英国预算公布了许多旨在帮助难以应对生活成本的家庭和企业的措施。但该国严峻的财政困境意味着任何缓解都将是短暂的。
The UK budget touted plenty of measures designed to help households and businesses struggling with the cost of living. But the country’s grim fiscal bind means any relief will be shortlived.
据预算责任办公室称，由于延长电费增值税减免等措施，本财年预算将使收入减少17亿英镑（23亿美元）。这一趋势将从2027-28年起逆转。
The budget will see revenue drop £1.7 billion ($2.3 billion) in the current fiscal year as a result of measures like extending a VAT cut on electricity bills, according to the Office for Budget Responsibility. The trend will reverse from 2027-28.
为帮助支付其支出计划，财政大臣约翰·希利主要依靠国家更有效地征收现有税收的能力。他还在调整主要影响企业的各项税收规则。
To help cover his spending plans, Chancellor of the Exchequer John Healey is primarily relying on the ability of the state to collect existing taxes more effectively. He’s also tweaking various tax rules that will primarily impact corporations.
预算中排名前五的增收措施预计将在今年至2031-32年间带来额外206亿英镑收入。这些措施包括降低折旧减免（一种资本减免）的门槛，以及对外国主权实体实行新的税收制度。
The top five revenue-raising measures in the budget are forecast to bring in an extra £20.6 billion between this year and 2031-32. They include lowering thresholds for writing-down allowances (a form of capital allowance) and a new tax regime for foreign sovereigns.
