吉尔·劳利斯、萨姆·麦克尼尔 都柏林报道 —— 欧洲国家正寻求一名特使代表它们参与结束俄乌战争的谈判，担心美国主导的进程会将它们边缘化，让莫斯科和华盛顿决定这场动荡欧洲大陆的冲突命运。
JILL LAWLESS, SAM McNEIL DUBLIN — European nations are seeking an envoy to represent them in talks on ending the Russia-Ukraine war, concerned that a U.S.-backed process will leave them sidelined as Moscow and Washington decide the fate of a conflict that has roiled the continent.
这27国欧盟的领导人周五在都柏林举行峰会。特使应为单一个人还是多人、人选可能是谁，目前正在讨论中。高级欧盟官员和政界人士被提名，但尚未形成共识。
Whether that should be one individual or more and who it might be is being debated as leaders from the 27-nation European Union meet Friday at a summit in Dublin. Senior EU officials and politicians have been suggested, but there is not yet a consensus. What the job might entail is also unclear and contested.
该职位具体包含什么也尚不明确且存在争议。但从英国到乌克兰的各国政府普遍同意，欧洲有必要参与莫斯科、基辅和华盛顿正在进行的谈判。
But there is broad agreement by governments from the U.K. to Ukraine on the need for Europe to join the ongoing negotiations involving Moscow, Kyiv and Washington . Ukraine is eager for backup from its European allies, as it’s reluctant to leave the talks solely in the hands of a U.S. administration that has often seemed to lean toward Moscow’s views.
乌克兰渴望欧洲盟友的支持，因为它不愿将谈判完全交给一个似乎经常倾向莫斯科观点的美国政府。俄罗斯不希望欧洲国家参与直接谈判，抱怨它们为乌克兰的军事行动提供资金和物资。
Russia does not want European countries involved in direct negotiations, complaining they are financing and supplying Ukraine’s military effort. And the Europeans do not trust U.S. President Donald Trump to negotiate on their behalf after a series of tense standoffs over trade, Greenland and conflicts in Iran and Ukraine.
在贸易、格陵兰岛以及伊朗和乌克兰冲突等一系列紧张对峙后，欧洲人不信任美国总统特朗普代表他们进行谈判。
“Without Europeans, there is no support for Ukraine,” French President Emmanuel Macron said at the European Political Community meeting in Dublin on Thursday.
“没有欧洲人，就没有对乌克兰的支持，”法国总统马克龙周四在都柏林举行的欧洲政治共同体会议上说。“也没有美国的支持了。”他说：“归根结底，我们将是作为欧洲人定义并决定我们未来安全的人。”
“There is no more U.S. support.”“At the end of the day, we will be the ones to define and decide for our future security as Europeans,” he said. European leaders fear Russian President Vladimir Putin will press Trump to back a peace settlement that weakens not just Ukraine but broader European security.
欧洲领导人担心，俄罗斯总统普京会施压特朗普支持一项和平协议，不仅削弱乌克兰，也削弱更广泛的欧洲安全。普京要求北约军队从俄罗斯边境撤回，且不得在乌克兰部署欧洲军队。
Putin has demanded NATO troops be pulled back from Russia’s borders and that no European forces be deployed in Ukraine. British Prime Minister Andy Burnham rejected the idea that Europe was being sidelined during peace negotiations, saying “there are European voices in the room.”
英国首相安迪·伯纳姆否认了欧洲在和平谈判中被边缘化的说法，表示“谈判桌上有欧洲的声音”。“我今天与之交谈的所有领导人都决心，作为这一切的一部分，在乌克兰总统弗拉基米尔·泽连斯基周围筑起一道‘钢铁防线’，全力支持他，而这正是我们将要做的，”他说。
“All the leaders I’ve spoken to today are determined to put a bit of a ring of steel around Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy as part of all of this to back him up to the hilt, and that’s what we will do,” he said. As envoys from Washington, Moscow and Kyiv met in Abu Dhabi, several European countries, including the U.K., France and Germany, attended discussions nearby.
