国会拥有巨大的民主党多数。六个新的民主党“三权合一”州和州长席位。五位新的民主党州总检察长。至少545个额外的州立法机构席位。
A huge Democratic majority in Congress. Six new Democratic state trifectas and governorship s. Five new Democratic attorneys general. At least 545 additional state legislative seats.
生殖权利领袖们在过去一周里一直试图理解这场民主党海啸的巨大规模，以及它如何重塑全国堕胎权格局。
Reproductive rights leaders have spent the past week trying to wrap their heads around the enormity of the Democratic tsunami and how it could reshape the national abortion-rights landscape.
在罗诉韦德案终结后生殖权利受到严重限制的州，新上任的民主党州长和立法者可以废除堕胎限制，将新的保护措施写入法律，并致力于在州宪法中确立生殖自由。民主党州总检察长可以停止执行那些威胁要起诉堕胎服务提供者和协助者的严苛法律，并拒绝将妊娠丢失定为犯罪的努力。
In states that have seen reproductive access drastically curtailed since the end of Roe v. Wade , newly empowered Democratic governors and lawmakers could repeal abortion restrictions, codify new protections, and work toward enshrining reproductive freedom in state constitutions. Democratic attorneys general could stop enforcing draconian laws that threaten abortion providers and helpers with prosecution and reject efforts to criminalize pregnancy loss.
在国会，即使唐纳德·特朗普在白宫，民主党也将拥有巨大的新权力，通过联邦堕胎权法案，收回对医疗补助和医疗保健资金的削减，并阻止反堕胎联邦法官和极右翼内阁提名人的确认。他们可以利用预算调和程序，试图废除已有50年历史的海德修正案，该修正案禁止联邦资金用于堕胎——这是生殖权利运动最珍视的优先事项之一。
In Congress, even with Donald Trump in the White House, Democrats will have vast new powers to pass federal abortion-rights bills, claw back cuts to Medicaid and healthcare funding, and block confirmation of anti-abortion federal judges and far-right cabinet nominees. They could use the budget reconciliation process to try to eliminate the 50-year-old Hyde Amendment , which bans federal funding for abortion—one of the repro-rights movement’s most cherished priorities.
而在特朗普很可能试图挫败这些努力的情况下，他们可以利用他预期的否决权，在2028年选举中攻击共和党人。加州大学戴维斯分校堕胎历史学家玛丽·齐格勒表示，民主党有机会将堕胎和生殖健康作为一项突破性议题，“以他们以前无法做到的方式”。“如果人们想要这种立法，而唯一阻碍它发生的是谁在白宫——这是一个很好的竞选信息。”
And in the likely event Trump tried to thwart these efforts, they could use his expected vetoes to attack Republicans in the 2028 elections. Democrats have an opportunity to make abortion and reproductive health a breakthrough issue “in a way they haven’t been able to before,” says abortion historian Mary Ziegler of the University of California, Davis. “If people want this kind of legislation, and the only thing preventing it from happening is who’s in the White House—that’s a good campaign message.”
莫妮卡·辛普森是开创性的生殖正义组织“姐妹之歌”（SisterSong）的执行主任，在选举后几天飞回亚特兰大时，她才意识到自己的世界变化有多大。“当我在机场走动时，我意识到，‘哦，天哪，我回到了一个不同的佐治亚州’”——在那里，民主党翻转了州众议院，并赢得了选票上的所有州级职务。八位获胜者中的七位——从当选州长基莎·兰斯·巴特姆斯到新任司法部长塔尼娅·米勒，再到即将上任的保险专员基莎·肖恩·韦特斯——都是黑人女性。
Monica Simpson, executive director of the pioneering reproductive justice group SisterSong , realized just how much her world has changed when she flew home to Atlanta a few days after the election. “When I was walking through the airport, I realized, ‘Oh, snap, I’m coming back to a different Georgia’”—one in which Democrats flipped the state House and took every statewide office on the ballot. Seven out of the eight winners—from Gov.-elect Keisha Lance Bottoms to new Attorney General Tanya Miller to incoming Insurance Commissioner Keisha Sean Waites —are Black women.
兰斯·巴特姆斯几乎立即承诺解决该州的孕产妇健康危机，包括扩大医疗补助计划，并努力废除一项对黑人母亲致命的六周堕胎禁令。
Almost immediately, Lance Bottoms pledged to tackle the state’s maternal health crisis, including expanding Medicaid and working to repeal a six-week abortion ban that has been deadly for Black mothers.
