欧洲央行行长克里斯蒂娜·拉加德周三表示，即将在土耳其举行的联合国气候大会为把全球气候雄心转化为具体经济行动提供了关键机遇。
The upcoming UN climate conference in Türkiye presents a critical opportunity to transform global climate ambitions into concrete economic action, European Central Bank President Christine Lagarde said on Wednesday.
在定于下周在地中海度假城市安塔利亚开幕的COP31气候峰会召开前发表的一篇文章中，拉加德警告称，气候变化带来的财务成本不断上升，需要采取主动措施保护欧洲。
In an article published ahead of the COP31 climate summit scheduled to begin next week in the Mediterranean resort city of Antalya, Lagarde warned that the rising financial costs of climate change require proactive measures to protect Europe.
“下周将在安塔利亚开幕的COP31峰会，是一个在全球范围内把雄心转化为行动的机会，”拉加德写道。
"The COP31 summit in Antalya, which begins next week, is an opportunity to turn ambition into action on a global scale," Lagarde wrote.
“今年夏天不会是最后一个这样的夏天；极端高温将更频繁、更猛烈地回归，而其代价将最沉重地落在那些最无力承受的人身上，”她补充道。
"This summer will not be the last of its kind; extreme heat will return more often and with greater force, and its costs will fall hardest on those least able to bear them," she added.
拉加德强调，欧洲的升温速度约为全球平均水平的两倍，并将今年夏天破纪录的热浪、干旱和野火描述为一场造成超过3万人超额死亡的人类与环境悲剧。
Highlighting that Europe is warming at roughly twice the global average rate, Lagarde described this summer's record-breaking heat waves, droughts and wildfires as a human and environmental tragedy that caused over 30,000 excess deaths.
野火在西班牙和法国烧毁了40万公顷土地，而莱茵河和多瑙河水位降至历史最低，扰乱了主要航运路线，并降低了核电站的冷却能力。
Wildfires burned 400,000 hectares in Spain and France, while record-low water levels in the Rhine and Danube disrupted major shipping routes and reduced cooling capacity for nuclear power stations.
尽管欧洲央行估计对欧元区国内生产总值的直接影响是暂时的，但拉加德强调，近期数据低估了结构性经济风险。
While the European Central Bank estimated that the immediate impact on euro area gross domestic product was temporary, Lagarde emphasized that near-term figures understate the structural economic risks.
她指出，近四分之三的欧元区企业严重依赖自然，其中与水相关的服务最为脆弱。
She noted that nearly three-quarters of euro area businesses depend heavily on nature, with water-related services being the most vulnerable.
她说，由于生产率下降和劳动力迁移，受灾地区的经济活动在热浪过后两年平均下降1.5%，在干旱过后四年平均下降3%。
Economic activity in affected regions drops by an average of 1.5% two years after a heat wave and 3% four years after a drought due to lower productivity and labor relocation, she said.
干旱状况严重恶化了欧洲的农业前景，并可能在未来一年推高食品通胀。
Arid conditions severely deteriorated European agricultural prospects and could drive food inflation higher in the coming year.
拉加德还警告称，欧元区近12%的经济产出面临防洪保护不足的问题，并指出欧洲历史上仅有四分之一的灾害损失得到了保险赔付。
Lagarde also warned that nearly 12% of euro area economic output faces insufficient flood protection, noting that only a quarter of historical catastrophe losses in Europe have been covered by insurance.
在谈到能源市场时，拉加德解释说，中东冲突引发的能源冲击与夏季热浪直接相互作用，推高了制冷需求，而水位偏低则抑制了水电和核电产出。
Turning to energy markets, Lagarde explained that the Middle East conflict's energy shock interacted directly with summer heat waves, pushing up cooling demand while low water levels curtailed hydropower and nuclear output.
为增强韧性，拉加德提出了欧洲的三项优先事项：建立欧盟层面的公私合作再保险机制、在升级电网的同时提升储能能力，以及允许企业进行分散式能源自供。
To strengthen resilience, Lagarde outlined three European priorities: establishing an EU-level public-private reinsurance mechanism, upgrading electricity grids alongside storage capacity, and allowing decentralized energy self-supply for businesses.
拉加德表示：“每投入1欧元用于升级电网，就能在其他系统成本上节省超过2欧元（2.24美元），而储能有助于将廉价的太阳能电力延续到傍晚，而傍晚正是热浪对供电造成最大压力的时候。”
"Each euro invested in upgrading the grid saves more than €2 ($2.24) in other system costs, and storage would help carry cheap solar power into the evenings, when heat waves strain supply most," Lagarde said.
她最后呼吁完成储蓄与投资联盟，以调动绿色转型所需的私营部门资本。
She concluded by calling for the completion of the savings and investments union to mobilize necessary private sector capital for the green transition.