纳伦德拉·莫迪政府正面临来自Z世代的前所未有挑战，这群年轻人打着“蟑螂人民党”的讽刺性旗号集结在一起。该运动于5月萌芽，由一则网络笑话引发，起因是对最高法院院长言论的回应，当时院长将失业的年轻人比作“寄生虫”和“蟑螂”。在迫使教育部长于7月底辞职后，“蟑螂”们在反对派政党和左翼学生组织的加入下，开始要求做出更多让步。《世界报》采访了研究印度青年及大学毕业生失业原因的地理学家阿维谢克·贾。
Narendra Modi's government faces an unprecedented challenge from Generation Z, rallied under the satirical banner of the Cockroach People's Party. The movement emerged in May, sparked by an internet joke in reaction to remarks by the president of the Supreme Court, who had compared young unemployed people to "parasites" and "cockroaches." After forcing the education minister's resignation at the end of July, the "cockroaches," joined by opposition parties and left-wing student organizations, began demanding further concessions. Le Monde spoke with Avishek Jha, a geographer who studies Indian youth and the causes of graduate unemployment.
你是否对这场由印度Z世代领导的、此前与撼动世界的其他青年运动相比一直保持沉默的突如其来的抗议运动感到意外？
Were you surprised by the sudden protest movement led by India's Generation Z, which until then had remained silent compared to other youth movements that were shaking up the world?
不完全是。近年来，我们看到印度邻国（如尼泊尔、斯里兰卡和孟加拉国）掀起了由青年主导的抗议浪潮。虽然印度没有发生如此规模的抗议活动，但在2020至2021年的反对公民身份法示威和支持农民活动期间，年轻人确实走上了街头，尽管他们并非唯一的群体。
Not exactly. In recent years, we have seen waves of youth-led protests in India's neighboring countries, such as Nepal, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh. While such a large-scale protest did not take place in India, young people did take to the streets during the demonstrations against the citizenship law and in support of farmers in 2020-2021, even though they were not the only group to do so.
与此同时，在Instagram或YouTube等社交平台面上，一段时间以来已经出现了异议、失望和玩世不恭的迹象，而在此之前，这些情绪仅以非常零星和个别的方式表达出来。
Meanwhile, on social media platforms such as Instagram or YouTube, there had for some time already been signs of dissent, disappointment and cynicism, which until then had only been expressed in very sporadic and individual ways.
5月“蟑螂人民党”的成立在短短几天内在社交媒体上获得了巨大的势头，它有助于使面对大规模失业和缺乏社会流动性的Z世代的愤怒具体化。
The creation in May of the Cockroach People's Party, which gained considerable momentum on social media within just a few days, helped crystallize the anger of Generation Z, who faced mass unemployment and a lack of social mobility.
“蟑螂人民党”为年轻人提供了一个可以自由表达自我的平台，而传统政党则未能阐明他们的诉求。
The Cockroach People's Party gave young people a platform where they could express themselves freely, while traditional political parties failed to articulate their demands.
这种现象在各大民主国家中是普遍存在的。面对老人政治体制，越来越多的年轻人变得幻想破灭且玩世不恭。
The phenomenon is global in major democracies. More and more young people have become disillusioned and cynical in the face of gerontocratic systems.