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美元看跌观点持续至美国中期选举,但策略师预计美元将展现韧性Weaker dollar views stick running into US midterms, but strategists brace for resilience

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这张2026年3月24日制作的插图中可以看到美元纸币。路透社/达多·鲁维奇/插图/资料图US dollar banknotes are seen in this illustration created on March 24, 2026. REUTERS/Dado Ruvic/Illustration/File Photo

路透社调查的外汇策略师预计,未来几个月美元将走软。在周二中期选举到来之际,他们坚守长期以来的看跌观点,并表示主要风险是美元比他们预测的更具韧性。

The US dollar will slip in coming months according to FX strategists polled by Reuters who have clung to their long-held bearish view running into Tuesday’s midterm elections, saying the main risk is a more resilient greenback than they predict.

路透社于10月30日至11月3日、即选举前进行的调查显示,预测者的展望与10月初相比几乎没有变化。此次选举将决定总统唐纳德·特朗普所在的共和党能否保持对国会的控制。

An October 30-November 3 Reuters survey ahead of elections that will decide whether President Donald Trump’s Republican Party keeps control of Congress showed forecasters barely changed their outlook from early October.

“我们对明年的展望是,贬值可能重新开始……话虽如此,风险正指向美元受到支撑或更具韧性的时间会更长,”美国银行外汇策略师亚历克斯·科恩表示。

“Our outlook for next year is depreciation can resume...That said, risks are pointing towards the dollar being held up or more resilient for longer,” said Alex Cohen, FX strategist at Bank of America.

他列举的主要理由是,美国经济增长强劲,以及通胀顽固——近六年来通胀率一直高于美联储2%的目标。美联储在9月加息后,于上月暂停加息。利率期货定价显示,美联储还将加息约两次,从下个月开始。

He cited strong US growth and stubborn inflation that has run above the Federal Reserve’s 2% target for nearly six years as the main reasons. The Fed paused hiking borrowing costs last month after a rise in September. Rate futures are pricing in around two more Fed rate increases, starting again next month.

不过,路透社调查中的外汇策略师仍预计美元将走弱。这些策略师作为一个群体,今年大部分时间都低估了美元的强势。

Still, FX strategists in Reuters polls, who as a group have underestimated the dollar’s strength for most of this year, expect it to weaken.

66位预测者的预测中值显示,目前约报1.12美元的欧元,三个月后将升至1.13美元,六个月后升至1.14美元,一年后上涨约4%至1.16美元。

Median views from 66 forecasters put the euro, currently around $1.12, at $1.13 in three months, $1.14 in six and around 4% higher to $1.16 in a year.

但在回答额外问题的策略师中,约60%(30人中的17人)表示,美元更有可能超出而非低于其三个月预测。

But about 60% of strategists who answered an extra question, 17 of 30, said the dollar was more likely to top their three-month forecasts than fall short.

最近几周,尽管对人工智能投资热潮的担忧拖累股市走低,投资者大举买入美国国债,但美元仍保持异常坚挺。基准10年期国债收益率自10月7日以来已下跌近45个基点,至5%以下。(.DXY)“美联储可能落后于形势……但美元显然没有跟上通常的催化剂,这告诉我,美元需要行动起来了,”富国银行全球外汇策略主管埃里克·纳尔逊表示。他预计欧元年底将报1.16美元。

In recent weeks the greenback has held remarkably firm even as worries over the AI investment boom dragged stocks lower and investors piled into US Treasuries. The benchmark 10-year yield has fallen nearly 45 basis points since October 7 to below 5%. (.DXY), "The Fed may be behind the curve...but the dollar is definitely not keeping up with usual catalysts, which tells me it needs to get moving," said Erik Nelson, global head of FX strategy at Wells Fargo, predicting the euro at $1.16 at year-end.

但纳尔逊怀疑,如果股市和消费支出没有遭受更剧烈的打击,仅靠加息无法降低通胀。

But Nelson doubted higher rates alone would bring inflation down without a sharper hit to stocks and spending.

他说:“如果利率升至5%,而股市仅下跌5%或7%,通胀不会下降。如果……股市下跌25%,那么我们或许可以谈谈(降低通胀的可能性)。”

“If interest rates go up to 5% and equities only fall 5% or 7%, inflation is not going to come down. If...equities fall 25%, then maybe we have a conversation,” he said.

关于周二的选举,美银的科恩表示,“民主党表现强劲的情况应已在很大程度上反映在价格中。”

On Tuesday’s elections, BofA's Cohen said “a strong Democrat showing should be well in the price.”

他补充称,如果共和党意外横扫选战并控制参众两院,“可能会看到股市、利率和美元全线走高。” 很多情况将取决于美以与伊朗战争的未来走向。这场战争已进入第九个月,仍无结束迹象,使油价维持在每桶105美元以上,并有进一步巩固通胀压力的风险。

A surprise Republican sweep of races that leaves them in control of both houses of Congress, he added, “probably sees equities, rates and the dollar all move higher.”Much will hinge on the future of the US-Israeli war with Iran. Now in its ninth month with no sign of ending, it has kept oil over $105 a barrel and risks further entrenching inflation pressure.

法国农业信贷银行企业与投资银行G10外汇主管瓦伦廷·马里诺夫在书面回复中表示:“投票结束后的当下,投资者将关注任何迹象,以判断特朗普政府是否可能升级与伊朗的冲突,从而全面提升高收益、避风港之王——美元的吸引力。”

“In the immediate aftermath of the vote, investors will focus on any indication that the Trump administration could re-escalate the conflict in Iran and thus boost the appeal of the high-yielding, safe-haven king dollar across the board," said Valentin Marinov, head of G10 FX at Credit Agricole CIB, in a written response.

最新的商品期货交易委员会数据显示,在投票前夕,投机者净持有多头美元头寸。

Speculators are net-long the dollar heading into the vote, the latest Commodity Futures Trading Commission data showed.

当被问及到11月底头寸将如何变化时,25位受访者中有13位预计仅会小幅调整,5位预计净多头头寸将增加。其余受访者预计净多头头寸会缩减。

Asked how positions would change by end-November, 13 of 25 respondents expected only a little adjustment while 5 saw net-longs increasing. The rest expected them to shrink.

荷兰合作银行外汇策略主管简·福利是少数预测美元将强劲走高直至2027年的分析师之一。她说:“相对于共识此前预期的2026年底欧元兑美元汇率水平,我们现在的水平低得多。市场正在逐渐接受这一现实。”

“Relative to where the consensus thought we would be (for euro-dollar) at the end of 2026, we’re a lot lower. And that is something the market is coming to terms with,” said Jane Foley, head of FX strategy at Rabobank, among the few forecasting a strong dollar well into 2027.

她补充道:“但我们需要看到另一个意外、新闻流的另一部分,才会让我们跌破1.10美元(关口)。”

"But we'd need to see another surprise, another part of the news flow, to make us drop below $1.10," she added.

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