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得克萨斯州新当选民主党州长伊诺霍萨誓言撤销她所称的分裂性政策Texas’s new Democratic governor Hinojosa vows to undo policies she calls divisive

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当选得克萨斯州长吉娜·希诺霍萨(中)周四在奥斯汀举行新闻发布会。(埃里克·盖伊/美联社)Texas Governor-elect Gina Hinojosa, center, holds a news conference in Austin on Thursday. (Eric Gay/AP)

吉娜·伊诺霍萨表示,她希望自己的议程能获得两党支持,尽管一些共和党议员正在她上任前设法阻挠她。

Gina Hinojosa said she hopes her agenda will receive bipartisan support, even as some Republican legislators maneuver to block her before she takes office.

奥斯汀——德克萨斯州首位拉美裔州长承诺,将摒弃她所说的几十年来一直定义这个深红州政治的极端党派偏见。但她也明确表示,决心迅速撤销前任的许多举措。

AUSTIN — Texas’s first Latina governor pledged to abandon the extreme partisanship that she said has defined politics in this deeply red state for decades. But she has also made clear her determination to quickly undo many of her predecessor’s initiatives.

在周四的一场吹风会上,与前任共和党州长格雷格·阿博特不同,吉娜·伊诺霍萨用英语和西班牙语回答了提问。她表示,自己已经与阿博特交谈过,后者“态度温和”,并向她保证将“全力配合”权力交迭。

At a Thursday briefing where — unlike her predecessor, GOP Gov. Greg Abbott — she answered questions in English and Spanish, Gina Hinojosa said she had spoken with Abbott, who was “gracious” and assured her he would “fully cooperate” with the transition.

伊诺霍萨在距离议会大厦仅数英里的德克萨斯大学发表了上述言论。在接下来的两个月里,共和党人将继续掌控该州的所有公职。“人们已经厌倦了分裂、争斗和文化战争。现在是时候以一种真正为德克萨斯州人民谋福祉的方式团结起来了,”她说。

“People are tired of the divisions, of the fighting, of the culture wars. This is the time to come together in a way that is about just delivering for the people of Texas,” Hinojosa said at the University of Texas, just miles from the Capitol where for the next two months Republicans retain control of every state office.

民主党人夺下了所有的全州公职和德克萨斯州众议院控制权。但共和党人仍然在州参议院占多数,他们可以在新任民主党副州长维基·古德温上任前通过修改规则来剥夺其议程设定权力,从而在1月议会复会时有效地阻止民主党的优先立法。

Democrats flipped every statewide office and the Texas House. But Republicans still hold a majority in the state Senate where they can change rules to strip the new Democratic lieutenant governor, Vikki Goodwin, of agenda-setting powers before she takes office and effectively block Democrats’ priority legislation when the legislature reconvenes in January.

现年52岁的伊诺霍萨表示,她希望共和党人与她合作,而不是与她对抗:“德克萨斯州人民已经发声了。我认为,作为民选领导人,我们必须尊重德克萨斯州人民的意愿,这一点很重要。”她说:“他们想要改变。我希望民选领导人不要从中阻挠。”

Hinojosa, 52, said she hopes Republicans work with, not against, her: “The people of Texas have spoken. I think it’s important as elected leaders that we respect what the people of Texas have said.”“They want change. And I would hope the elected leaders don’t get in the way,” she said.

作为近四十年来首位入主得克萨斯州州长官邸的民主党人,伊诺霍萨面临着一项惊人的待办事项清单,其中大部分内容集中在撤销共和党在医疗保健、食品和能源成本、公立学校、公共土地以及数据中心方面的政策。

As the first Democrat to take the Texas governor’s mansion in almost four decades, Hinojosa faces a staggering to-do list, much of it focused on undoing GOP policies on health care, grocery and energy costs, public schools, public lands and data centers.

在竞选期间,Hinojosa承诺在得州宣布“高成本紧急状态”,并通过行政命令暂停州内汽油和柴油税,冻结电力价格。

On the campaign trail, Hinojosa promised to declare a “high-cost emergency” in Texas and use executive orders to suspend state gas and diesel taxes and freeze electricity rates.

