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希特勒“鹰巢”山顶避难所遭纵火焚毁,是否应重建?Hitler’s Eagle’s Nest retreat was torched in an arson attack. Should it be rebuilt?

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2024年10月24日,位于山顶的凯尔施泰因宾馆(Kehlsteinhaus)发生火灾,该建筑被称为“鹰巢”。 摄影:Berchtesgaden/AFP/Getty ImagesThe fire at mountain guesthouse Kehlsteinhaus, known as the Eagle's Nest, on 24 October. Photograph: Berchtesgaden/AFP/Getty Images

随着德国极右翼势力抬头,专家们对于独裁者的前山顶避难所是应修复还是留作废墟意见不一。阿道夫·希特勒独裁统治留下的最后几处建筑遗迹之一,原本旨在展示不可动摇的权力。上个月,它在一起疑似纵火案中被毁。它将被重建吗?又该不该重建?

With the far right resurgent in Germany, experts are divided as to whether the dictator’s former mountaintop retreat is better restored or left a ruin One of the last structural relics of Adolf Hitler’s dictatorship was conceived to project indomitable power. Last month it was destroyed in a suspected arson attack. Will it, and should it, be rebuilt?

一座镶嵌在岩石中的黄铜装饰电梯,仅用41秒便将游客送抵“鹰巢”。 摄影:Horst Friedrichs/AlamyA brass-plated lift, built into the rock, took 41 seconds to bring visitors up to the Eagle’s Nest. Photograph: Horst Friedrichs/Alamy
“鹰巢”在德语中有一个更质朴的名字——凯尔施泰因宾馆,得名于其所在的山峰。 摄影:DEA/W. BUSS/De Agostini/Getty ImagesThe Eagle’s Nest is known more prosaically in German as the Kehlsteinhaus , for the mountain it rests on. Photograph: DEA/W. BUSS/De Agostini/Getty Images
2019年拍摄的“鹰巢”。 摄影:Maurice Savage/AlamyThe Eagle’s Nest pictured in 2019. Photograph: Maurice Savage/Alamy
1940年拍摄的“鹰巢”。 摄影:Hulton Deutsch/Corbis/Getty ImagesThe Eagle’s Nest pictured in 1940. Photograph: Hulton Deutsch/Corbis/Getty Images

这座被称为“鹰巢”的纳粹历史山顶避难所,矗立在海拔1834米(6000英尺)的阿尔卑斯山峰之上,可俯瞰德国南部和奥地利的壮丽景色。在德语中,其设计被称为,意在压倒和恐吓。

The historic Nazi mountaintop retreat known as the Eagle’s Nest is perched on an Alpine peak at an altitude of 1,834 metres (6,000ft), with stunning views over southern Germany and Austria. In German, its design is known as , intended to overwhelm and intimidate.

1942年,海因里希·霍夫曼、埃娃·布劳恩和阿道夫·希特勒在贝希特斯加登山寨。 摄影:Prisma by Dukas Presseagentur GmbH/AlamyHeinrich Hoffmann, Eva Braun and Adolf Hitler at the Berghof in 1942. Photograph: Prisma by Dukas Presseagentur GmbH/Alamy
1942年6月,希特勒与埃娃·布劳恩在贝希特斯加登山寨。 摄影:Pictorial Press Ltd/AlamyHitler with Eva Braun at the Berghof in June 1942. Photograph: Pictorial Press Ltd/Alamy
1945年5月4日,一名美军士兵在“鹰巢”。 摄影:Eric Schwab/AFP/Getty ImagesA US soldier at the Eagle’s Nest, 4 May 1945. Photograph: Eric Schwab/AFP/Getty Images
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