“这是一个以新的方式思考我们如何开展工作的机会，更具远见、想象力和创新性，去[帮助]我们的社区。”
“Here is an opportunity for a new way of thinking about how we do our work, to be more visionary and imaginative and innovative about [helping] our community.”
现在，辛普森和她的同行倡导者不再与保守派政客对抗，而是可以开始推进旨在抵消数十年来预算削减和对基本医疗保健攻击的政策。“这是一个以新的方式思考我们如何开展工作的机会，”辛普森说，“更具远见、想象力和创新性，去[帮助]我们的社区”——这与堕胎权团体在南方长期以来的“非常反应性、防御性立场”完全相反。
Now, instead of fighting with conservative politicians, Simpson and her fellow advocates can start advancing policies aimed at counteracting decades of slashed budgets and attacks on basic healthcare. “Here is an opportunity for a new way of thinking about how we do our work,” Simpson says, “to be more visionary and imaginative and innovative about [helping] our community”—the complete opposite of the “very reactionary, defensive position” that’s been the norm for abortion rights groups in the South.
在其他长期由保守派控制的州，生殖权利领袖们也在经历类似的兴奋——以及难以置信的感觉。“我是德克萨斯州本地人，只要我会读书，我就从未生活在蓝州，”阿沃德德克萨斯（Avow Texas）首席执行官雷文·E·弗里伯恩说，该堕胎权非营利组织是众多为民主党浪潮而努力的团体之一，这股浪潮让詹姆斯·塔拉里科当选美国参议员，让吉娜·希诺霍萨入主州长官邸。“对我来说，这真是，哇。”
Repro leaders in other states long controlled by conservatives are grappling with similar feelings of excitement—and disbelief. “I’m a native Texan, and as long as I’ve been able to read, I’ve never lived in a blue state,” says Raven E. Freeborn, CEO of the abortion rights nonprofit Avow Texas, one of many groups that worked for the Democratic wave that elected James Talarico to the US Senate and Gina Hinojosa to the governor’s mansion. “And so, for me, this is, wow. ”
即便是生殖权利运动中最坚定的乐观主义者，也没有预见到这一时刻。“如果有人告诉你他们为此做过计划，他们预料到了——那是胡说八道，”Mini Timmaraju，Reproductive Freedom for All组织的总裁兼首席执行官，在一次“堕胎每日”直播中表示。她并非在抱怨：“选民给出了明确的授权，要求生殖自由多数派在选票上下提供保护，”她本周在一次新闻发布会上表示。“民主党必须大胆行事，让共和党人表明立场，如果他们反对绝大多数选民支持的保护措施。”
It’s a moment that not even the most determined optimists in the repro rights movement saw coming. “If anyone tells you they planned for this, they expected it—they’re full of shit,” Mini Timmaraju, president and CEO of Reproductive Freedom for All, said on an Abortion Every Day livestream . Not that she’s complaining: “Voters delivered an unmistakable mandate for reproductive freedom majorities to deliver protections up and down the ballot,” she said at a press briefing this week. “Democrats must be bold and put Republicans on the record if they stand against the protections that an overwhelming majority of voters support.”
当然，中期选举中最大的惊喜来自德克萨斯州。这个制定了全国最激进的反堕胎政策的州，从州长到州最高法院再到众议院，全面支持了支持选择权的民主党人。即使是仍由共和党控制的州参议院，也将有一位新的民主党领袖协助制定其议程，即当选副州长Vikki Goodwin。（被Goodwin击败的反堕胎强硬派现任者Dan Patrick，正敦促共和党人剥夺她的权力，这些权力使他成为全国最有权势的副州长之一。）
The biggest surprise of the midterms, of course, came in Texas . The state that has enacted the most radical anti-abortion policies in the country went for pro-choice Democrats up and down the ballot, from the governorship to the supreme court to the House of Representatives. Even the state Senate, which remains under Republican control, will have a new Democratic leader helping to shape its agenda, Lt. Gov.-elect Vikki Goodwin. (Incumbent Dan Patrick, the anti-abortion hardliner Goodwin defeated, is urging Republicans to strip her of the powers that have made him one of the most powerful lieutenant governors in the country.)