Hinojosa还在她就职第一天承诺,宣布对数据中心实施停摆,并解雇州教育局局长,这位软件开发人员扩大了州对当地学区的接管,并导致学生表现下降。

Hinojosa also vowed on her first day in office to declare a moratorium on data centers and to fire the state superintendent of schools, a software developer who has expanded state takeovers of local school districts and overseen a decline in student performance.

Hinojosa表示,她计划扩大医疗补助(奥巴马医保法的一项条款,允许州将医疗补助覆盖范围扩展至几乎所有低收入成年人),全额资助公立学校,包括教师加薪,结束对休斯顿等学区的州接管,取消阿博特的学校券计划,并向每个得州家庭发放1,500美元。

Hinojosa has said she plans to expand Medicaid (a provision of the Affordable Care Act that allows states to extend Medicaid health coverage to nearly all low-income adults), fully fund public schools including teacher raises, end state takeovers of school districts such as Houston, dismantle Abbott’s school voucher program and give every Texas household $1,500.

她在周四预测,这些优先事项有望赢得立法机构中共和党人的支持,她以此指向来自南得州的前州众议员埃里斯特·贝利斯,后者她曾邀请加入她的团队。

She predicted on Thursday those priorities could win support from Republicans in the legislature, pointing to a Republican former state representative, Ernest Bailes from South Texas, whom she had invited to join her team.

“我相信Gina,我相信我们一定能为得州做好事。我们会把党派争论摆在一边,”贝利斯说。

“I believe in Gina and I have faith that we will be able to do good things for the state of Texas. We will put partisanship aside,” Bailes said.

Hinojosa指出,她与众议院议员、当选总检察长纳森·约翰逊以及当选审计长萨拉·埃克哈特等参议员在立法机构期间曾共同工作,她认为“还有很多问题我的好盟友是共和党人”。但她也可以在没有共和党支持的情况下行动,得益于众议院议员以及她曾共事的参议员。

Hinojosa noted that they had worked together in the legislature on education issues and that “There are lots of issues where my good allies are Republicans.”But there’s also a lot Hinojosa could do without Republican support, aided by lawmakers in the House, Attorney General-elect Nathan Johnson and Comptroller-elect Sarah Eckhardt, state senators whom Hinojosa has worked with. Democrats took the Texas House with a comfortable margin, and are soon expected to elect a Democratic speaker and majority leader who can work in tandem with Hinojosa.

民主党在得州众议院拥有稳固的多数,不久将选举产生民主党议长和多数党领袖,能够与Hinojosa协同工作。新任州长也可以单方面行动,但她愿意走到何种程度仍不明朗。

The new governor could also act unilaterally, although it’s not clear how far she’s willing to go.

阿博特使用行政命令、紧急行动、灾难声明、任命、特别立法会议和否决权的频率超过以往任何一位州长,且经常以此来对抗倾向更自由派的城市和县。

Abbott used executive orders, emergency actions, disaster declarations, appointments, special legislative sessions and vetoes more than any previous governor, often to counter more liberal cities and counties.

他一再延长南部边境的紧急状态声明,以推进耗资数十亿美元的“孤星行动”,尽管自第二届特朗普政府上台以来,移民越境人数已降至历史最低点。此举与其他行政命令和灾难声明一起,使阿博特得以调拨资金、暂停规章制度并授予无需招标的合同。并且,他下令州执法部门协助联邦移民特工执行特朗普政府的镇压行动。

He repeatedly renewed an emergency declaration at the southern border for the multibillion dollar Operation Lone Star, despite the number of migrant crossings dropping to record lows since the start of the second Trump administration. That move, along with other executive orders and disaster declarations, allowed Abbott to shift funds, pause regulations and award no-bid contracts. And he ordered the state law enforcement to assist federal immigration agents with the Trump administration’s crackdown.

