普卡拉，秘鲁——来自秘鲁雨林深处，教皇利奥十四世周日要求为为保护亚马逊而被杀害的环境捍卫者伸张正义，并全力支持原住民阻止其土地遭伐木和非法开采蹂躏的努力。
PUCALLPA, Peru — From deep in the Peruvian rainforest, Pope Leo XIV on Sunday demanded justice for environmental defenders killed for protecting the Amazon and fully backed efforts by Indigenous peoples to stop their lands from being ravaged by logging and illegal exploitation.
在南美洲之旅的倒数第二天，利奥前往秘鲁东北部亚马逊城市普卡拉，阐释了教皇方济各的一项核心教义，即将对最弱势群体的关怀与对上帝创造物的关怀联系起来。
On the penultimate day of his South American odyssey, Leo traveled to the northeastern Peruvian Amazon city of Pucallpa and channelled one of Pope Francis’ core teachings that links care for the most vulnerable with care for God’s creation.
“地球的呐喊与穷人的呐喊密不可分，”利奥在乌卡亚利河畔聚集的原住民代表和传教士面前表示。
“The cry of the earth and the cry of the poor are inseparable,” Leo told Indigenous representatives and missionaries gathered along the Ucayali River.
他说，他来到普卡拉是为了支持他们寻求正义与和平，并提到了环保组织估计的2010年至2024年间环境捍卫者被谋杀的57起案件。
He said he came to Pucallpa to support them in their search for justice and peace and referred to what environmental groups estimate have been 57 murders of environmental defenders between 2010-2024.
“这些兄弟的鲜血向上帝呼喊，并要求正义，”利奥在人群的掌声中表示。
“The blood of these brothers cries out to God and demands justice,” Leo said to applause from the crowd.
除了长期存在的森林砍伐问题，非法黄金开采在亚马逊已成为一项日益有利可图的生意，摧毁森林并污染河流。矿工们使用简易吸泥挖泥机和汞这种有毒金属来提取黄金。
In addition to the decades-long problem of deforestation, illegal gold mining has become an increasingly lucrative business in the Amazon, devastating forests and polluting rivers. Miners use makeshift suction dredges and mercury, a toxic metal, to extract gold.
亚马逊观察组织西部亚马逊项目主任拉斐尔·霍特默表示，世界各地的战争和冲突推高了黄金价格，增加了需求，进而导致亚马逊的开采量增加。“这造成了污染、健康问题和环境退化，”他说。
Raphael Hoetmer, Western Amazon program director at Amazon Watch, said wars and conflicts around the world have contributed to driving up the price of gold, increasing demand that in turn is resulting in more extraction from the Amazon. “It’s causing pollution, health issues, and environmental degradation,” he said.
非法开采还导致森林砍伐，侵犯原住民领土，威胁祖先的土地，并使社区暴露于暴力和有组织犯罪之中。
Illegal mining also drives deforestation and encroaches on Indigenous territories, threatening ancestral lands and exposing communities to violence and organized crime.
利奥在迄今为止最有力的演讲之一中，回应了这些威胁的组合，他引用了自己作为秘鲁主教多年的经验，以及方济各关于环境和原住民困境的持续宣讲。
Leo addressed the combination of threats in one of his most forceful speeches to date, drawing on his years of experience as a Peruvian bishop and Francis’ constant preaching about the environment and the plight of Indigenous groups.
他要求采取一种不同的经济发展模式，这种模式尊重地球以及守护地球的原住民，而不是外部势力的“不负责任的剥削”。
He demanded a different model of economic development that respects the Earth and the Indigenous who care for it rather than the “irresponsible exploitation” by outside actors.
他说：“你们很清楚，无差别砍伐森林、非法采矿和石油泄漏污染河流及其他水体造成了多大的破坏。这些不是孤立的意外，而是不负责任地开发自然资源的后果，这动摇了社区生存的根基。”在秘鲁，大多数针对环境捍卫者的谋杀案未得到惩处；只有极少数案件判了刑。2025年，秘鲁法院维持了对四名木材商判处28年监禁的判决，他们因谋杀四名反对伐木的原住民被定罪，该案审理长达十年。
“You know well the damage caused by indiscriminate deforestation and the pollution of rivers and other waters through illegal mining and oil spills,” he said. “These are not isolated accidents, but the consequences of the irresponsible exploitation of natural resources, which undermines the very existence of communities.”In Peru, most murders of environmental defenders go unpunished; only a few have resulted in convictions.
最近一次定罪是基丘亚族领袖金托·伊努马·阿尔瓦拉多遇害案。2023年，他在圣马丁大区的一条河流上遭遇伏击，被杀手杀害，那片亚马逊领土正是他誓死捍卫的。
In 2025, the Peruvian courts upheld a 28-year prison sentence for four timber merchants for the murder of four Indigenous people who opposed logging, following a trial that lasted a decade. The most recent conviction came in the case of Kichwa leader Quinto Inuma Alvarado, who was murdered in 2023 when he was ambushed by hitmen on a river in the San Martín region, the Amazonian territory he was defending.
8月，法院判处四人最高35年监禁。法院认定，伊努马曾向被告提出投诉以阻止毁林和贩毒等犯罪，而获刑者因他公开反对这些犯罪而密谋杀害他。
In August, a court sentenced four people to up to 35 years in prison. The court found that Inuma had filed a complaint against the defendants to prevent deforestation and other crimes such as drug trafficking, and that those convicted plotted his death because he had spoken out against the crimes.
利奥还提到，在北部亚马逊的孔多尔坎基省，针对阿瓦洪族和瓦皮斯族女学生的性暴力案件显著上升，并抨击这些案件背后的“共谋”、“有罪不罚”和“腐败”。
Leo also referred to a notorious rise in sexual violence against Indigenous Awajún and Wampis schoolgirls in Condorcanqui province in the northern Amazon, and blasted the “complicity,” “impunity” and “corruption” surrounding them.
