纽约，11月5日电 - 在民主党夺得美国国会控制权后，华尔街银行周三正为面临更严格的审查做准备，高管和分析师预测，立法者将调查生活成本问题，并传唤银行首席执行官作证。
YORK, Nov 5 - Wall Street banks were bracing on Wednesday for heightened scrutiny after Democrats took control of the US Congress, with executives and analysts predicting lawmakers would investigate cost-of-living issues and summon bank chiefs to testify.
民主党已在准备调查特朗普总统及其政府成员的商业交易。银行业消息人士称，该行业还预计，华盛顿的巨大权力转移可能让立法者推进打击人工智能驱动欺诈的努力。
Democrats are already preparing to investigate business dealings by President Donald Trump and members of his administration. Banking sources said the industry also expects that the massive shift in Washington could allow lawmakers to advance efforts to crack down on artificial-intelligence-driven fraud.
律师和分析师普遍预期，民主党将调查可能增加客户成本的消费金融做法，例如垃圾费、掠夺性借贷和抵押贷款。一位银行业消息人士表示，民主党可能还会调查监管和监督的放松是否损害了客户利益或削弱了贷款机构。另外两人表示，贷款机构预计将花费更多时间回应工作人员询问和为听证会做准备。
Attorneys and analysts widely expect Democrats will probe consumer finance practices that may raise customer costs, such as junk fees, predatory lending and mortgages. One banking source said Democrats may also probe whether a pullback on regulation and oversight has hurt customers or weakened lenders. Two other people said lenders expect to spend more time responding to staff inquiries and preparing for hearings.
“肯定会有人试图恢复对银行的一些限制，”杜兰大学弗里曼商学院教授彼得·里丘蒂说。“消费者保护举措可能会重新被提上日程。”2024年，从摩根大通的杰米·戴蒙到高盛的大卫·所罗门，华尔街银行首席执行官们纷纷祝贺特朗普，并欢迎这位对商界友好的共和党人当选总统。
"There would certainly be attempts to bring back some of the restrictions on banks," said Peter Ricchiuti, professor at Tulane’s Freeman School of Business. "Consumer protection initiatives might be brought back to life." In 2024, Wall Street bank CEOs from Jamie Dimon at JPMorgan Chase to David Solomon at Goldman Sachs congratulated Trump and welcomed the Republican as a business-friendly president.
过去两年里，在特朗普任命的监管官员推动下，该行业获得了重大资本减免和其他重大政策胜利。然而，特朗普也曾针对部分银行，指责该行业以政治理由拒绝为客户提供服务，并亲自起诉摩根大通。银行们否认了特朗普的指控。
Over the past two years, the industry has scored major capital relief and other big policy wins from Trump’s regulators. Yet Trump has also targeted some banks, accusing the industry of refusing services to customers on political grounds and personally suing JPMorgan. The banks have denied Trump’s claims.
律师和顾问表示，业界目前正试图摸索如何应对将于1月接管美国国会两院控制权的民主党人，后者将掌握调查人员和传票权力。他们透露，许多金融服务公司一直在对其与特朗普政府的往来进行风险评估，并找出可能引起国会关注的领域。他们补充说，一些公司也已经开始与资深民主党议员接触。
Now, attorneys and advisors said the industry is trying to figure out how to handle Democrats who will assume control of both houses of the US Congress in January, handing them investigative staffs and subpoena power. Many financial services firms have been conducting risk assessments of their dealings with the Trump administration and identifying areas that could draw congressional interest, they said. Some are also already engaging with senior Democratic lawmakers, they added.
“从现在到年底这段时间，我认为是最关键的时期之一，因为你可以做大量预防性工作，”律师事务所Mayer Brown的合伙人Tom Perez上周在华盛顿举办的一次关于国会监督的活动上表示。他补充说，公司应检查是否有尚未处理的国会询问。
“The period between now and the end of the year I consider to be one of the most critical periods because you can do a lot of pre-emptive work,” Tom Perez, a partner at the law firm Mayer Brown, said at a Washington event on congressional oversight last week. Companies should check for any pending congressional inquiries that they may not have addressed, he added.
