After Midterm Drubbing, Trump and Republicans Start Pointing Fingers While the president attributed sweeping losses to the fact that he was not on the ballot, others in his party dismissed his explanation and pinned blame squarely on him.

As results came in Tuesday night showing that Republicans were taking sweeping losses in the midterm elections, President Trump quickly sought to deflect blame, declaring that the drubbing happened because he was not on the ballot.

“I wasn’t on the ticket,” Mr. Trump said in an interview with The New York Times on Tuesday night before polls had closed in parts of the country. “And because I wasn’t on the ticket, we couldn’t get enough people out to vote.”Almost as quickly, Republicans began to point their fingers back at the president.

They said their party’s loss of control of both the House and Senate, its worst midterm showing in decades, was the direct result of a series of choices the president had made in the year leading up to the election.

They cited Mr. Trump’s tariff policies. They pointed to his decision to take the country to an unpopular war in Iran that drove up prices. And they questioned his political instincts, arguing that he had imperiled his party’s chances by supporting weak candidates and going on an unconvincing tour in the final weeks of the campaign.

“Trump has almost dared Americans to vote against him,” said Jason Roe, a Republican strategist in Michigan, adding that the president had closed the midterm campaign on a “greatest hits tour on every annoying thing that could be done to aggravate the American people.”

Mr. Roe said Mr. Trump’s analysis of the results was “ridiculous,” adding a profanity, and said the president was “the engineer of the Republican collapse.”The recriminations opened a new and difficult chapter for Republicans, who faced defeat in states where they had decades-long winning streaks. Some Republicans defended Mr. Trump, while others urged the party to move on from him, raising questions about how much influence the president will have in his party during his final two years in office.

By Wednesday morning, Mr. Trump’s vice president, JD Vance, had a diagnosis for his party’s midterm failures — and it was not that Mr. Trump was not on the ballot.

“The reason we lost is the war,” Mr. Vance, who is considering a run for president in 2028 and initially cautioned Mr. Trump against military intervention in Iran, wrote on social media. He added that “everyone knows why we lost” and that “any honest conversation about where we go from here must start there.”

Representative Don Bacon, a Nebraska Republican from a battleground district who did not run for re-election, dismissed Mr. Trump’s analysis of his party’s defeats as “nonsense.”“This is all about him,” Mr. Bacon said.

The “No. 1 reason” for Republicans’ showing was the president’s unpopularity, Mr. Bacon argued, followed by the president’s decision to back what the congressman said were feeble candidates in key Senate races: Ken Paxton, the scandal-plagued G.O.P. nominee in Texas, and Senator Darline Graham of South Carolina, a political novice who has filled the seat of her brother, the late Senator Lindsey Graham, and then ran for a full term to replace him.

“We lost the Senate race in South Carolina for Pete’s sake,” Mr. Bacon said. “He pushed bad people forward.”Brinker Harding, the Republican who was thumped in the Nebraska district that Mr. Bacon has represented for the last decade, said he would not comment on Mr. Trump’s assertion that Republicans lost because he wasn’t on ballot. But he offered his own list of reasons.

“Gas prices are high,” Mr. Harding said. “The tariffs have been an issue.”Republican leaders had a muted reaction to their party’s grim night.

Senator John Thune of South Dakota, the majority leader, issued a 177-word statement that celebrated what he said were Republicans’ successes during the first two years of Mr. Trump’s second term.

“Thankfully, we still have President Trump in the White House, and we’ll work with him to stop the worst impulses of Democrat extremism,” he said. He did not cite any causes for his party’s dismal showing.

The House speaker, Representative Mike Johnson of Louisiana, who saw his party swept out of House control and will lose his gavel by next year, was more forceful in his defense of the president, saying that Democrats “truly do have Trump derangement syndrome.”But election results across the country showed that Democrats had drawn voters to their side, even in reliably Republican states like Kansas, Iowa and Texas. On Fox News, Mr. Trump said some voters simply “didn’t like the candidates.”

“Some of the candidates that I endorsed fought me,” Mr. Trump said, adding that his base voters “didn’t like that they fought me.”In Iowa, the Trump-endorsed Senate nominee, Representative Ashley Hinson, sought to overcome the political headwinds posed by the economy by calling for an end to the Iran war and criticizing the president’s tariff policies. The Trump-endorsed Senate nominee in Michigan, former Representative Mike Rogers, took a similar approach.

Both Republicans fell. But Mr. Paxton, Mr. Trump’s choice in Texas, appeared to lose by an even wider margin after seeking little space from the president.

Dick Wadhams, a Republican consultant in Colorado, said Mr. Trump’s comments were “ironic.”Most of the candidates who lost key Senate races in conservative states, Mr. Wadhams said, were recruited by or endorsed by the president. Voters in those states, Mr. Wadhams said, were making a statement against Mr. Trump.

“This was not a pro-Democratic vote,” Mr. Wadhams said. “This was an anti-Trump vote.”In Ohio, supporters of Senator Jon Husted, a Republican who fell to the Democratic former Senator Sherrod Brown, traced the party’s losses to the president.

“We pushed the envelope too far,” Luis Gio, a 59-year-old court translator, said at the Husted watch party, pointing disapprovingly to the president’s construction projects in Washington. “The White House ballroom. I mean, why push things like that when the country needs more important things?”And in Oklahoma City, Mayor David Holt, a Republican, wrote on social media that his party was “morally and intellectually bankrupt,” adding, “It is now time to make America good again,” a twist on Mr. Trump’s signature slogan. He said his party’s performance was a singular failing of the president.

“I can’t think of a midterm that is more directly tied to a single person and their utter failure,” Mr. Holt, who worked in the George W. Bush administration, said in an interview. “It feels like an entire country coming together and saying: Enough.”

Craig Shirley, who was a White House aide under Ronald Reagan and has written books about him and Mr. Trump, called the midterms a “black eye for the Republican Party.”He said he believed that Republicans would continue to rally around Mr. Trump and his policies on border security and taxes. But he said the war in Iran had clearly taken a toll on Republican candidates.

“Absent the war, the results would have been a lot different,” he said. “A lot of people like Trump, but they don’t like this damn war and what it’s done to inflation and gasoline prices and diesel prices.”Jon Fleischman, the former executive director of California Republican Party, said that in the end the president was on the ballot, in a sense. Voters were angry about the economy under Mr. Trump and fed up with the war in Iran, Mr. Fleischman said.

“They can’t show their frustration directly to the president,” he said, “so they shared their frustration with the president’s party.”Taylor Robinson contributed reporting. Michael Levenson covers breaking news for The Times from New York.