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“人们很积极,他们受够了”:年轻选民推动了民主党浪潮‘People are active, they are fed up’: young voters fueled the Democratic wave

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“这是我人生中第一次看到一个外貌和所代表的价值观……与我一致的候选人。”合成图片:由乔丹·科古德、莎拉·约翰、薇薇安·威尔逊和阿曼达·查帕提供‘For the first time in my life, I got to see a candidate that looked and represented the same values … that I have.’ Composite: Courtesy of Jordan korgood, Sarah John, Vivian Wilson and Amanda Chapa

2026年的“蓝色海啸”在很大程度上归功于青年选民的投票。根据塔夫茨大学公民学习与参与信息研究中心(Circle)的数据,该中心监测青年公民参与情况,早期估计显示,这是30年来青年选民在中期选举中的第二高投票率,仅次于2018年,当时唐纳德·特朗普首个总统任期内,估计有31%的青年选民投了票。

The 2026 blue tsunami owes a lot to the youth vote.

虽然45岁以上选民在两党之间大致平分秋色,但18至29岁的选民以35个百分点的优势支持国会民主党候选人,这种优势跨越了种族、性别、族裔和教育程度。拉丁裔青年在2024年以微弱多数支持特朗普;今年,他们以+10至+15的差距投票给民主党。2024年,63%的年轻白人男性支持特朗普;本轮周期,54%投票给民主党。年轻白人女性的效忠对象也较2024年转向民主党,幅度达+15。农村选民从2024年50%支持特朗普转为60%支持民主党候选人。

According to data from Tufts University’s Center for Information & Research on Civic Learning and Engagement (Circle), which monitors youth civic engagement, early estimates show the second-highest youth turnout in a midterm election in 30 years, second only to 2018, when an estimated 31% of young voters turned out during Donald Trump’s first presidency.

这在一定程度上是青年选民投票倾向的回归,在2018年至2022年间的选举中,青年选民以两位数的优势倾向民主党。Circle主任莉拉·斯特朗表示,18至35岁选民+35的倾斜与2018年“蓝色浪潮”期间的情况相似,那次浪潮选出了亚历山德拉·奥卡西奥-科尔特斯等民粹主义民主党人。

While voters over 45 were roughly split between parties, voters ages 18-29 went for congressional Democrats at a 35-point edge, across race, gender, ethnicity, and education levels. Latino youth went for Trump by slim majorities in 2024; this year, they voted Democrat by margins of +10 to +15. 63% of young white men went for Trump in 2024; this cycle, 54% voted Dem. White young women also switched allegiance from 2024 by +15. Rural voters went from 50% voting for Trump in 2024 to 60% supporting Democratic candidates.

斯特朗说:“2024年曾有一个广为流传的说法,专门讲年轻白人男性、以及没有正规大学经历的人群发生了转向。现在,尽管我们是在拿中期选举跟大选做比较,但我们看到这些人口群体正大规模转回支持民主党。”据斯特朗透露,数据甚至表明,2024年投票给特朗普的青年中,有15%在本轮周期投票给了民主党众议院候选人。结果如此明朗,以至于共和党公开担忧佛罗里达、佐治亚和南卡罗来纳等州青年选民的高投票率,这些州的青年选民倾向严重偏蓝。

This is something of a return to form for the youth vote, which leaned Democratic by double digits in elections between 2018 and 2022. Indeed, the +35 lean for voters 18-35 parallels that in the 2018 blue wave which elected populist Democrats like Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez, said Leela Strong, the director of Circle.

在关键摇摆州——佛罗里达州、佐治亚州、爱荷华州、缅因州、密歇根州、明尼苏达州、北卡罗来纳州、内布拉斯加州、新罕布什尔州、内华达州、俄亥俄州、宾夕法尼亚州、得克萨斯州和威斯康星州——年轻选民的预估投票率总计为 30%。

“It was such a soundbite for 2024, about the shift of young white men specifically, and folks without formal college experience,” said Strong. “Now, even though we’re comparing a midterm to a presidential, we’re seeing shifts among those demographic groups switching back to Democrats, overwhelmingly so.”According to Strong, the data even suggests that 15% of young people who voted for Trump in 2024 voted for a Democratic House candidate this cycle. The outcome has been so decisive that Republicans are openly fretting over heavily Blue youth vote turnout in states like Florida, Georgia and South Carolina.

