周五（10月30日），西班牙交通部长奥斯卡·普恩特拒绝了要求他辞职的呼声。今年这是在他任内发生的第二起造成大量伤亡的列车事故，目前当局正在努力确认周三那起造成至少69人死亡的撞车事故中的遇难者身份。
on Friday (Oct 30) rejected calls for his resignation over the second train accident on his watch to cause mass casualties this year, as authorities worked to identify the victims from a crash that killed at least 69 people.
来自各党派的议员本周谴责普恩特将周三的撞车事故归咎于控制中心操作员违反规程，而不愿承担责任；铁路工会则要求立即解职他。
Lawmakers from across the political spectrum this week condemned Transport Minister Oscar Puente for attributing Wednesday's crash to a break in protocol by control centre operators rather than accepting responsibility, with rail workers' unions calling for his immediate dismissal.
事故发生在西班牙中部乌尔达镇附近，此前1月同一线路、涉及同两家铁路公司的另一起事故已造成46人死亡。
The crash, which happened near the town of Urda in central Spain, followed another accident involving the same rail companies on the same line that killed 46 people in January.
事故重燃了关于西班牙高铁网络安全与维护的辩论，该网络是欧洲最庞大的高铁网；与此同时，左翼总理佩德罗·桑切斯已宣布于11月29日举行大选。
It has reopened a debate about safety and maintenance on Spain's high-speed rail network, the most extensive in Europe, as the country prepares for an election that left-leaning Prime Pedro Sanchez has called for Nov 29.
普恩特周五在新闻发布会上表示：“我现在的职责不是讨论我是否留任，而是解决问题、查明真相、给出明确解释。”
"My duty now is not to focus on discussing whether I will remain in office, but on solving the problem, determining exactly what happened and providing clear explanations," Puente said at a press conference on Friday.
在事故现场，大型起重机正吊装扭曲的残骸，民警局列出64人失踪，这已是西班牙自2013年以来最严重的列车事故。尚不清楚所有失踪者是否都已计入死亡人数。
At the scene of the crash, large cranes were lifting the mangled wreckage as the Civil Guard listed 64 people as missing in what is already Spain's deadliest train accident since 2013. It was unclear if all those missing were accounted for in the death toll.
卡斯蒂利亚-拉曼查大区政府发言人埃斯特尔·帕迪利亚在国营电视台TVE表示，当局迄今已完成49具遗体的尸检，并正式确认了5名遇难者身份，其中3名女性、2名男性。
Authorities have carried out 49 autopsies so far and formally identified five people, three women and two men, Esther Padilla, spokesperson for the Castilla-La Mancha regional government, said on state television network TVE.
起重机吊起残骸车厢，救援人员在搜寻遇难者。周四（10月29日），西班牙乌尔达发生两列火车相撞事故。
Cranes lift wrecked train carriages as rescuers search for victims following a collision between two trains in Urda, Spain, Thursday, Oct 29, 2026.
当局无法排除死亡人数上升的可能性 卡斯蒂利亚-拉曼查大区主席埃米利亚诺·加西亚-帕赫在TVE表示，周四救援队翻转一节车厢时未再发现遗体。
AUTHORITIES CAN'T RULE OUT MORE FATALITIES No additional bodies were found when rescue teams overturned a train carriage on Thursday, Castilla-La Mancha regional leader Emiliano Garcia-Page said on TVE.
他说，辨认遗体十分困难，因为许多遗体残缺不全。周四，救援队已将部分遗骸装入31个袋子。
Identifying the bodies was proving difficult because many were in pieces, he said. On Thursday, rescue teams had placed partial remains in 31 bags.
加西亚-帕赫说：“我们不能排除死亡人数进一步增加的可能性。”
"We cannot rule out the possibility of more fatalities," Garcia-Page said.
事故发生时，多列火车因信号系统故障而自动停车，随后马德里中央控制中心接管了调度。普恩特称，一列由国有的Renfe公司运营的列车获准继续行驶，尽管前方停着一列由Iryo公司运营的列车。
The collision occurred after several trains were automatically stopped due to the failure of a signalling system, after which the central control centre in Madrid took over. A train operated by state-owned Renfe was authorised to proceed, even though there was a stationary Iryo-operated train ahead, according to Puente.
《国家报》获取的控制中心与列车司机之间的通话录音显示，一名调度员授权Renfe列车以正常速度继续行驶；普恩特表示，这违反了此类情况下车速不得超过每小时40公里的规程。调度员称焦点应放在信号系统故障上关于谁应承担责任的争论愈演愈烈，工会表示将责任归咎于人为失误并不公平。
Audio of communications between the control centre and the train drivers obtained by El Pais showed how a controller authorised the Renfe train to continue on its journey at a normal speed, which Puente said disregarded a protocol to travel at no more than 40 kph in such circumstances. CONTROLLERS SAY FOCUS SHOULD BE ON FAILED SIGNAL SYSTEM The debate about who was at fault intensified, with unions saying it was unfair to lay the blame on human error.
国有基础设施运营商Adif的工会领导人拉克尔·艾永表示，调度员不得不在艰难的工作条件下作业。
Raquel Ayllon, a union leader at state-owned infrastructure operator Adif, said controllers were having to operate under difficult working conditions.
艾永在西班牙电视台表示：“人为失误很快遭到批评和质疑，而人们并没有真正关注核心问题：安全系统的故障。”
"Human error is being criticised and questioned very quickly, while people are not really focusing on the central issue: the failure of the safety system," Ayllon said on TVE.
普恩特称，自2012年以来，马德里控制中心的工作人员数量几乎翻了一番，而做出该指令的调度员在事故发生前已工作了两个小时。
Puente said the number of staff working at the control centre in Madrid had almost doubled since 2012 and that the controller who made the call had been working for two hours when the crash occurred.
他说：“我从未使用过‘人为失误’这一说法，但这并不是说没有人为失误。”
"I have never used the term 'human error', although that is not to say that there was no human error," he said.
他说，周三发生故障的LZB列车控制系统平均每年出现170次故障，与欧洲其他地区大致相当。公开文件显示，该系统的升级已经滞后于计划。
He said the LZB train control system that failed on Wednesday had an average of 170 failures per year, which was about the same as the rest of Europe. The system was behind schedule for an upgrade, public documents show.
欧洲铁路行业协会UNIFE的情况说明显示，西班牙大部分高速铁路都已安装欧洲铁路交通管理系统（ERTMS），这一新标准正是由该协会制定。
The European Rail Traffic Management System (ERTMS) has been installed across most of Spanish high-speed rail, according to a factsheet by European rail association UNIFE, which developed the new standard.
据泰雷兹称，法国设备制造商旗下的泰雷兹西班牙公司于2021年赢得合同，要在2026年初之前在马德里-塞维利亚线安装ERTMS，而两起致命事故正是发生在这条线路上，但工程进度落后，于2024年转交给了日立铁路公司。泰雷兹拒绝就推广延迟置评。
Thales España, the arm of the French equipment maker, won a 2021 contract to install the ERTMS on the Madrid-Seville line, site of the two fatal crashes, by early 2026, but the work fell behind and passed to Hitachi Rail in 2024, according to Thales. Thales declined to comment on the delay of the rollout.
普恩特表示，马德里-塞维利亚线的ERTMS系统预计将于2027年初开始运行，并补充说，延迟是由于在保持线路运营的同时安装该系统十分复杂。
Puente said the ERTMS system on the Madrid-Seville line was expected to begin working in early 2027, adding that the delay was due to the complexity of installing the system while keeping the line in operation.