安卡拉，土耳其——土耳其立法者周四批准了土耳其、巴基斯坦和沙特阿拉伯之间的一项国防合作协议，当时利雅得正寻求在与也门邻国伊朗支持的胡塞武装叛军的冲突中获得更多地区支持。
SUZAN FRASER ANKARA, Turkey — Turkish legislators on Thursday ratified a defense cooperation agreement among Turkey, Pakistan and Saudi Arabia as Riyadh seeks increased regional support in its conflict with Iran-backed Houthi rebels in neighboring Yemen.
此次投票发生之际，该地区各国仍对美国与伊朗之间可能出现新一轮升级的前景感到担忧，这种升级很可能波及邻国。在之前的交火轮次中，伊朗曾对包括沙特阿拉伯在内的美国盟友海湾阿拉伯国家发出攻击。
The vote also came as countries in the region remain anxious about the prospects of a new escalation in the U.S.-Iran war, which would likely spill over into neighboring countries. During previous rounds of fighting, Iran has lashed out at U.S.-allied Gulf Arab countries, including Saudi Arabia.
这份于8月签署的16条《麦加共同防御协议》承诺三国将视对其中一国的攻击为对三国的攻击，共同努力威慑威胁，加深军事合作，共享情报，并加强国防工业联系。
The 16-article Mecca Joint Defense Agreement , signed in August, commits the three countries to regard an attack against one as an attack on all three, to work together to deter threats and deepen military cooperation, share intelligence and strengthen defense industry ties.
尽管反对党提出异议，认为该协议可能将土耳其卷入地区战争，使土耳其士兵处于危险之中，但该协议仍以279票赞成、119票反对在600个席位的议会中获得通过。
It was approved by 279 votes to 119 in the 600-seat parliament , despite objections from opposition parties who argued that the agreement could embroil Turkey in regional wars and put Turkish soldiers in harm’s way.
“他们带来这项协议是为了把土耳其士兵送到也门的沙漠中，”反对党新党议员副领袖穆拉特·埃米尔说。奥斯曼士兵在20世纪初也门冲突中的损失在土耳其文化记忆中挥之不去。
“They brought this agreement to send Turkish soldiers to the deserts of Yemen,” said Murat Emir, deputy leader of opposition New Party lawmakers. The loss of Ottoman soldiers in early 20th century conflicts in Yemen looms large in Turkish cultural memory.
议会外交委员会主席、总统雷杰普·塔伊普·埃尔多安执政党成员福阿特·奥克泰表示，土耳其“不会在违背自身意愿的情况下被卷入一个不可控的进程”。他补充说，部署军队只有在未来获得议会批准后才有可能。
Fuat Oktay, chairman of parliament’s foreign affairs committee and a member of President Recep Tayyip Erdogan’s ruling party, said Turkey would “not be drawn into an uncontrolled process against its will.”He added that the deployment of troops would only be possible with future parliamentary approval.
土耳其官员表示，安卡拉正在考虑向沙特阿拉伯提供军事援助，但坚称该协议具有防御性，且不会派遣土耳其军队前往也门作战或攻击胡塞武装。
The Turkish officials have said Ankara is considering sending military assistance to Saudi Arabia but insist that the agreement is defensive and that no Turkish troops would be deployed to fight in Yemen or to attack the Houthis.
土耳其军队在迅速发展的国防工业支持下，是北约第二大军队。土耳其部队的任何部署都需要土耳其议会单独批准。土耳其和巴基斯坦官员强调，该协议不针对伊朗或任何其他国家。
Turkish troops, backed by a rapidly developing defense industry, make up the second-largest military in NATO. Any deployment of Turkish troops would require a separate approval by Turkey’s parliament. Turkish and Pakistani officials have stressed that the agreement does not target Iran or any other country.
该协议在沙特圣城麦加签署，签署人包括沙特王储穆罕默德·本·萨勒曼、埃尔多安和巴基斯坦总理谢赫巴兹·谢里夫。该协议被视为沙特阿拉伯减少对美国依赖、多元化安全伙伴关系努力的一部分。
The agreement was signed in the Saudi holy city of Mecca by Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, Erdogan and Pakistan’s Prime Minister Shehbaz Sharif. It is seen as part of Saudi Arabia’s efforts to reduce its dependence on the United States and diversify its security partnerships.
该协议展示了沙特阿拉伯与土耳其关系的密切程度，而仅仅几年前，两国关系仍高度紧张，原因包括沙特特工在伊斯坦布尔杀害沙特记者贾马尔·卡舒吉。
The deal showcases how close relations between Saudi Arabia and Turkey have grown, after being highly strained just a few years ago, including over the killing of Saudi journalist Jamal Khashoggi in Istanbul by Saudi operatives.
该集团的部长们已经会面两次——分别在伊斯坦布尔和利雅得——而三国高级别代表团上个月在德黑兰举行会谈，试图避免伊朗战争中战火重燃。
Ministers from the grouping have already met twice — in Istanbul and in Riyadh — while high-level delegations from the three countries held talks in Tehran last month to try to avert renewed fighting in the Iran war.
在9月于利雅得举行的会晤中，三国同意立即实施其所谓的集体防御承诺，包括将约定的军事力量和能力迅速部署到沙特阿拉伯的安排。他们没有详细说明。
During their meeting in Riyadh in September, the three countries agreed to immediately implement what they said were their collective defense commitments, including arrangements for the rapid deployment of agreed upon military forces and capabilities to Saudi Arabia. They did not elaborate.
叙利亚外长阿萨德·沙伊巴尼上周在巴林举行的一次会议上表示，叙利亚加入该协议的讨论正在进行中。叙利亚与土耳其和沙特阿拉伯关系密切，加入该协议可能使其在对抗以色列方面拥有更多战略筹码。以色列自2024年12月反叛攻势推翻前叙利亚总统巴沙尔·阿萨德以来，一直在叙利亚发动打击并占领了该国南部部分地区。
Syrian Foreign Minister Asaad al-Shibani said last week during a conference in Bahrain that discussions were underway about Syria joining the pact. Syria has close relations with both Turkey and Saudi Arabia, and joining the pact could give it more strategic leverage against Israel, which has launched strikes in Syria and occupied part of the country’s south since a rebel offensive ousted former Syrian President Bashar Assad in December 2024.
一名土耳其官员证实，叙利亚加入的问题正在讨论中，但表示该协议现有成员国正专注于将协议“制度化”，在完成此举之前，“任何第三国参与都不在考虑之列”。该官员未获授权公开讨论此事。
A Turkish official confirmed that the issue of Syria joining is being discussed, but said the existing members of the pact were focused on efforts to “institutionalize” the agreement and until they do, “there will be no question of any third country participation.”The official was not authorized to publicly discuss the issue.
根据协议，该组织的秘书处将设在沙特阿拉伯，巴基斯坦退役将军纳乌曼·马哈茂德已被选为首任秘书长。他将任期三年。该协议约束各方10年，之后若要退出，需提前三个月通知。安德鲁·威尔克斯从伊斯坦布尔参与报道。
According to the agreement, the grouping’s secretariat will be based in Saudi Arabia, and retired Pakistani Gen. Nauman Mahmood has been selected as its first secretary-general. He will serve a three-year term. The pact binds the parties for 10 years, after which they would need to provide a three-month notice to leave. Andrew Wilks contributed from Istanbul.