哥伦比亚正在与国际货币基金组织（IMF）谈判，寻求借款约150亿美元，以稳定其紧张的财政状况，知情人士透露。
By Jorgelina do Rosario and Nicolle Yapur Colombia is negotiating to borrow around $15 billion from the International Monetary Fund as the government seeks to stabilize its strained finances, according to people familiar with the matter.
知情人士称，双方正在商讨一项备用安排，因谈判属私密性质，这些人士要求不具名。知情人士补充说，哥伦比亚打算动用该计划资金，而非将其视为预防性安排。目前尚未做出最终决定。国际货币基金组织和哥伦比亚财政部均拒绝置评。
The nation and the IMF are discussing a stand-by arrangement, the people said, asking not to be identified because the negotiations are private. Colombia intends to draw on the program rather than treat it as precautionary, the people added. No final decision has been made. The IMF and Colombia’s finance ministry declined to comment.
财政部上月证实，国际货币基金组织技术团将访问波哥大，继续就政府的财政稳定努力进行磋商，包括第四条款磋商以及改善该国融资条件的潜在措施。
The ministry last month confirmed an IMF technical mission would visit Bogotá to continue talks on the government’s fiscal stabilization efforts, including an Article IV consultation and potential measures to improve the country’s financing conditions.
此次谈判之际，政府正寻求在连年扩大的赤字和不断上升的债务后稳定公共财政。国际货币基金组织上月表示，哥伦比亚的财政轨迹不可持续，而财政部长米格尔·戈麦斯（Miguel Gómez）将该形势描述为该国历史上最严峻。政府已向国会提交一揽子削减开支和增税方案，旨在缩减赤字。
The talks come as the government seeks to stabilize public finances after years of widening deficits and rising debt. The IMF said last month that Colombia’s fiscal trajectory was unsustainable, while Finance Minister Miguel Gómez has described the situation as the worst in the nation’s history. The government has sent Congress a package of spending cuts and tax increases aimed at reducing the deficit.
备用安排旨在帮助各国解决短期或潜在的国际收支问题，期限最长可达三年。贷款通常在三年零三个月至五年内偿还。国际货币基金组织的其他融资工具，如扩展基金融资便利（EFF），则面向面临更深层结构性问题、需要更长调整期的国家。
Stand-by arrangements are designed to help countries address short-term or potential balance-of-payments problems and can last for as long as three years. Loans are typically repaid within three-and-a-quarter to five years. Other IMF facilities, such as the Extended Fund Facility, are intended for countries facing deeper structural problems that require longer periods of adjustment.
按此类协议的正常获取额度，贷款额度在计划期内最高可达该国国际货币基金组织份额的600%，在哥伦比亚的情况下相当于166亿美元。知情人士称，政府并未寻求所谓超额获取，即超出基金组织正常贷款限额的额度。
Normal access under such an agreement can reach as much as 600% of a country’s IMF quota over the life of the program, equivalent to $16.6 billion in Colombia’s case. The government isn’t seeking so-called exceptional access beyond the Fund’s normal lending limits, the people said.
哥伦比亚面临不断增长的融资需求，若不进行财政调整，预计2027年预算赤字将达到国内生产总值的创纪录9.4%。
Colombia is facing mounting financing needs, with the budget deficit projected to reach a record 9.4% of gross domestic product in 2027 without a fiscal adjustment.
阿贝拉多·德拉埃斯皮里耶拉总统的政府已承诺控制公共财政，并最近向国会提交了一项方案，将大幅削减开支与增税相结合。政府表示，这些措施将使2027年的赤字缩减约两个百分点的国内生产总值。
President Abelardo de la Espriella’s government has pledged to rein in public finances and recently submitted a package to Congress combining steep spending cuts with tax increases. The government says the measures would narrow the shortfall by about two percentage points of gross domestic product in 2027.
国际货币基金组织欢迎该计划，称其为恢复财政可持续性迈出的重要一步，但要在国会通过可能颇具难度。作为关键政府盟友的民主中间党同意进行调整的必要性，但批评了部分拟议增税措施，并提出了一份更多依赖削减开支的替代方案。
The IMF welcomed the plan as a significant step toward restoring fiscal sustainability, but getting it through Congress may prove difficult. The Democratic Center party, a key government ally, agrees on the need for an adjustment but has criticized some of the proposed tax increases and presented an alternative that relies more heavily on spending cuts.
在前任政府时期，哥伦比亚去年取消了与国际货币基金组织的灵活信贷安排。与目前正在讨论的备用安排不同，该安排属于预防性质。
Under the previous administration, Colombia canceled its flexible credit line with the IMF last year. Unlike the stand-by arrangement now under discussion, that facility was precautionary.