华沙，波兰 — — 欧洲各国政府正鼓励其国防工业与乌克兰企业共同研发和生产无人系统，同时警告要继续保留坦克和装甲车以防卫北约东翼，官员们在华沙安全论坛上表示。
WARSAW, Poland — European governments are encouraging their defense industries to jointly develop and produce unmanned systems with Ukrainian companies, while cautioning to simultaneously new keep tanks and armored vehicles on hand for defending NATO’s eastern flank, officials said at the Warsaw Security Forum.
荷兰副首相兼国防部长迪兰·叶西尔戈兹-泽格里乌斯强调了荷兰国防部门在无人机领域与乌克兰的联系。
Dilan Yeşilgöz-Zegerius, the deputy prime minister and defense minister of the Netherlands, highlighted the Dutch defense sector’s ties with Ukraine in the field of drones.
“我们的武装部队正在每天与乌克兰人所掌握的知识一起进行训练，因为……他们拥有欧洲最具创新性的军队，”叶西尔戈兹-泽格里乌斯在10月12日表示。“与此同时……我们也在投资我们自己的国防工业。因为当然，这也曾由于缺乏投入而不再强大。而在欧洲，我们也面临这一问题。”与此同时，在投资无人机和反无人机系统的同时，与俄罗斯接壤的北约盟国也在为其陆军采购重型装备，并寻求为本国国防工业争取相当比例的制造工作。
“Our armed forces are really training, as we speak, every day with the knowledge the Ukrainians have, because … they have the most innovative Army in Europe,” Yeşilgöz-Zegerius said on Oct. 12. “And what we are doing at the same time … is investing in our own defense industry. Because it was also, of course, due to a lack of spending, not that strong anymore. And in Europe we have that issue.”Meanwhile, while investing in drone and counter-drone systems, NATO allies bordering Russia are also procuring heavy gear for their land forces and seeking to secure a significant share of manufacturing work for their domestic defense industries.
立陶宛国防部长罗伯塔斯·考纳斯在论坛上对《国防新闻》表示，该国计划从芬兰帕特里亚公司采购六轮驱动装甲人员输送车的计划，是盟国在陆军主要采购项目上合作的一个例子。这些车辆将用于支援该波罗的海国家的国家师，即其主要作战单位。
Lithuanian Defense Minister Robertas Kaunas told Defense News at the forum that the country’s planned acquisition of six-wheel-drive armored personnel carriers from Finland’s Patria is an example of how allies can work together on major purchases for their land forces. The vehicles are to support the Baltic state’s National Division, its main combat unit.
“我们的意图之一不仅是组装，还要参与研发过程，”考纳斯说。“国家师很重要，因为我们可以与包括美国、德国、波兰在内的盟国一起，在前线、边境附近阻击对手，然后当然使用无人机和现代武器类型来突破他们。”考纳斯表示，将这两类军事资产结合起来至关重要，正如乌克兰的情况所证明的那样。
“One of our intentions is not only to assemble, but also be involved in the R&D process,” Kaunas said. “The National Division is important because, together with our allies, including the United States, Germany, Poland, we can block our adversaries near the front line, near our borders, and then, of course, use drones, modern types of weapons to break them.”Kaunas said that combining the two categories of military assets is crucial, as demonstrated in Ukraine.
“乌克兰对坦克进行了改装，增加了防无人机防御能力，并将其用作保护士兵的重要手段，将俄军推回前线附近，”立陶宛部长表示。
“Ukraine adapted tanks with additional defense anti-drone capabilities and used them as a great source of protection for their soldiers, pushing Russians back near the front lines,” the Lithuanian minister said.
