民社会不愿成为同谋。”
“In Europe, a regulation on military mobility is about to be approved, which will make it even easier for arms to be transferred without scrutiny,” Maggiore told Al Jazeera. “Blockades are essential actions, because they make it clear that civil society does not wish to be complicit.”
从越南战争到伊拉克战争，USB的斯塔乔利表示，“码头工人有着悠久的传统，反对世界上任何帝国主义战争或侵略。”抗议行动会被起诉吗？
From the Vietnam war to Iraq, the USB’s Staccioli said that “dockworkers have a long tradition of rallying against any imperialist war or aggression in the world.”Are protest actions prosecuted?
在希腊，工会领袖贝克里斯正因一场抗议行动面临起诉。2024年10月，他和 other 工人阻止装载一个装有21吨弹药、目的地为以色列的集装箱。
In Greece, union leader Bekris is facing prosecution for a protest in which he and other workers blocked the loading of a container holding 21 tonnes of ammunition destined for Israel in October 2024.
“我们传承着工人们的传统，他们拒绝为针对他人的战争装载武器，”贝克里斯在全球罢工前夕对半岛电视台表示。“我们的双手每天沾满油污和汗水。我们拒绝让它们染上他人的鲜血。”
“We carry forward the tradition of workers who refuse to load weapons against other people,” Bekris told Al Jazeera on the eve of the global strike. “Our hands get covered in grease and sweat every day. We refuse to let them be stained with the blood of other people.”