三位贸易和航运消息人士称，10月下旬从俄罗斯西部港口运往印度的石油运费维持在历史高位，反映出黑海风险以及因中断和强劲全球需求导致的船舶短缺。
Freight rates for oil shipments from Russia's western ports to India remained at record highs in late October, reflecting risks in the Black Sea and a shortage of vessels amid disruptions and strong global demand, three trading and shipping sources said.
高昂的运费正在推高俄罗斯石油出口商的成本，因为西方制裁迫使俄罗斯将大部分原油从其西部港口经由漫长且昂贵的航线运往亚洲，主要是印度和中国。
High freight rates are driving up costs for Russian oil exporters, as Western sanctions force Russia to ship most of its crude from its western ports to Asia, primarily India and China, via long and costly routes.
消息人士称，将乌拉尔原油运往印度的运费目前约为每桶30美元或更高，视船东和目的地而定，高于9月的约20美元。
Freight costs for shipping Urals crude to India are currently around $30 per barrel or more, depending on the shipowner and destination, up from around $20 in September.
从俄罗斯波罗的海港口用阿芙拉型油轮运送约10万吨货物至印度西部的费用维持在单程约2300万美元，而9月约为1300万至1600万美元。消息人士称，苏伊士型油轮同一航线的运费约为2700万美元，并补充说航运成本正比以往更多地侵蚀卖方利润。
The cost of shipping a cargo of about 100,000 metric tons on an Aframax tanker from Russia's Baltic ports to western India has remained at around $23 million per one-way voyage, compared with roughly $13 million-$16 million in September. A Suezmax tanker can be fixed for the same route at about $27 million, the sources said, adding that shipping costs are eating into sellers’ profits more than ever.
消息人士称，用苏伊士型油轮（可装载约14万吨）从黑海运往印度的乌拉尔原油运费已升至单程创纪录的3000万美元，高于9月的约1900万美元。
The cost of shipping Urals crude from the Black Sea to India on Suezmax tankers, which can carry about 140,000 tons, has risen to a record $30 million per one-way voyage, up from around $19 million in September, the sources said.
由于该地区持续的无人机袭击和战争紧张局势导致出口长时间延误，黑海的石油装运自夏季以来基本处于中断状态。
Oil loadings from the Black Sea have been largely disrupted since the summer due to constant drone attacks and war tensions in the region causing long delays in exports.
据船舶经纪公司Riverlake称，10月从黑海向地中海运输14万吨原油货物的成本维持在世界运价指数952点，仅略低于本月初的约WS1000点。
According to shipbroker Riverlake, the cost of transporting a 140,000-ton crude cargo from the Black Sea to the Mediterranean remained at Worldscale 952 points in October, only slightly below about WS1,000 earlier this month.
“卖方要求降低运费，但船东不愿提供折扣，”其中一位消息人士说。
“Oil sellers are asking for lower rates, but shipowners don’t want to offer discounts,” one of the sources said.
另一位消息人士称，即将到来的冬季可能会使局势进一步恶化，因为天气将进一步增加航运难度。
Another source said the upcoming winter season is likely to make the situation even worse as the weather further complicates shipping.