伊诺霍萨在竞选期间大体上避免卷入文化战争,称她更愿意将重点放在钱包问题上。她曾表示,对抗得克萨斯州共和党移民措施的最佳场所是道德讲坛和法院。在获胜演讲中,她拒绝了共和党的一党执政。

Hinojosa largely avoided being drawn into the culture war during her campaign, saying that she preferred to focus on pocketbook issues. She has said the best place to fight the Texas GOP’s immigration measures is the bully pulpit and courts. In her victory speech, she rejected the GOP’s single party rule.

“这个州长办公室不属于我,也不属于我的党派。我们结束一个一党执政的时代,绝不是为了迎来另一个,”她说。

“This governor’s office does not belong to me, it does not belong to my party. We did not end one era of single party rule just to usher in another,” she said.

但正如阿博特曾与共和党总检察长肯·帕克斯顿合作限制堕胎和LGBTQ+权益一样,伊诺霍萨可以与约翰逊合作捍卫这些权益——最直接的方式就是撤销帕克斯顿留下的未决诉讼。

But just as Abbott worked with GOP Attorney General Ken Paxton to restrict abortion and LGBTQ+ rights, Hinojosa could work with Johnson to defend those rights — most immediately by dropping lawsuits Paxton will leave pending.

约翰逊曾表示,他将撤销帕克斯顿今年对得克萨斯州一家提供邮购堕胎药诊所提起的诉讼,并且他不会执行针对得州跨性别者的公共洗手间限制规定。

Johnson has said he will drop a lawsuit Paxton filed this year against a clinic that provides abortion medication by mail in Texas, and that he will not enforce restrictions on public restrooms for transgender Texans.

约翰逊在当选后接受采访时说:“民主党人面临着我们30年来从未遇到过的事情:执政。民主党人需要把工作做好,并善于宣传我们取得的成就。”他表示,要“用公职人员取代空谈家”。民主党人还将获得得克萨斯州法院的支持,包括得克萨斯州最高法院首次出现女性占多数和女性首席大法官,并在刑事上诉法院占据多数席位。

“Democrats are faced with something we haven’t faced in 30 years: Governance. Democrats need to do well and communicate well about what we’ve done,” Johnson said in an interview after his election, to “replace ideologues with public servants.”Democrats will also have the Texas courts on their side, including a first-ever female majority and chief justice of the Texas Supreme Court and a majority on the Court of Criminal Appeals.

但一些共和党议员已经敦促同僚在未来10周内采取行动,以限制民主党人的影响力。

But some Republican lawmakers have already urged their colleagues to take action within the next 10 weeks to limit Democrats’ reach.

北得克萨斯州众议员布赖恩·哈里森是一名右翼社会保守派人士。选举结束后,他在X平台上发布了一份请愿书,敦促阿博特在伊诺霍萨宣誓就职之前召开特别立法会议,以“约束行政紧急权力”。哈里森表示,他曾在议会与伊诺霍萨共事,其间听到她表达对阿博特行政举措的反对。

North Texas state Rep. Brian Harrison, a right-wing social conservative, posted a petition on X after the election urging Abbott to call a special legislative session before Hinojosa is sworn in “to rein in executive emergency powers.”Harrison said he worked with Hinojosa in the legislature, where he heard her express opposition to Abbott’s executive actions.

他在接受采访时说:“如果她想推行民主党政策,她最好遵守得克萨斯州宪法,将政策提交给议会审议。”“我们应该利用一切可用工具来保护自由、保护得克萨斯人。”但来自休斯敦的资深共和党得克萨斯州参议员保罗·贝滕科特表示,他并不知道共和党人有什么协调一致的计划,要剥夺新任副州长作为参议院议长的权力。

“If she wants to pursue Democrat policies, she better follow the Texas Constitution and put that before the legislature,” he said in an interview. “We should use every tool we have to protect the freedom and liberty and Texans.”But veteran GOP Texas Sen. Paul Bettencourt of Houston said he was not aware of coordinated plans by Republicans to strip the new lieutenant governor of her powers as Senate president.

贝滕科特表示,他曾建议同僚:“在人民通过选举把古德温女士推上这个位置之后,再试图从她手中夺走参议院议长的权力,是不明智的。”

Bettencourt said he advised colleagues, “It would be unwise to go and try to rip the president’s powers away from Ms. Goodwin after an election where the people put her there.”

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