立陶宛议员、前国防部长多维莱·沙卡利涅（Dovilė Šakalienė）在接受《防务新闻》采访时表示，欧洲盟友必须签署“智能合同”，以反映乌克兰战场形势的快速变化，正如立陶宛2024年为本国军队采购44辆豹2A8坦克的协议所示，她当时正在任职。
Dovilė Šakalienė, a Lithuanian lawmaker and the country’s former National Defence Minister, told Defense News that European allies must sign “smart contracts” that reflect the rapidly changing battlefield reality in Ukraine, as exemplified by Lithuania’s 2024 deal to buy 44 Leopard 2A8 tanks for the country’s military, which she signed while in office.
“我们需要签署能够交付最新技术的智能合同，”沙卡利涅说。“在豹坦克协议中，我们还明确规定了一项条件：最新版本的反无人机防御系统将被纳入。不是指2024年就能准备好的系统，而是在这些坦克装配时已准备好的系统。对于这种技术的研发，三年就是永恒。”尽管欧洲国家在无人机采购方面正快速扩张，但沙卡利涅表示，盟友仍应继续投资坦克和装甲车等重型装备，以支援陆军力量。“大规模陆地机动行动无法仅靠无人机完成，”她补充道。
“We need to sign smart contracts which give us the delivery of the newest technology,” Šakalienė said. “In the Leopard agreement, we also included in a very clear way a condition that the newest version of anti-drone defense systems is going to be included. Not the ones which would be ready in 2024, but the ones that will be ready at the time of the assembly of these tanks. For the development of such technology, three years is eternity.”Despite European nations’ rapid expansion of drone procurement, allies should continue to invest in heavy equipment such as tanks and armored vehicles for their land forces, Šakalienė said. “Massive land maneuvers cannot be completed only with drones,” she added.
与此同时，作为论坛东道主的波兰正努力从外国军事装备的买家转变为此类货物的出口商，争夺大额订单的外国防务集团正在加大投资，以在波兰扩大其制造业立足点。对于美国公司而言，波兰扩大国内生产能力的举措正值众多行业参与者已经计划在该国提升自身能力的时候。
Meanwhile, as Poland, the forum’s host, is making efforts to increasingly shift from the role of a buyer of foreign military gear to exporter of such goods, foreign defense groups competing for major orders are investing to expand their manufacturing footholds in the country. For U.S. companies, Poland’s drive to expand its domestic production capacities comes as many industry players are already planning to boost their capabilities in the country.
“关于波兰，我可以说的一件事是，这里的劳动力非常出色。我们已经在波兰拥有1000名员工。我们还希望拥有更多员工，”波音国防太空与安全部门国际业务发展副总裁文斯·洛格斯登对《国防新闻》表示。
“One of the things I can say about Poland is that the workforce here is exceptional. We’ve already got 1,000 employees here in Poland. And we’re looking to have much more than that,” Vince Logsdon, vice president for international business development at Boeing Defense Space and Security, told Defense News.
在2024年价值约100亿美元的协议基础上，波兰将购买96架AH-64E阿帕奇攻击直升机，该公司现在正向该国武装部队提供其CH-47支奴干直升机，将其定位为阿帕奇的互补平台，可支援部队机动和战场后勤。
Building on the 2024 deal to sell 96 AH-64E Apache attack helicopters to Poland under a deal worth around $10 billion, the producer is now offering its CH-47 Chinook aircraft to the country’s armed forces, pitching it as a complementary platform to the Apaches that can support troop movements and battlefield logistics.
“支奴干是我们的产品，它在全球范围内已被证明是一款垂直起降、重型起降直升机。全球有许多操作员使用它，而我观察到的一点是，采购阿帕奇的大多数操作员最终也会采购CH-47，”洛格斯登说。“在扩展阿帕奇作战空间方面，这是一种完美的组合。”
“The Chinook is our offering, it has proven itself throughout the world as a vertical lift, heavy lift helicopter. It has lots of operators throughout the world, and one of the things I have seen with our CH-47 offering is that most operators that acquire the Apache, they ultimately also acquire the CH-47,” Logsdon said. “It’s a perfect combination in terms of extending the battle space for the Apache.