哥伦比亚政府周四向国会提交了一项全面的财政改革法案，旨在将公共开支削减约 15%，通过税收措施增加收入，并避免该国公共财政进一步恶化。
Colombia's government on Thursday submitted to Congress a sweeping fiscal reform bill aimed at cutting public spending by about 15%, raising revenue through tax measures and averting a deeper deterioration in the country's public finances.
记者 卡洛斯·巴尔加斯 报道 这项拟议的“救助法”对拉丁美洲最大经济体之一构成高风险考验，该国不断上升的债务和利息成本正在挤压预算，威胁投资，并使哥伦比亚恢复 2021 年失去的投资级信用评级的努力变得更加复杂。
By Carlos Vargas The proposed "Rescue Law" marks a high-stakes test for one of Latin America's largest economies, where rising debt and interest costs are squeezing the budget, threatening investment and complicating efforts to restore the investment-grade credit rating Colombia lost in 2021.
副总统何塞·曼努埃尔·雷斯特雷波表示，该法案是一项必要的经济“救援行动”，旨在化解他所谓留给 2027 年的“定时炸弹”。他警告说，目前每收到三比索税收中就有一比索用于偿还公共债务利息。按现行 2027 年预算假设，哥伦比亚财政赤字将达到国内生产总值的 9.4%，政府称这一水平不可持续。政府表示，拟议的财政调整约 70% 将来自压缩开支，其余部分将由高收入哥伦比亚人和其他纳税人通过扩大征税范围和加强征管来承担。
该方案包括扩大增值税税基、提高或扩大对烟草、电子烟产品、酒精和含糖饮料的征税、调整个人所得税、对金融部门征收临时附加税、加强反逃税措施以及出售无效益国有资产。法案还承诺降低微型、小型和中型企业的税率，并为大型投资项目提供激励。该改革现提交国会，预计将面临艰难辩论。
Vice President Jose Manuel Restrepo said the bill was an economic "rescue operation" needed to defuse what he called a "time bomb" left for 2027 He warned that one out of every three pesos collected in taxes is now used to pay interest on public debt Colombia's fiscal deficit would reach 9.4% of gross domestic product under current 2027 budget assumptions, a level the government described as unsustainable The government says around 70% of the proposed fiscal adjustment would come from spending restraint The rest would be borne by higher-income Colombians and other taxpayers through broader taxation and tougher enforcement The package includes a wider value-added tax base, higher or expanded levies on tobacco, vaping products, alcohol and sugary drinks, changes to personal income tax, a temporary surcharge on the financial sector, stronger anti-evasion measures and the sale of unproductive state assets The bill also promises lower tax rates for micro, small and medium-sized businesses and incentives for large investment projects The reform now heads to Congress, where it is likely to face a difficult debate