在赢得选举的第二天，即将就任的德克萨斯州总检察长Nathan Johnson宣布，他将停止起诉向该州寄送堕胎药片的州外堕胎服务提供者——终止了其前任、参议院选举失败的候选人Ken Paxton执着推行的做法。Johnson批评了那些使帮助他人获得医疗服务成为非法的地方“堕胎贩运”条例，预计他将让德克萨斯州退出针对计划生育协会和美国食品药品监督管理局的联邦诉讼，这些诉讼涉及堕胎药米非司酮。
The day after winning his race, incoming Texas attorney general Nathan Johnson announced he would stop suing out-of-state abortion providers for sending abortion pills to the state—ending a practice that his predecessor, failed Senate candidate Ken Paxton, obsessively pursued. Johnson criticized the spread of local “abortion trafficking” ordinances that make it illegal to help someone access care, and he’s expected to pull the state out of federal lawsuits against Planned Parenthood and the Food and Drug Administration over the abortion drug mifepristone.
“我无法告诉你这有多么强大和重要，因为肯·帕克斯顿基本上是从德克萨斯州总检察长办公室为反堕胎运动运营一家律所，”蒂玛拉朱说。“这是一个巨大的转变。”
“I cannot tell you how powerful and important this is, given that Ken Paxton was essentially running the law firm for the anti-abortion movement out of the Texas attorney general’s office,” Timmaraju says. “This is a huge sea change.”
在堪萨斯州，总检察长克里斯·科巴赫——他在投票权、移民以及堕胎问题上的极端观点使他成为MAGA英雄——败给了一名声称对文化战争毫无兴趣的前检察官。民主党人克里斯·曼的当选很可能意味着堪萨斯州参与另一项挑战美国食品药品监督管理局对米非司酮批准和监管的联邦诉讼已经结束。
In Kansas, Attorney General Kris Kobach—whose extreme views on voting rights and immigration as well as abortion made him a MAGA hero—lost to an ex-prosecutor who claims zero interest in the culture wars. The election of Democrat Chris Mann likely means that Kansas’s participation in yet another federal lawsui t challenging the FDA’s approval and regulation of mifepristone is over.
新的州“三合一”局面为民主党扩大生殖保健获取提供了最大的机会。在宾夕法尼亚州和威斯康星州，州长乔什·夏皮罗和当选州长大卫·克劳利承诺利用完全控制州政府所带来的权力，将堕胎权利法典化，并确立宪法保护。在密歇根州和亚利桑那州，新的“三合一”局面将使落实2022年和2024年通过的堕胎投票倡议的承诺成为可能，这些倡议此前被共和党立法者阻止全面实施。
New state trifectas offer the biggest opportunities for Democrats to expand acces to reproductive care. In Pennsylvania and Wisconsin, Gov. Josh Shapiro and Gov.-elect David Crowley have promised to use the powers that come with full control of state government to codify abortion rights and enshrine constitutional protections. In Michigan and Arizona , new trifectas will make it possible to fulfill the promise of abortion ballot measures that passed in 2022 and 2024 but were blocked from being fully implemented by Republican lawmakers.
即使在共和党仍牢牢掌控的州，民主党的进步也可能产生实际影响。在至少六个州，民主党打破了共和党在一个或两个立法院中的超级多数，为阻挠反堕胎法案创造了新机会——在俄亥俄州和爱荷华州的情况下，还增强了新当选民主党州长的力量。
Even in states where Republicans remain firmly in charge, Democratic gains could have real impact. In at least six states, Democrats cracked GOP supermajorities in one or both legislative chambers, creating new opportunities to thwart anti-abortion bills—and in the case of Ohio and Iowa , strengthening the hands of newly elected Democratic governors.
“这是一次大胆变革的选举，”生殖正义组织“全面超越一切”主席努尔贝丝·弗林特说。“在各州推动[立法]存在前所未有的机会。即使在存在共同治理的地方，也创造了一个全新的世界，因为此前共和党能够在不与任何人交谈的情况下[通过]政策，而现在他们可能会被阻止，必须回到谈判桌前。”
“This was a bold-change election,” says Nourbese Flint, president of the reproductive justice group All* Above Al l. “There is an opportunity to move [legislation] in the states in ways that have not happened before. Even in places where there is shared governance, that creates a whole new world, because where before, Republicans were able to [pass] policies without talking to anybody, now they can get blocked on it, they have to come back to the negotiating table.”
