对于石油公司来说，现在是大好时机。美国两大石油巨头埃克森美孚和雪佛龙周五公布了远超预期的暴利，因为美国与伊朗的战争导致油价持续大幅飙升。埃克森美孚报告的利润较去年同期翻倍，而雪佛龙的盈利较一年前激增逾180%。作为丰厚回报的一部分，埃克森美孚表示将增加派发给投资者的股息。两家公司的回报之际，油价飙升至每桶100美元以上，并维持在该水平数月。
It’s a good time to be an oil company. The two largest U.S. oil companies, ExxonMobil and Chevron, on Friday reported blowout profits that easily beat expectations as oil prices remain sharply elevated because of the U.S. war with Iran. ExxonMobil reported a profit that doubled from the same period last year, while Chevron’s earnings surged more than 180% from a year earlier. As part of the bumper returns, Exxon said it was increasing the dividend it pays to investors. The returns at both companies came as the price of oil surged beyond $100 per barrel and has remained there for months.
周五，油价再度加速上涨，布伦特原油交易价格略低于每桶118美元。自美国和以色列于2月下旬发动伊朗战争以来，布伦特原油触及的最高水平为126美元，目前正再度逼近这一高点。今年以来，埃克森美孚股价上涨52%，雪佛龙股价回报率达50%。隔夜，另一家石油巨头英国石油公司（BP）报告称，其利润飙升至18年高位。
On Friday, prices accelerated again, with Brent oil trading just under $118 per barrel. The highest level that Brent reached since the United States and Israel launched the Iran war in late February was $126, which it is now approaching again. Since the start of the year, Exxon shares have risen 52%, and Chevron shares have returned 50%. Overnight, another major oil company, BP, reported that its profit skyrocketed to an 18-year high.
自战争爆发以来，普通汽油平均价格对消费者而言已飙升40%。在中期选举前夕，物价持续飙升令选民承压，选民一再表示物价和通胀是首要关切。2024年，唐纳德·特朗普反复承诺降低能源成本。“我的计划将在就职12个月内将能源价格减半甚至更多，”这位时任候选人于2024年9月表示，并补充称这将意味着“汽油价格低于每加仑2美元”。
The average price of regular gasoline has soared 40% for consumers since the war broke out. Soaring prices continue to pressure consumers ahead of the midterm elections, where voters have repeatedly said that prices and inflation are primary concerns. In 2024, Donald Trump repeatedly pledged to drive energy costs down. “My plan will cut energy prices in half or more than that within 12 months of taking office,” the then-candidate said in September 2024, while adding that it would mean “gasoline below $2 a gallon.”
截至周五，平均汽油价格目前是该数字的两倍多。在近期的竞选集会上，总统为较高的石油和天然气利润喝彩。“我想我该不该说这话，”特朗普在10月的一次集会上公开沉吟道。
As of Friday, the average gasoline price is currently more than double that. In recent rallies on the campaign trail, the president has celebrated the higher oil and gas profits. “I wonder if I should say this,” Trump mused aloud during a rally Oct. 24, before saying “our country is making hundreds of billions of dollars because of what’s happened in the Middle East.”
24日，随后表示：“我们的国家因为中东发生的事情正在赚取数千亿美元。”特朗普接着说：“我的人说，‘先生，请别提这事’，因为人们付出的代价稍高一些。但我们为这个国家所做的，我们赚钱的速度是这个国家前所未有的。”“我才不在乎：我要说出来。我们正在赚一笔他妈的大钱。”更高的价格也是乌克兰和俄罗斯之间战争的结果，这场战争始于普京总统2022年对邻国发动全面入侵。
“My people said, ‘Please don’t mention that, sir,’ because people are paying a little higher,” Trump continued. “But what we’ve done for this country, we’re making money like this country has never made before.”“I don’t give a damn: I’m going to say it. We’re making a freaking fortune.”The higher prices are also a result of the war between Ukraine and Russia following President Vladimir Putin’s full-scale invasion of his neighbor in 2022.
“世界上发生了很多动荡，”埃克森美孚首席执行官达伦·伍兹周五上午对CNBC表示。“你会发现，正是因为霍尔木兹海峡的‘关闭’，航运不得不寻找新航线，以继续输送社会迫切需要的产品。”“俄罗斯约一半的炼油能力已因乌克兰的轰炸而瘫痪，”他补充道。“这种炼油能力短缺和全球供应紧张，才是推高成品油价格的原因，坦率地说，柴油是关键瓶颈，因为它对经济增长至关重要，”伍兹继续说道。
“There’s a lot of disruption happening in the world,” ExxonMobil CEO Darren Woods told CNBC on Friday morning. “What you’re finding is because of the closure” in the Strait of Hormuz, “shipping has to find new routes around to continue to deliver the products that society desperately needs.”“About half of Russia’s refinery capacity has been taken out from the Ukraine bombing,” he added. “That shortage of refining capacity and availability to the world is what’s driving product prices as high as it is, and frankly, diesel is the key crunch point here because it is so critical to economic growth,” Woods continued.
今年以来，全国柴油平均价格已上涨78%。纽约交易的柴油期货今年以来飙升130%，这很可能预示着加油站价格还会进一步上涨。埃克森美孚和雪佛龙均表示，它们正以最大产能运行炼厂，以尽可能多地生产柴油。特朗普专门注意到了柴油对经济可能产生的影响。政府迅速发布了多项命令和政策，试图降低价格。
Since the start of the year, the average nationwide price for diesel fuel has risen 78%. New York-traded diesel futures have soared 130% since the start of the year, likely indicating more price rises could still come at the pump. Both Exxon and Chevron said that they were running their refineries at maximum output to continue making as much diesel as possible. Trump has taken specific note of the impact that diesel could have on the economy. The administration has quickly issued multiple orders and policies in an attempt to bring prices down.
总统签署了一项行政命令，允许更广泛地使用一种非公路用染色柴油，向欧洲盟友施压要求释放更多柴油储备投入全球市场，并宣布与普京达成协议，获取该国部分柴油供应。特朗普的最新举措发生在上周，当时他宣布根据《国防生产法》拨款1.5亿美元，以“扩大全国各地炼油厂的石油生产、储存和物流能力”。这些举措并未使价格有意义地下降。
The president signed an order allowing more widespread use of an off-road dyed variety of diesel, has pressured European allies to release more of the diesel reserves into the global market, and has announced a deal with Putin for some of that country’s diesel supplies. Trump’s latest move came last week, when he announced $150 million in Defense Production Act funding to “expand petroleum production, storage, and logistics at refineries across.”The moves have not meaningfully brought prices down.
周五，伍兹表示，其炼油厂已被推向极限。“我们的炼油厂利用率处于创纪录水平，”他在CNBC上表示。“如果你看北美，我们生产创纪录体量的柴油。这完全是为了努力向市场投放更多产品以满足需求并压低成本。”
On Friday, Woods said his refineries were already being pushed to the limit. “We are at record levels of utilization for our refineries,” he said on CNBC. “If you look at North America, we produce record volumes of diesel. That’s all been a function of trying to drive more product into the marketplace to meet that demand and to drive costs down.”