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西海岸风暴为何可能是一场更大规模天气的开端Why a West Coast storm may be the start of something much bigger

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洪水预警覆盖多个西部州份,罕见龙卷风威胁逼近。一场风暴周三逼近西海岸,预计将给加利福尼亚州部分地区和内陆山区带来降雨,同时还将出现罕见的强雷暴和恶劣海况。

Flood watches cover several western states as a rare tornado threat looms. A storm approaching the West Coast on Wednesday is set to soak portions of California and the Intermountain West, with unusual severe thunderstorms and rough seas expected too.

随着这股移动缓慢的扰动天气预计将在西部地区滞留至本周末,洪水预警目前对洛杉矶以北的南加州部分地区,以及亚利桑那州大部、犹他州南部、科罗拉多州西南部和新墨西哥州西部生效。

Flood watches are in effect for portions of Southern California north of Los Angeles, as well as across much of Arizona, southern Utah, southwestern Colorado and western New Mexico as the slow-moving disturbance is expected to linger over the West through this weekend.

美国国家海洋和大气管理局(NOAA)风暴预测中心将内陆西南部周三的天气形容为“气候学上罕见且令人担忧/远超典型水平的强风暴风险”,存在龙卷风、大冰雹和破坏性大风的风险。

NOAA’s Storm Prediction Center described a “climatologically rare and a concerning/well-above-typical risk for severe storms” across the interior Southwest on Wednesday, with a risk for tornadoes, large hail and damaging winds.

亚利桑那州从菲尼克斯附近到弗拉格斯塔夫一带的走廊地带风险尤高,该区域面临强风暴的增强风险(5级中的3级)。

That’s especially the case in a corridor from near Phoenix to Flagstaff in Arizona, where there’s an enhanced risk (Level 3 out of 5) for severe storms.

甚至沿海南加州和中加州(包括洛杉矶)也存在龙卷风威胁。这一轮重大天气过程紧随该地区近期一连串野火活动之后。

There’s even a tornado threat for coastal Southern and Central California, including Los Angeles. This latest round of significant weather follows a recent spate of wildfire activity in the region.

洛杉矶国家气象局写道:“南向海滩尤其是马里布海岸和长滩地区可能出现轻微海滩侵蚀和潮水溢出。”该地区本月初刚遭热带风暴“雷切尔”带来的巨浪袭击——海浪高度和海水温度因开尔文波而升高。

“Minor beach erosion and tidal overflows may occur across south-facing beaches especially along the Malibu Coast and in the Long Beach area,” wrote the National Weather Service in Los Angeles. That area was slammed by waves from Tropical Storm Rachel earlier this month — with wave heights and ocean temperatures being boosted by a Kelvin wave.

南加州和中加州近海创纪录的暖水预计也将在冬季为逼近的风暴提供更多水汽。

Record warm seas near Southern and Central California are also expected to add more moisture to approaching storms through winter.

这一动荡天气模式受太平洋创纪录的厄尔尼诺现象影响,导致夏威夷附近高空风增强,预示着强副热带急流模式正在形成,这很可能将在11月助长美国出现越来越多类似的多风暴天气。这也是为什么即将到来的风暴可能只是更大规模事件的开始。

This unsettled pattern is being influenced by a record El Niño in the Pacific Ocean, which is causing winds to strengthen in the upper atmosphere near Hawaii, signaling the emergence of a strong subtropical jet stream pattern that will probably fuel increasingly stormy weather like this across the United States during November. That’s why the approaching storm is probably just the start of something much bigger.

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