“我投票是因为在我这个工薪阶层、移民聚居的社区,家庭不敢出门、不敢开车上班、不敢去学校接孩子,”26 岁、在迈阿密工作的艺术家莫蒂科·莫拉莱斯说。她表示,家人因合法入籍途径受阻、面临被遣送第三国的威胁,遭受了“真实的身体和心理冲击”。她对国会民主党人“让移民与海关执法局(ICE)承担责任、扭转有害立法”持“谨慎乐观”态度。

In battleground states – Florida, Georgia, Iowa, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, North Carolina, Nebraska, New Hampshire, Nevada, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Texas, and Wisconsin – the estimated youth turnout was, in aggregate, 30%.

“这是我一生中第一次看到一位长相像我、代表着我所认同的里奥格兰德河谷价值观的候选人,”来自得克萨斯州里奥格兰德城、刚毕业的大学生兼社区组织者阿曼达·查帕(22 岁)谈到吉娜·伊诺霍萨时说。根据 NBC News 对出口民调的分析,这位当选州长在 18 至 29 岁选民中获得了 77% 的支持率。2024 年,特朗普在得克萨斯州与墨西哥边境的斯塔尔县(里奥格兰德城即位于此)以超过 70 个百分点的优势反转了该县;今年,尽管面临投票障碍,选民又以超过 70 个百分点的优势将其反转回来。

“I voted because in my working-class, immigrant neighborhood, families are afraid to go outside, drive to work or pick up their kid from school,” said Motyko Morales, 26, an artist in Miami, who says her family members have experienced “real physical and psychological impact” over attacks on legal routes to citizenship and the threat of third-country deportations. She’s “cautiously optimistic” that congressional Democrats will “hold ICE accountable and reverse course on harmful legislation”.

略超过一半的年轻选民将经济和就业列为首要关切,其次依次为医疗保健、伊朗局势、移民、教育和气候。查帕最关心的议题是恢复被削减的医疗补助(Medicaid)资金,以及对抗 ICE 和“我们社区成员遭受的残酷对待”。

“For the first time in my life, I got to see a candidate that looked [like] and represented the same values of the Rio Grande Valley that I have,” said Amanda Chapa, 22, a recent college graduate and community organizer from Rio Grande City, Texas, of Gina Hinojosa. The governor-elect won 77% of voters 18-29, based on exit polling analysis from NBC News. In 2024, Trump flipped Starr county on the Texas-Mexico border – where Rio Grande City is located – by over 70 points; this year, despite navigating barriers to the polls, voters flipped it back by over 70 points.

来自洛杉矶的 26 岁法学院学生莎拉·约翰表示,她对民主党有批评,但亲眼目睹了特朗普时期 ICE 在洛杉矶突袭行动的影响(至今仍在持续),她坚信自己投反对共和党的一票能够产生影响。周四,洛杉矶选出了首位民主社会主义市长尼蒂亚·拉曼——这使得美国三大城市中已有两座由民主社会主义者执政。

Just over half of young voters ranked the economy and jobs as their top priority, followed by healthcare, Iran, immigration, education and the climate. Chapa’s top issues were reinstating cut funding to Medicaid and fighting ICE and the “brutalization of our community members”.

这种热情甚至蔓延到了没有激烈联邦竞选的州。27岁的Patrick Schranck在波特兰经营一家独立电影院,他说自己“如今更倾向于认同独立人士”,并积极参与当地的美国民主社会主义者(DSA)分会活动。周二晚上,他在波特兰DSA的选举之夜派对上庆祝该组织的三名市议员成功连任。

Sarah John, 26, a law student from Los Angeles, said she’s critical of Democrats, but having witnessed the impacts of Trump’s ICE raids in LA (still being felt), she strongly believed her vote against Republicans would make a difference. On Thursday, Los Angeles elected its first democratic socialist mayor, Nithya Raman – making two of the country’s three biggest cities now run by democratic socialists.