“六个月前收到的那封信，可能会变成明年1月的传票，”他补充道。
"That letter you got six months ago can be next January’s subpoena," he added.
参议员伊丽莎白·沃伦是参议院银行委员会的民主党首席成员，也是华尔街的长期批评者，被视为接任该委员会主席的领跑者。众议员马克西恩·沃特斯是众议院金融服务委员会的民主党首席成员，也是竞逐该委员会主席的主要热门人选。
Senator Elizabeth Warren, the top Democrat on the Senate Banking Committee and a longtime Wall Street critic, is seen as the frontrunner to chair the banking panel. Representative Maxine Waters is the top Democrat on the House Financial Services Committee and lead contender to chair that panel.
两人均多次对可负担性问题（包括住房问题）表示关切。她们还指责政府削弱消费者金融保护。政府方面称，正在削减阻碍放贷人的繁文缛节。
Both have repeatedly raised concerns over affordability, including housing issues. They have also accused the administration of eroding consumer finance protections. The administration says it is cutting red tape that has stymied lenders.
沃特斯此前掌管众议院委员会时，曾传唤最大银行的首席执行官作证，TD Cowen分析师周三表示，预计这种情况将重演。他们还指出了政策风险，例如信用卡利率上限，这是两党大体一致的议题。
When Waters previously ran the House committee, she called the CEOs of the largest banks to testify, and TD Cowen analysts on Wednesday said they expected a re-run. They also flagged policy risks such as credit card interest rate caps, an issue on which both parties are broadly united.
“国会完全由民主党控制，很可能增加银行首席执行官被传唤到国会作证的几率，其公司也将越来越多地面临听证会，”TD Cowen分析师写道。
"Total congressional control likely increases the odds that bank CEOs will be summoned in front of Congress with their firms increasingly subject to hearings," the TD Cowen analysts wrote.
获益良机 银行业仍看到推动部分政策议题向己方有利方向发展的机会，并已围绕一个具体想法达成共识：推动科技和社交媒体公司采取更多行动遏制损害消费者利益的金融诈骗，据四位银行业消息人士透露。
OPPORTUNITY TO BENEFIT Banks still see an opportunity to push some policy issues in their favor and have been coalescing around a specific idea: getting tech and social media companies to do more to curb financial fraud which is hurting consumers, according to four of the banking sources.
快速演进的人工智能正推动日益复杂的金融诈骗手段，使银行客户面临更大风险。
Fast-evolving AI is driving ever-more sophisticated financial scams which are putting bank customers at greater risk.
“我们需要采取行动保护客户，”亨廷顿银行股份公司首席执行官斯蒂芬·斯泰诺在接受路透社采访时表示。他说，这些科技公司需要承诺排除与诈骗分子有关联的账户。斯泰诺表示，该议题很有可能获得两党支持。
"We need to do something to protect customers," said Huntington Bancshares CEO Stephen Steinour in an interview with Reuters. He said these tech companies need to commit to exclude accounts linked to fraudsters. Steinour said there is a good chance of getting bipartisan support on the issue.
一位银行业消息人士称，业界认为可利用选民对人工智能发展及基础设施（如数据中心）的强烈反对情绪——这在中期选举中得到凸显——来推动国会处理诈骗问题。一位知情的前监管人士透露，作为该努力的一部分，银行业还可能游说议员审查管辖电汇的法规。
One banking source said the industry believes it could harness strong voter opposition to AI development and infrastructure, such as data centers, underscored by the midterms to push the fraud issue in Congress. As part of that effort, banks may also lobby for lawmakers to review regulations governing wire transfers, a former regulatory source familiar with the matter said.
银行业消息人士称，银行正准备尽早就可能引发审视的议题与议员接触，包括诈骗、信用卡费用、人工智能和消费者保护。
Banks are preparing to engage lawmakers early on issues likely to draw scrutiny, including fraud, credit-card fees, artificial intelligence and consumer protection, the banking sources said.
“依我们来看，对银行有利的立法热潮很可能已告一段落，”TD Cowen分析师写道。
"The run of favorable legislation for the banks has likely come to a close, in our view," wrote TD Cowen analysts.