意大利总理焦尔吉娅·梅洛尼所在联盟的一位关键人物警告说，梅洛尼针对离开意大利的富人征税的提议必须修改，以免打击投资者。
Meloni’s push to tax wealthy people leaving Italy must be altered to not dissuade investors, a key figure in the prime minister’s coalition warned.
“原则是正确的。在意大利创造的财富必须在意大利纳税。但我们已经研究过这项提案，它绝对必须加以修正，”梅洛尼的联盟伙伴意大利力量党的参议院领袖斯特凡尼娅·克拉克西在接受彭博新闻社播客节目《权力不曾言说之事》即将播出的一期采访时说。“我们正在拟定修正案，因为它不能给人留下一种阻碍投资的征税印象，”她补充说。
“The principle is correct. Wealth generated in Italy must be taxed in Italy. But we have looked at the proposal, and it must absolutely be corrected,” Stefania Craxi, the Senate leader of Meloni’s coalition partner Forza Italia, told Bloomberg News in an upcoming episode of the podcast “Quello che il potere non dice.”“We’re working on amendments because it must not come across as a levy that discourages investment,” she added.
梅洛尼最新的预算提案包含一项退出税，规定当金融资产超过80万欧元（约合90.068万美元）的人将税务居所迁往国外时，对其未实现资本利得征收26%的税。这项税收每年可能只会带来几百万欧元的收入，是梅洛尼在明年大选前争取对物价上涨感到愤怒的选民的努力的一部分。但它也可能打乱一场持续多年的行动，即以优惠的税收方案来拉拢富人。
Meloni’s latest budget proposal includes an exit tax featuring a 26% levy on unrealized capital gains when people with more than €800,000 ($900,680) in financial assets move their tax residence abroad. The tax, which would likely only yield a few million euros annually, is part of Meloni’s attempt to woo voters angry over rising prices before next year’s election. But it also risks upending a multi-year campaign to court the rich with favorable tax schemes.
中右翼、亲商的意大利力量党与民族主义的联盟党以及梅洛尼的右翼意大利兄弟党联合执政，该党历来反对任何增税，包括梅洛尼今年对银行和能源公司征收的税款。梅洛尼表示，她将利用这些增税措施来降低中产阶级和年轻纳税人的税率。
Center-right and business-friendly Forza Italia, which governs alongside the nationalist League and Meloni’s right-wing Brothers of Italy, has traditionally opposed any tax increases, including those Meloni placed on banks and energy companies this year. Meloni has said she will use those tax hikes to cut rates for middle-class and younger taxpayers.
尽管意大利的税收负担近年来有所上升，但克拉克西表示，这是由于就业人数和企业税收增加，包括来自那些“你们指责我们加以保护的”银行的税收。“实际上，税收已经减少了330亿欧元，”她说，指的是她的政府执政的时期。梅洛尼于2022年当选。这一数字梅洛尼也曾引用过，但事实核查机构批评其缺乏足够的背景信息。
While Italy’s tax burden has increased in recent years, Craxi said this is due to higher employment figures and corporate taxes, including from the banks that “you accuse us of protecting.”“In reality, taxes have gone down by €33 billion,” she said, referring to the period in which her government has been in power. Meloni was elected in 2022. The figure, which Meloni has also cited, has been criticized by fact checkers for lacking enough context.
克拉西是已故贝蒂诺·克拉西的女儿。贝蒂诺·克拉西是一名社会主义者，也是意大利二战后任职时间最长的领导人之一。他最终被判腐败罪成——他本人否认这些指控——并在流亡突尼斯期间去世。
Craxi is the daughter of the late Bettino Craxi, a socialist who was one of Italy’s longest-serving post-World War II leaders. He was ultimately found guilty of corruption — charges he denied — and died in exile in Tunisia.
在梅洛尼治下，意大利通过统一税率制度和对技术型外国工人的税收减免，努力吸引超级富豪。英国提高高净值人士税率，尤其让意大利从中受益。
Under Meloni, Italy has worked to attract ultra-wealthy individuals through a flat-tax regime and tax breaks for skilled foreign workers. It has particularly benefited from the UK hiking rates on high net-worth individuals.
但近几个月来，随着通胀飙升至5.6%、能源成本跳涨、工资停滞，氛围已经转变。上周五，大规模的生活成本抗议使从罗马到米兰的主要城市交通瘫痪。
But the mood has shifted in recent months as inflation soars to 5.6%, energy costs jump and wages stagnate. Last Friday, mass cost-of-living protests snarled major cities from Rome to Milan.
意大利工会和反对派表示，梅洛尼的退出税和其他拟议措施不足以解决这个问题。
Italian unions and the opposition have said Meloni’s exit tax and other proposed measures are not enough to address the issue.
退出税很可能会在议会审议过程中被修改，它将适用于过去10年中有6年身处意大利的人。该税还有一些漏洞：在欧盟内部迁移，或迁往与罗马签有协议的国家的人，可以推迟缴纳该税，先缴纳50%，如果其持股在5至10年内没有出售，这笔预缴款将予以退还。
The exit tax, which is likely to be amended as it goes through parliament, would apply to people who have been in the country for six of the previous 10 years. It also has some loopholes: Those moving either within the European Union or to a country with an agreement with Rome could defer the levy, paying a 50% advance that would be refunded if their holdings aren’t sold within five to 10 years.
政府预计明年将从该税获得340万欧元收入，随后四年将增至每年670万欧元，长期而言将再次降至340万欧元。
The government expects to raise €3.4 million next year from the tax, which would then increase to €6.7 million per year in the next four years and fall again to €3.4 million in the long run.
邻国法国对价值超过80万欧元的股票和证券征收类似的退出税，而西班牙对价值超过400万欧元的投资征收退出税。美国的一项征税措施影响价值超过200万美元、选择放弃公民身份或永久居留权的人。
Neighboring France has a similar exit tax on shares and securities worth more than €800,000, while Spain has one on investments worth more than €4 million. A US levy affects people worth more than $2 million if they chose to give up citizenship or permanent residency.