
参议员查尔斯·舒默是一位被困在21世纪国会中的20世纪政治家。
Senator Charles Schumer is a 20th-century politician trapped in a 21st-century Congress.
这对75岁的纽约州民主党人来说应当是个负担,他正准备第二次担任美国参议院多数党领袖。在中期选举的压倒性胜利中,共和党被赶下台,舒默的党团至少拥有54个席位,可能多达56个,其中包括年轻且不安分的成员——新晋立法者怀揣各种野心,对传统的议会礼节缺乏耐心。一些民主党参议员当选人专注于改革医疗保健;另一些人则决心推翻美国外交政策,或着手移民改革。
That should be a liability for the 75-year-old New York Democrat as he readies for a second sojourn as the US Senate majority leader. Schumer’s caucus, at least 54 and possibly 56 seats strong after the midterm-election landslide that swept Republicans from power, features the young and the restless — rookie lawmakers with an array of ambitions and little patience for traditional parliamentary niceties. Some Democratic senators-elect are fixated on overhauling healthcare; others are bent on upending American foreign policy or taking on immigration reform.
一旦党团内进步派与务实派之间不可避免的分歧出现,舒默处理这些问题的处境必将变得更加棘手。缅因州的特洛伊·杰克逊支持“全民医保”;南卡罗来纳州的安妮·安德鲁斯反对它。伊利诺伊州的朱莉娅·斯特拉顿希望废除移民与海关执法局(ICE);得克萨斯州的詹姆斯·塔拉里科希望遏制该机构的过度行为。密歇根州的阿卜杜勒·埃尔赛德希望切断美国对以色列的支持;堪萨斯州的亚当·汉密尔顿支持华盛顿—耶路撒冷同盟。还有调查唐纳德·特朗普总统的问题。
Navigating those issues is sure to get dicier for Schumer once the inevitable disagreements arise between progressives and pragmatists in his caucus. Maine’s Troy Jackson backs “Medicare for All”; South Carolina’s Annie Andrews opposes it. Illinois’ Julia Stratton wants to abolish Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE); Texas’ James Talarico wants to curb the agency’s excesses. Michigan’s Abdul El-Sayed wants to cut off US support for Israel; Kansas’ Adam Hamilton backs the Washington-Jerusalem alliance. And then there’s the matter of investigating President Donald Trump.
来自舒默新多数党内部以及外部——众议院民主党、自由派活动家和该党2028年总统竞选者——的压力将不断增大,要求利用国会权力,像艾略特·内斯追捕阿尔·卡彭一样热忱地调查特朗普政府腐败的指控。参议院国土安全与政府事务委员会的主席可以随时发出传票,可能会扮演重要角色。“请律师吧,”加利福尼亚州民主党众议员罗伯特·加西亚在周二民主党赢得众议院多数席位后发表的两字声明中说道。他将担任众议院监督与政府改革委员会主席。
From inside Schumer’s new majority and from the outside — House Democrats, liberal activists and the party’s 2028 contenders — pressure will mount to harness congressional power to probe allegations of the Trump administration’s corruption as zealously as Eliot Ness pursued Al Capone. The Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee, whose chairs can issue subpoenas at will, could figure prominently. “Lawyer up,” Representative Robert Garcia, the California Democrat set to become chairman of the House Oversight and Government Reform Committee, said in a two-word statement after Democrats captured a majority in the chamber Tuesday. But going that route, and concentrating too much on divisive partisan priorities, risks alienating voters.
但走这条路,并且过于集中在分裂性的党派优先事项上,有疏远选民的风险。他们想要一个能与总统合作的正常运作的国会——这在分裂政府中是必要的——并且首先专注于降低居高不下的生活成本。特朗普和即将卸任的共和党控制的参议院和众议院本月发现了当沮丧的选民感到被背叛和被忽视时会发生什么。
They want a functional Congress that works with the president — a necessity in divided government — and focuses first and foremost on reducing the stubbornly high cost of living. Trump and the outgoing Republican-controlled Senate and House of Representatives found out this month what happens when frustrated voters feel betrayed and ignored. In a bit of irony, Schumer’s longevity (50 years in elected office, 45 years on Capitol Hill) and his all-politics-is-local approach make him uniquely suited to lead a Democratic caucus infused with youthful outsiders through this modern, all-politics-is-national era.
颇具讽刺意味的是,舒默的资历(50年民选公职生涯,45年在国会山)和他“一切政治都是地方性的”做法,使他特别适合在这个现代“一切政治都是全国性的”时代,领导一个充满年轻局外人的民主党党团。这是一个布满捕蝇草的荆棘丛,除其他危险外,还常常诱使政客们相信有线新闻和社交媒体上表达的小众观点是受欢迎的。正如在舒默参议员职业生涯早期曾为他工作的民主党操盘手吉姆·凯斯勒提醒我的那样:他的老上司每年走访纽约州全部62个县——并且坚持使用翻盖手机。
It’s a thicket of Venus flytraps that, among other hazards, often fools politicians into believing niche opinions voiced on cable news and social media are popular. As Jim Kessler, a Democratic operative who worked for Schumer early in the senator’s career, reminded me: His old boss visits all 62 New York counties every year — and insists on using a flip-phone. That keeps Schumer in touch with, if you will, real America.