随着来自华盛顿、莫斯科和基辅的特使在阿布扎比会晤，包括英国、法国和德国在内的几个欧洲国家在附近参加了讨论。
Supporters of a single envoy, like Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni, argue that their absence has let individual countries or small groups engage in freelance diplomacy.
支持设立单一特使的人士，如意大利总理焦尔吉娅·梅洛尼，认为他们的缺席让个别国家或小团体得以从事自由式外交。“讨论这一问题的不同集团太多了，”她说。
“There are too many different groupings discussing the issue,” she said. Meloni has criticized a series of seemingly uncoordinated initiatives, including a call to Putin by Finnish President Alexander Stubb and Norwegian Prime Minister Jonas Gahr Støre, that she said could undermine European interests.
梅洛尼批评了一系列看似缺乏协调的举措，包括芬兰总统亚历山大·斯图布和挪威首相约纳斯·加尔·斯特勒致电普京，她表示这些举动可能损害欧洲利益。
She has increasingly pushed the idea of a common EU representative for Europe to speak with “a single, authoritative voice” and requested a decision by Friday in Dublin to be formalized in December in coordination with non-EU partners in Europe like Britain and Norway.
她越来越大力推动设立欧盟共同代表的想法，以便欧洲能用“单一、权威的声音”发言，并要求周五在都柏林做出决定，以便于12月与英国、挪威等欧洲非欧盟伙伴协调正式确立。
Irish Prime Minister Micheál Martin said that “Europe has to have a coherent negotiating price at the table, but it’s not just the European Union” and called for “a wider European continent perspective” that includes the U.K., Norway, Canada and others.
爱尔兰总理米霍尔·马丁表示，“欧洲必须在谈判桌上拥有一个连贯的议价筹码，但这不仅仅是欧盟”，并呼吁采取“更广泛的欧洲大陆视角”，其中包括英国、挪威、加拿大和其他国家。
Kremlin spokesperson Dmitry Peskov argued that for Europe to join peace talks, it first must name a representative.
克里姆林宫发言人德米特里·佩斯科夫辩称，欧洲要想参加和谈，首先必须指定一名代表。“欧洲人像瓮中之鳖般争吵不休。如果有人主动与俄方建立联系，这些人就会遭到排斥。”谁代表欧洲是一个老问题。欧洲本身定义模糊。是27国的欧盟，还是由以欧洲国家为主的32国北约军事同盟，抑或是29国申根区，亦或是47国欧洲政治共同体？这在过去和现在都让华盛顿感到沮丧。
“The Europeans squabble like spiders in a jar. If someone takes the initiative to establish contact with the Russian side, those people face ostracism.”The question of who represents Europe is an old one. Europe itself is loosely defined. Is it the 27-nation EU, the 32-nation NATO military alliance made up mostly of European countries, the 29-nation Schengen zone, or the 47-nation European Political Community? That has frustrated Washington in the past and present.
在本周美国斡旋的乌俄阿联酋会谈后，特使贾里德·库什纳表示，“如果欧洲能确定一个人代表他们发声，那将比让俄罗斯同意将他们纳入谈判更大的成就。”这呼应了一句被错误归因于前美国国务卿亨利·基辛格的名言：“如果我想给欧洲打电话，该给谁打？”法国、德国和英国，作为该地区前三大经济体，统称为欧洲三方或E3，迄今为止一直是参与谈判最积极的欧洲机构。但尽管伦敦深度介入乌克兰事务，它已于2020年退出欧盟。
After this week’s U.S.-brokered talks between Ukraine and Russia in the United Arab Emirates, envoy Jared Kushner said that “if Europe could identify one person to speak on their behalf, that would be a bigger achievement than getting the Russians to include them in the negotiation.”That echoes the famous quote attributed erroneously to former U.S. Secretary of State Henry Kissinger: “Who do I call if I want to call Europe?”France, Germany and the U.K., the region’s top three economies collectively known as the European trio or E3, have so far been the most engaged European body in negotiations. But while London is deeply involved with Ukraine, it left the EU in 2020.
德国总理弗里德里希·默茨周四表示，E3是“一个行之有效的外交模式”。
German Chancellor Friedrich Merz said Thursday that the E3 is “a proven format” for diplomacy.