Schranck对国会民主党人利用新获得的多数席位“解决所有问题”的能力仍持怀疑态度,但他表示:“我只是很高兴看到共和党失利,看到更多社会主义者和进步派在全国范围内当选。”对波士顿的24岁选民Jordan Korgood来说,参加这次选举具有特别的个人意义。这位马萨诸塞州的性健康教育工作者对公民参与充满热情,甚至申请竞选一个负责监督法官任命的州委员会席位。

The enthusiasm even reached states without competitive federal races. Patrick Schranck, 27, who manages an independent movie theater in Portland, “identif[ies] more as an independent these days” and is active in his local Democratic Socialists of America (DSA) chapter.

但她的对手——一位连任41年的现任者——以技术性理由让Korgood被取消了参选资格:因为她2023年上大学时曾流浪几个月,对方辩称她不符合五年居住要求。

He spent Tuesday night at Portland DSA’s election night party celebrating the re-election of their three city councilmembers.

Korgood表示:“投票是我仍能以有意义的方式参与选举政治的最直接、最迅捷的途径。”她最关心的议题是保护第一修正案权利和跨性别者权利。无论马萨诸塞州有谁竞选连任,她都认为这很有必要,“在法西斯分子试图限制或压制我作为跨性别女性的权利、且这类人同时身处红州和蓝州的公职位置上的时候”。

Schranck remains skeptical of congressional Democrats’ ability to “fix everything” with their newfound majorities, but, he said: “I’m just glad to see the Republicans lose and see more socialists and progressives get elected nationally.”For Jordan Korgood, 24, of Boston, voting in this election was especially personal. The Massachusetts sexual health educator feels so passionately about civic engagement that she filed to run for a state board seat overseeing judicial appointments. But her 41-year incumbent opponent had Korgood tossed from the race on a technicality: Because she was homeless for a few months while in college in 2023, her opponent argued she could not meet the five-year residency requirement.

年轻选民在一定程度上被认为助推了特朗普在 2024 年的胜利,尽管不足一半的合资格年轻选民投票,未达到 2020 年 50% 的投票率。许多人因美国为以色列在加沙的军事行动提供资金,以及学校和民选官员决定将数千名抗议学生定罪,而选择不参加选举。他们还觉得民主党未能针对共和党的主张提供有力的反制方案,反而向中间靠拢。

“Voting was the most immediate and direct way I could still engage with electoral politics in a meaningful way,” said Korgood, whose biggest issues were protecting the first amendment and trans rights. Regardless of who was up for re-election in Massachusetts, she said it felt necessary “at a time when fascists who seek to limit or repress my rights as a trans woman are seated in office in both red states and blue states alike”.

一年后的迹象显示,75% 的纽约市 18 至 29 岁选民选择了民主社会主义者扎赫兰·马姆达尼担任市长,根据 Circle 的统计,这构成了他在所有年龄组中“最强的支持者群体”。政治评论员和全国党魁认为,像他这样的美国民主社会主义者(DSA)竞选活动只能在纽约市获胜。

Young people were credited in part with powering Trump’s 2024 win, though just under half of eligible young voters turned out, not hitting the 50% turnout achieved in 2020. Plenty chose to sit out the election over US funding for Israel’s assault in Gaza, as well as the decision by both schools and elected officials to criminalize students in the thousands for protesting it. They also felt that the Democratic party had failed to offer a strong counter to what Republicans had on offer, instead tacking to the center.

