布鲁塞尔，11月9日电 据路透社看到的一份欧盟委员会草案法律显示，被认定利用不公平数字贸易行为诱导人们购买更多商品或以个性化广告针对儿童的公司，最高将面临年全球营业额6%的罚款。
BRUSSELS, Nov 9 - Companies found guilty of using unfair digital trade practices to push people to buy more or target children with personalised advertising risk fines of as much as 6% of annual global turnover, according to a European Commission draft law seen by Reuters.
欧盟委员会司法事务专员迈克尔·麦格拉思将于周三提交这项名为《数字公平法案》（DFA）的拟议立法，该法案在成为法律前，仍需与欧盟成员国和欧洲议会进行磋商。
The Commission’s Justice chief Michael McGrath will present the proposed legislation known as the Digital Fairness Act (DFA) on Wednesday, which will need to be thrashed out with EU countries and the European Parliament before it can become law.
《数字公平法案》是欧洲推动大型科技公司、电商巨头和社交媒体巨头在平台内容治理上做得更多的最新立法举措。
The DFA is the latest legislative push by Europe to get Big Tech, e-commerce and social media giants to do more to police content on their platforms.
文件称，该法案将把所谓的企业对消费者“黑暗模式”——即网站和应用程序上诱导人们购买更多商品的欺骗性或操纵性界面设计——定性为不公平商业行为予以禁止。欧盟委员会还希望禁止针对儿童或弱势消费者的个性化广告。
It would ban so-called business-to-consumer "dark patterns" — deceptive or manipulative interface designs on websites and apps that steer people into buying more — as unfair commercial practices, the document said.
采用动态定价的公司——即根据实时需求波动调整票价，并因此引发消费者批评——将被要求通过披露广告价格下的可售商品数量，来提高透明度。
The Commission also wants to ban personalised advertising targeting children or vulnerable consumers.
文件称，商家将必须给予用户关闭鼓励强迫性或过度使用的成瘾性功能的机会。
Companies using dynamic pricing, where ticket prices fluctuate based on real-time demand and which has triggered criticism from consumers, will be required to be more transparent by disclosing the number of items available at the advertised price.
倡导金融服务规则制定中公共利益的组织“金融观察”表示，该拟议立法在保护在线投资的消费者方面做得还不够。
Traders will have to give users the opportunity to switch off addictive features that encourage compulsive or excessive use, the document said.
“金融观察”高级研究与倡导官员彼得·诺伍德表示：“关于黑暗模式的提案方向是正确的，但它们缺乏雄心，不足以充分保护金融服务领域的消费者。”
Finance Watch, which campaigns for the public interest in financial services rulemaking, said the proposed legislation does not do enough to protect consumers investing online.
根据欧盟草案法律显示，企业若从事不公平数字贸易行为，将面临高达全球营业额6%的罚款。
"The proposals on dark patterns go in the right direction, but they lack ambition to sufficiently protect consumers in financial services," said Peter Norwood, senior research and advocacy officer at Finance Watch.
风险披露：金融工具和/或加密货币交易涉及高风险，包括可能损失部分或全部投资金额，且可能不适合所有投资者。加密货币价格极其波动，可能受金融、监管或政治事件等外部因素影响。保证金交易会增加财务风险。
Companies risk fines of 6% global turnover for unfair digital trade practices, EU draft law shows Risk Disclosure: Trading in financial instruments and/or cryptocurrencies involves high risks including the risk of losing some, or all, of your investment amount, and may not be suitable for all investors. Prices of cryptocurrencies are extremely volatile and may be affected by external factors such as financial, regulatory or political events. Trading on margin increases the financial risks.
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