可以说,这使舒默与真实的美国保持联系。尽管近年来选民支持率有所下降,但他通过为构成一个远不止纽约市的州的、政治多元的各类选民和社区解决餐桌上的关切,在家乡不断赢得连任。这并不是说这位参议员不是一个教条式的左派。而是他明白许多选民并非如此,而且无论如何,他们更看重自己的生活质量,而不是常常吞噬华盛顿的意识形态争斗和政治报复。
He has kept winning back home, despite a decline in voter support in recent years, by delivering on kitchen-table concerns for a politically diverse range of constituents and communities that comprise a state that is so much more than New York City. It’s not that the senator isn’t a dogmatic lefty. It’s that he understands many voters aren’t, and that regardless, they value their quality of life over the ideological battles and political retribution that often consumes Washington. “Schumer is famously not online; it’s a choice to not be dragged down in the whirlpool of online discourse which can be distracting and distorting,” said Kessler, now executive vice president for policy at Third Way, a centrist Democratic think tank.
“舒默出了名地不上网;这是一种选择,为的是不被网络言论的漩涡拖下水,那会让人分心,也会扭曲判断,”现为中间派民主党智库“第三条道路”负责政策事务的执行副总裁凯斯勒说。“他刻意选择去接触现实;并且即便身为参议院领袖,最终仍要做一名直面选民的零售型政治家。”舒默似乎明白前方的挑战。“重担在我们身上,必须拿出成果,”他本周在接受MS NOW《早安乔》节目采访时说。
“He’s made a deliberate choice to touch grass; and to remain, even as leader of the Senate, ultimately a retail politician." Schumer appears to understand the challenge ahead. “The burden’s on us to produce,” he said this week, during an interview on MS NOW’s Morning Joe.
“我们的头号焦点就是美国人民会告诉我们属于头号的事:生活成本。”共和党人会辩称,舒默很久以前就向党内的进步派屈服,以保住自己的领导职位。他们的说法有一定道理。例如,这位参议员近来加大了对以色列的批评。但他组建起来的多数派——包括他亲自招募的候选人——很难说是一支佛蒙特州独立派参议员、民主社会主义者伯尼·桑德斯所偏爱的那种“红军”。
“The No. 1 focus for us is what the American people would tell us is No. 1: costs.”Republicans will argue that Schumer long ago buckled to the progressives in his party to hang on to his leadership post. There’s some truth to their characterization. For instance, the senator has lately ratcheted up criticism of Israel. But the majority he’s assembled, including candidates he recruited personally, hardly resembles a red army that democratic socialist Senator Bernie Sanders, a Vermont independent, would prefer.
艾奥瓦州民主党人、当选参议员乔什·图雷克因宣称将在关键议题上、尤其是边境安全问题上与特朗普合作而获得大量媒体报道。他绝非个例。
Senator-elect Josh Turek, an Iowa Democrat, received a ton of press for declaring he would cooperate with Trump on key issues, particularly border security. He was hardly alone.
已故前国防部长唐纳德·拉姆斯菲尔德或许会称之为“已知的未知”:舒默是否有毅力抵挡左翼民主党人。他们很可能会抱怨——在那些争相在社交媒体上博取关注的、自私自利的民主党总统候选人怂恿下——对特朗普政府的调查不够强硬,旨在压低通胀的立法过于胆怯,同时要求拿出一份与多数选民意见相左的、大胆的进步派政策愿望清单。
The “known unknown,” as the late former Defense Secretary Donald Rumsfeld might describe it, is whether Schumer will have the fortitude to resist left-wing Democrats. They’re likely to complain — egged on by self-serving Democratic presidential candidates competing for attention on social media — that investigations into the Trump administration are insufficiently aggressive, that legislation aimed at shrinking inflation is too timid while demanding a bold wishlist of progressive policies at odds with a majority of voters.
也许舒默会通过解释这并非他第一次经历此事,并且他曾身处共和党人11月3日所经历的局面的另一侧,来安抚其党团中预期会出现的反叛浪潮。二十年前,作为参议院民主党竞选委员会主席,舒默帮助其党通过在2006年和2008年的选举中翻转14个共和党人持有的席位,使其党获得了接近能够阻挠议事的多数席位。两年后的一次中期选举中,由于选民感到被时任总统贝拉克·奥巴马和国会民主党人忽视,其中一半的得失席位化为乌有。又过了四年,剩下的也都没了。这假设舒默已经吸取了他亲身经历的教训。
Perhaps Schumer will assuage the predictable rise of rebels in his caucus by explaining that this isn’t his first rodeo and he’s been on the other side of what Republicans experienced Nov. 3. Twenty years ago, as chairman of the Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee, Schumer helped lead his party to a near-filibuster-proof majority by flipping 14 Republican-held seats in the 2006 and 2008 elections. In a midterm two years later, with voters feeling ignored by President Barack Obama and congressional Democrats, half of those gains went poof. Four years later, so did the rest. That’s assuming Schumer has learned the lessons of his lived experience.