这也是一个充满新风险的时刻。生殖权利领袖们正准备迎接特朗普政府官员变得更加强硬，这些官员此前曾试图将堕胎问题作为中期选举议题加以化解。“一旦中期选举结束，真正进入跛脚鸭时期，”一位不愿透露姓名的保守派人士上个月对《华盛顿太阳报》说，“我们听说他们将会放开手脚。”例如，外界普遍预计FDA将试图打压堕胎药，而司法部则可能试图重启《康斯托克法》。这部维多利亚时代的淫秽法如果得到执行，将等同于全国性的堕胎禁令。
It’s also a moment full of new perils. Reproductive rights leaders are bracing for Trump administration officials, who tried to defuse abortion as a midterms issue, to start becoming more aggressive. “Once the midterms are over and it’s truly lame-duck time,” one unnamed conservative told the Washington Sun last month, “we’ve heard the gloves will be off.”The FDA, for example, is widely expected to try to clamp down on abortion pills, while the Justice Department could attempt to revive the Comstock Act , the Victorian-era obscenity law that, if enforced, would amount to a nationwide abortion ban.
但德雷塞尔大学法律学者戴维·科恩表示，任何此类举动都会给特朗普及其政治盟友带来“严重反噬”。自2022年多布斯裁决以来，选民已就全国各地的22项堕胎公投措施进行投票，包括上周在弗吉尼亚州、密苏里州和内华达州的3项，支持选择权的一方赢得了全部票数的60%。科恩说：“这是相当有说服力的证据，表明美国人民希望拥有堕胎权。换成任何其他60比40的投票结果，我们都会称之为压倒性胜利。”
But any such move would result in “serious blowback” for Trump and his political allies, says Drexel University legal scholar David Cohen. Since the Dobbs decision in 2022, voters have weighed in on 22 abortion ballot measures around the country, including three in Virginia , Missouri , and Nevada last week, with the pro-choice side winning 60 percent of all votes. “It’s pretty compelling evidence that the American people want abortion rights,” Cohen says. “Any other 60-40 vote we would say was a landslide.”
自多布斯裁决以来，我们如今已有22项全州范围的堕胎公投倡议。美国人民已经发出了声音：—David S. Cohen (@dsc250.bsky.social) 2026-11-04T15:42:34.024Z尽管如此，随着斯蒂芬·米勒被提升为特朗普的白宫幕僚长、托德·布兰奇执掌司法部，堕胎权利组织正致力于加固他们的防火墙。美国全国堕胎联合会总裁兼首席执行官布列塔尼·丰特诺说：“只要特朗普掌握行政权和否决权，我们要做的工作就多于庆祝。未来两年将是关键时期，需要为一种能够带来真正而持久的生殖自由的治理权力做好准备。”
We have now had 22 statewide abortion ballot initiatives since Dobbs. The American people have spoken: —David S. Cohen (@dsc250.bsky.social) 2026-11-04T15:42:34.024Z Still, with Stephen Miller elevated to Trump’s chief of staff and Todd Blanche in charge at the DOJ, abortion-rights groups are intent on fortifying their firewalls. “As long as Trump holds executive and veto powers, we have more work than celebrating to do,” says Brittany Fonteno, president and CEO of the National Abortion Federation. “The next two years will be a critical time to prepare for the kind of governing power that will deliver real and lasting reproductive freedom.”
除了特朗普政府的政策，All Above* All的弗林特表示，民主党面临的最大风险之一——无论是在国会还是在各州，无论是在生殖权利还是其他问题上——就是没有做足够的工作来解决那些促使许多人投票给蓝党的现实问题。
Aside from Trump administration policies, All Above* All’s Flint says, one of the biggest risks that Democrats face—in Congress and the states, on reproductive rights and other issues—is not doing enough to address the real-world problems that drove so many people to vote blue.
“对于所有想着‘好吧，我们只是要回到过去常态’的当选官员来说，这是一个危险的先例，”她说。“如果我们从[这次选举]中应该得到什么，那就是人们渴望——我几乎可以说是迫切地渴望——看到真正的改变，看到他们的领导人为与过去不同的东西而奋斗。”
“For all of the elected officials that are thinking, ‘Well, we’re just going to go back to things as usual,’ that is a dangerous precedent,” she says. “If we should take anything from [this election], it’s that people are hungry—and I would say almost desperate—to have actual change and to see [their leaders] fighting for something that is different than what we’ve had.”
“如果人们觉得，他们出来投票，而他们的生活变得更糟了，”她补充道，“我无法想象2028年将会出现怎样的反弹。”
“If folks feel like, they came out to vote and their lives got worse,” she adds, “I cannot imagine the backlash that is going to happen in 2028.”