阿瓦洪族和瓦皮斯族妇女委员会（Comuawuy）记录显示，仅今年1月至7月，该省就发生了370起性暴力案件。
The Awajún and Wampis Women’s Council, or Comuawuy, has recorded 370 cases of sexual violence in the province between January and July alone.
随着女性对正义的持续要求，专门的检察官办公室得以设立，政府也启动了一项预防计划。1月，妇女与弱势群体部宣布判处一名男子32年监禁，罪名是对一名14岁少女实施性暴力。
Following the women’s persistent demands for justice, specialized prosecutors’ offices were created, and the government launched a prevention plan. In January, the Ministry of Women and Vulnerable Populations announced a 32-year prison sentence for a man accused of sexual violence against a 14-year-old girl.
利奥表示，教会对受害者遭受的痛苦“深感关切”，并呼吁治愈、安慰和赔偿。
Leo said the church was “deeply concerned” by the suffering endured by the victims and called for healing, consolation and reparation.
他说：“这种虐待留下了深重的创伤，往往因串通包庇和免于惩罚而更加严重。”“腐败和任意行为破坏了人们对他人基本善良的信任。”利奥在秘鲁的最后一天也是行程最满的一天，他穿梭全国，先后前往安第斯山脉高处的社区牧灵关怀，随后抵达雨林城市普卡尔帕。
“Such abuse leaves deep wounds, often compounded by complicity and impunity,” he said. “Corruption and arbitrary practices undermine the trust in the basic goodness of others.”Leo’s last full day in Peru was also his most ambitious, criss-crossing the nation to minister to communities high in the Andes mountains before he arrived in Pucallpa in the rainforest.
他的第一站是库斯科这座山城，这里曾是印加帝国的首都。在那里，利奥赞扬了传统的民间虔诚表达方式，如游行和宗教节日，认为这是锻造社区凝聚力、传递信仰的有效途径，尤其是对年轻人而言。
His first stop was the mountain city of Cusco, the former capital of the Inca empire. There, Leo praised the traditional expression of popular piety, such as processions and religious festivals, as effective ways of forging community and transmitting the faith, especially to young people.
大批人群挤满了库斯科铺着鹅卵石的街道和中央的武器广场，这座气派的广场四周矗立着融合印加与西班牙殖民风格的建筑。许多人戴着该地区典型的传统安第斯帽和色彩鲜艳的羊毛背心，其他人则穿着塑料雨衣，以抵挡清晨的毛毛雨。
Huge crowds lined Cusco’s cobblestoned streets and packed its central Plaza de Armas, an imposing square decorated with a blend of Inca and Spanish colonial buildings. Many people wore the traditional Andean hats and colorful wool vests typical of the region, while others wore plastic ponchos to guard against a drizzling morning rain.
“一切都值得，”63岁的玛格丽达·萨洛蒙说。她表示自己从玻利维亚苏克雷赶来见教宗，花了约500美元坐大巴、住帐篷、吃路边摊的秘鲁美食。“我还在了解这位教宗，但他来到安第斯山脉这件事意义重大。”此次访问库斯科，海拔3400米（逾1.1万英尺），在利奥上个月刚做完肺癌手术、仍在康复之际，考验着他的体力。利奥在绕行库斯科的部分路程中坐在教宗专车的椅子上，但不清楚这是为了养精蓄锐，还是为了在坎坷路面上保持平稳。
“It is all worth it,” said Margarida Salomon, 63, who said she came from Sucre in Bolivia to see the pontiff, spending about $500 to take a bus, sleep in a tent and eat Peruvian food from stalls. “I am still getting to know this pope, but the fact he is here in the Andes means a lot.”The visit to Cusco, 3,400 meters (more than 11,000 feet) above sea level, tested Leo’s stamina as he continues recovering from lung cancer surgery last month. Leo sat in the chair of his popemobile during part of the ride around Cusco, but it wasn’t clear if that was to preserve his energy or to steady himself on the uneven streets. In general, the 71-year-old Leo has seemed unfazed by the toll of the three-nation South American trip, the longest of his pontificate.
总体而言，71岁的利奥似乎未受这趟为期三国的南美之行——也是他教宗任内最长一次出访——劳累的影响。随行教宗专机的其他人相继生病，而自11月6日行程开始以来，利奥未露虚弱或疲惫之态，反而显得精力充沛，尤其是在其原教区奇克拉约逗留的几天里，见到老友更显精神。
While others traveling on the papal plane have fallen ill, Leo has shown no sign of weakness or fatigue since the trip began Nov. 6, and in fact seemed energized, especially from the days spent in his former diocese of Chiclayo seeing old friends. The Rev.
现年84岁的爱尔兰籍神父彼得·休斯在秘鲁生活逾六十年，他说利奥的行程安排体现了教会对穷人的关怀。
Peter Hughes, an 84-year-old Irish priest who has lived in Peru for more than six decades, said Leo’s itinerary reflected the church’s concern for the poor.
“用拉美的说法，原住民，或是剩下的原住民，是真正代表最贫困群体的最重要集体，”他说。“这正是教宗方济各和教宗利奥等领袖用极具人性化的语言诠释福音、高度重视正义与和平的原因。
“In Latin American terms, the Indigenous peoples, or what is left of them, are the most important collective representing the truly poor,” he said. “That is what makes leaders like Pope Francis and Pope Leo speak the language of the Gospel in very human terms, putting a premium on justice and peace.
“在基督教的正义观里，最重要的人是穷人、边缘群体和无声者，”他说。
“In the Christian sense of justice, the most important people are the poor, the marginalized, and those who have no voice,” he said.