但E3特使将排除其他25个欧盟国家，并会激怒那些位于集团“东翼”、与俄罗斯和白俄罗斯接壤的小国，这些国家面临持续的混合威胁，包括影响力行动和扰民无人机。
But an E3 envoy would leave out the other 25 EU nations and rankle smaller nations like those that border Russia and Belarus on the bloc’s “eastern flank” which face constant hybrid threats, including influence campaigns and disruptive drones.
一些人支持由一名欧盟高层官员担任此职。然而即使在布鲁塞尔内部，也有两位主要竞争人选：欧洲理事会主席安东尼奥·科斯塔和欧盟外交与安全政策高级代表卡娅·卡拉斯。
Some back a top EU official for the job. Even inside Brussels, however, there are two leading contenders: European Council President Antonio Costa and EU foreign policy chief Kaja Kallas.
科斯塔目前的职责是代表各国领导人。这位葡萄牙前总理在过去一年里大部分时间都在访问集团内各国首都。
Costa’s current role is to represent national leaders. A former prime minister of Portugal, he spent much of the past year visiting capitals across the bloc.
“如果没有欧洲的声音坐在谈判桌前，就无法讨论欧洲安全，”科斯塔周四在都柏林表示。“这种欧洲的声音需要是欧洲国家、欧盟和北约之间的团队合作。”但今年早些时候，科斯塔因其办公室与莫斯科建立了一个秘密的后渠沟通渠道，而在欧盟内部面临批评。曾任爱沙尼亚总理的卡拉斯也有资格争取特使职位。
“European security cannot be discussed without a European voice at the table,” Costa said in Dublin on Thursday. “That European voice needs to be a team effort between European nations, the European Union and NATO.”But earlier this year, Costa faced down criticism within the EU after his office set up a hush-hush backchannel with Moscow . Kallas, a former prime minister of Estonia, could also lay claim to the position of envoy.
她在都柏林表示，E3（英法德三国）代表“大国”，但随后问道：“谁在代表欧盟？”
She said in Dublin that the E3 represents the “big countries” but then asked “who is representing the European Union?”
“美国人代表美国利益。欧洲人代表欧洲利益，”卡拉斯说，并补充称欧盟的基础性条约“非常、非常明确”地规定，她和科斯塔于2024年获任命代表欧盟处理“安全事务”。然而，卡拉斯与美国外交官的交往记录颇为坎坷，因为华盛顿和布鲁塞尔在贸易和乌克兰问题上发生争执。她也承认，她的办公室、欧盟对外行动署和欧盟委员会之间存在问题。
“Americans are representing American interests. Europeans are representing European interests,” Kallas said, adding that the EU’s foundational treaties are “very, very clear” that she and Costa were appointed in 2024 to represent the bloc in “security matters.”Kallas, however, has had a bumpy track record with U.S. diplomats as Washington and Brussels sparred over trade and Ukraine. She’s also acknowledged issues between her office, the EU’s External Action Service, and the Commission.
另一个被提及的名字是芬兰总统斯图布。他与特朗普关系友好，并于10月在奥斯陆会见了美国特使维特科夫和库什纳。一周后，他与挪威首相斯特勒共同致电普京。斯图布周二通过电话与泽连斯基通话。
Another name that has been floated is Stubb, the Finnish president. He has warm relations with Trump and met in Oslo with U.S. envoys Steve Witkoff and Kushner in October. A week after that, he called Putin with Støre, the Norwegian prime minister. Stubb spoke with Zelenskyy by phone on Tuesday.
拉脱维亚总理安德里斯·库尔伯格斯表示，欧洲需要紧迫感，并指出近期发生的网络攻击、纵火案以及德国莱比锡的无人机袭击。
Urgency is needed in Europe, said Latvian Prime Minister Andris Kulbergs, pointing to recent cyberattacks, arson and a drone attack in Leipzig, Germany.
“威胁是真实的，”他说。“我们将看到越来越多、越来越多的此类事件，因为这是他们阻止对乌克兰支持的方式。这就是他们想要达到的目的。”
“The threats are real,” he said. “We’re going to see more and more and more because that’s the way how they can stop the support of Ukraine. That’s what they want to achieve.”