26 岁的伊丽丝·乔希负责进步校园项目“更完美的大学”,过去几个月她在全国各地的大学校园举办了多场“学生对决亿万富翁市政厅会议”,邀请了周二大获全胜的许多进步派候选人。该项目今年春天启动时,乔希对《纽约时报》表示,这在一定程度上旨在作为“美国转折点”(TPUSA)的进步派对立面,后者的校园影响力在查理·柯克遇刺后的这一年里不断扩大。她辩称,TPUSA“拒绝为工人阶级议题发声”,而年轻选民渴望能为这些议题发声的候选人。

In a sign of things to come, a year later, 75% of New York City voters 18-29 chose democratic socialist Zohran Mamdani as the city’s mayor, forming “his strongest supporter [bloc] out of all age groups” in the election tally, according to Circle. Political commentators and national party leaders argued a DSA campaign like his could only win in New York City.

像密歇根州的阿卜杜勒·埃尔-赛义德这样的候选人——他的竞选口号是“让金钱退出政治,把钱装进你的口袋,并通过全民医保”,且拒绝在跨性别女孩参加体育比赛的问题上妥协——正处于乔希等人所称的“蓝色海啸”前沿。

Twenty-six-year-old Elise Joshi runs the progressive campus program More Perfect University and has spent the last several months hosting many of the progressive candidates that won big Tuesday at “Students vs. Billionaires Town Halls” on college campuses across the country. When the program launched this spring, Joshi told the New York Times that it was intended in part as a progressive counterpoint to Turning Point USA, whose existing campus presence has expanded in the year since Charlie Kirk’s killing. She argued that TPUSA “refus[es] to champion working-class issues”, and that youth voters were desperate for candidates who would.

“我们去过佛罗里达州、缅因州、北卡罗来纳州,每一次我都看到了年轻人的热情——这不仅仅是对某位特定候选人的热情:学生们对他们面临的问题以及这些问题的解决方案非常好奇,[涉及]从医疗保健到经济问题再到跨性别者权利,”乔希说。“年轻人很活跃,他们对企业贪婪和华盛顿的腐败感到厌倦,已准备好以各种可能的方式真正参与政治。”

Candidates like Michigan’s Abdul El-Sayed – whose campaign slogan was “get money out of politics, put money in your pocket, and pass Medicare for All,” and who refused to compromise on trans girls in sports – are at the forefront of what Joshi and others are calling a blue tsunami.

无论身处何地,承诺变革并成功当选的候选人中,不乏年轻人自己,比如 29 岁的新当选科罗拉多州联邦众议员梅拉特·基罗斯,她击败了一位连任 15 届的现任议员;许多人是美国民主社会主义者组织的候选人。本周,罗德岛州普罗维登斯市选出了史上最年轻的市长:28 岁的民主社会主义者大卫·莫拉莱斯。同一天,该市成为全美最大的通过投票支持“撤资涉嫌种族灭绝共谋公司”的城市,该行动由“为巴勒斯坦的普罗维登斯”运动组织。

“We’ve been in Florida, Maine, North Carolina, and I’ve seen the youth enthusiasm every single time – and not just enthusiasm for a specific candidate: Students who are very inquisitive about the issues and the solutions to those issues they’re dealing with, [from] from healthcare to economic issues to trans rights,” said Joshi. “Young people are active, they are fed up with corporate greed and corruption from Washington, and are ready to be really engaged in politics in all the ways you can be.”More than a few of the successful candidates promising change, regardless of location, are young people themselves, like Melat Kiros, 29, the newly elected Colorado congresswoman who defeated a 15-term incumbent; many are DSA candidates. This week, Providence, Rhode Island, elected its youngest-ever mayor: 28-year-old David Morales, a democratic socialist. That same day, the city became the largest in the United States to vote in support of divesting from “companies complicit in genocide”, organized by the Providence for Palestine campaign.

在全球青年反抗政府腐败并通过选举夺取权力的时期,这在一定程度上回应了那些质疑美国何时会出现青年反抗的人。这也是对共和党巨额竞选开支的有力回击。仅埃隆·马斯克就花费近 5 亿美元支持共和党并攻击得克萨斯州的詹姆斯·塔拉里科等候选人,尤其是在跨性别议题上。塔拉里科随后在 18 至 29 岁选民中以近 50 个百分点的优势获胜。

In a period of global youth uprising against government corruption and seizing power in elections, it’s a partial answer to anyone questioning when America might see its youth in revolt. It’s also a rebuke to a tremendous amount of Republican campaign spending. Elon Musk alone spent nearly half a billion dollars backing Republicans and attacking candidates like Texas’s James Talarico, especially on trans issues. Talarico went on to win voters ages 18-29 by nearly 50 points.

“在油价高企、招聘冻结的情况下,共和党唯一给出的解决方案就是用偏见蒙蔽双眼、选个神祈祷——而且必须是基督教的神,否则不行,”模特薇薇安·威尔逊(Vivian Wilson)说,这位22岁的年轻人自青少年时期出柜为跨性别者后,便与父亲马斯克在经济上独立。“在‘跨性别儿童妖魔化’广告上花费数亿美元,让选民感觉自己被居高临下地说教或被无视——事实确实如此——而不是关注任何实实在在的变革政策。”

“With the price of gas what it is alongside a hiring freeze, the only solution offered by the Republican party was to blind yourself with bigotry and pick a God and pray – except it has to be the Christian one, or else,” said model Vivian Wilson, 22, who has been financially independent from Musk, her father, since she came out as trans as a teenager. “Spending hundreds of millions of dollars on ‘trans kids boogieman’ ads makes voters feel like they’re being talked down to or ignored – which they were – rather than focusing on any actual tangible policy for change.”

她认为,在经济危机、对伊朗战争、对以色列军事支持、移民与海关执法局(ICE)突袭搜捕,以及“共和党候选人已知的性不端行为”面前,年轻人投票给民主党只是合乎逻辑的选择。

She sees youth turnout for Democrats as only logical amid economic crisis, war on Iran, military support for Israel, ICE raids, and “the known sexual misconduct of Republican candidates”.

威尔逊补充道:“这口棺材里钉了这么多钉子,简直变成了忒修斯之船式的局面。”青年气候组织“日出运动”的竞选总监基杜斯·吉尔马(Kidus Girma)说:“我们感觉棒极了。”该组织2018年因在时任众议长南希·佩洛西办公室与新当选的奥卡西奥-科尔特斯一起静坐抗议、推动“绿色新政”而崭露头角。本周,在“日出运动”支持下,该运动联合创始人之一、36岁的威尔·劳伦斯(Will Lawrence)在密歇根州赢得了选举。

Wilson added: “There have been so many nails placed in this coffin that it’s turning into a Theseus’ ship kind of situation.”“We feel fantastic,” said Kidus Girma, campaigns director for the Sunrise Movement, the youth climate organization that burst on to the scene in 2018 with a sit-in for the Green New Deal in then-Speaker Nancy Pelosi’s office alongside newly elected Ocasio-Cortez. This week, one of the movement’s cofounders, Will Lawrence, 36, won his race in Michigan, with Sunrise’s support.

乔希和吉尔马明确表示:这不是“投蓝不投谁”。党内仍有许多权力核心人物,组织者觉得他们在非选举年根本不听取年轻人的诉求,可到了需要青年投票率助力选举时又离不开他们。

Joshi and Girma are clear: It’s not “vote blue, no matter who.”There are plenty of power players still in the party who organizers feel didn’t listen to them outside election years, when they need them to power youth turnout.

下一步:让这些新当选者——以及民主党——负责。周四,威尔逊在其Instagram账号发文,支持美国年轻左翼日益高涨的呼声,要求拒绝参议员查克·舒默和众议员哈基姆·杰弗里斯在新一届国会担任领导职务。到周六,Change.org上一份要求罢免杰弗里斯领导职务的请愿书已获得超过一百万个签名。

Up next: Holding these new electeds – and the Democratic party – accountable. On Thursday, Wilson posted to her Instagram account backing a rising call from the US young left to reject Senator Chuck Schumer and congressman Hakeem Jeffries for leadership positions in the new Congress. By Saturday, a Change.org petition calling for Jeffries’ leadership ouster had attracted more than a million signatures.

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