土耳其安塔利亚，11月10日电 —— 作为第31届联合国气候变化大会（COP31）东道主的土耳其将于周二敦促各国，将提高电力在全球能源消费中占比的目标置于大会最终协议的核心位置，尽管该计划因可能难以削减排放而受到批评。
ANTALYA, Turkey, Nov 10 - COP31 host Turkey will on Tuesday urge countries to place a goal to expand the share of electricity in global energy use at the centre of the conference's final agreement despite criticism the plan could do little to cut emissions.
在这场为期两周的联合国会议周一在土耳其地中海城市安塔利亚开幕前，土耳其已宣布希望各国政府签署承诺，到2035年将全球经济电气化率从目前的约五分之一提高至35%。
Even before the two-week UN conference began on Monday in the Turkish Mediterranean city of Antalya, Turkey had announced it wanted governments to sign a pledge to electrify 35% of the global economy by 2035, up from around a fifth today.
据一位知情人士透露，土耳其目前正寻求更广泛支持，将这一目标纳入谈判成果中。土耳其COP31主席穆拉特·库鲁姆的发言人未回应置评请求。
It is now seeking broader support for incorporating that goal into the outcome of the talks, according to a person familiar with the matter. A spokesperson for Turkey’s COP31 President Murat Kurum did not respond to a request for comment.
该目标旨在通过加速全球摆脱化石燃料动力车辆、炉具、锅炉、灶具及其他温室气体排放设备，帮助减少导致地球变暖的排放。
The target is meant to help reduce planet-warming emissions by speeding the global shift away from fossil fuel-powered vehicles, furnaces, boilers, cookstoves, and other greenhouse gas-emitting equipment.
但气候倡导者，以及居住在土耳其一座煤矿附近的部分村民批评该承诺，因为它不要求新增电力来自低碳来源。
But climate advocates, and some Turkish villagers who live near one of the country’s coal mines, have criticised the pledge because it does not require that the additional electricity come from low-carbon sources.
巴黎碳核算公司Greenly首席执行官亚历克西斯·诺曼德表示：“如果电网不清洁，电气化无法消除排放：它只是将排放从排气管转移到了发电厂烟囱。”
"If the grid is not clean, electrification does not remove emissions: it moves them from the exhaust pipe to the power plant smokestack," said Alexis Normand, CEO of Greenly, a Paris-based carbon accounting company.
土耳其和澳大利亚依赖煤电 这场辩论将监督COP31的两个国家的能源体系推上了聚光灯下。峰会东道主土耳其和主导谈判的澳大利亚，均依靠化石燃料发电。
TURKEY AND AUSTRALIA RELY ON COAL The debate puts a spotlight on the energy systems of the two countries overseeing COP31. Turkey, the summit host, and Australia, which is leading the negotiations, both rely on fossil fuels for electricity.
据政府数据，去年煤电约占土耳其发电量的三分之一，占澳大利亚发电量的40%以上。
Coal generated about a third of Turkey's electricity last year and over 40% of Australia's, according to government data.
澳大利亚COP31团队由气候变化与能源部长克里斯·鲍文率领，未就路透社的置评请求作出回应。
Australia's COP31 team, which is led by Climate Change and Energy Minister Chris Bowen, did not provide comment in response to a Reuters request.
呼吁制定更明确的摆脱化石燃料使用路线图的国家中，包括特别容易受海平面上升影响的南太平洋岛国。
Among those calling generally for a clearer roadmap away from fossil fuel use are South Pacific island nations that are especially vulnerable to sea level rise.
葡萄牙是欧洲国家中可再生能源占比最高的国家之一，周一表示将主张将电气化目标与低碳燃料挂钩。
Portugal, which has one of the highest shares of renewable energy among European countries, on Monday said it would advocate linking the eletrification goal to low-carbon fuel.
葡萄牙环境部长玛丽亚·达·格拉萨·卡瓦略在里斯本对记者说：“我们的提议不仅仅是电气化，而是清洁电气化。这意味着电力来自可再生能源，而非化石燃料。”
"Our proposal is not simply electrification, but clean electrification. That means electricity from renewable sources rather than fossil fuels," Portugal's Environment Minister Maria da Graca Carvalho told reporters in Lisbon.
随着第三十一届缔约方大会（COP31）周一开幕，大会领导人呼吁与会的近200个国家加快行动遏制全球变暖，并援引气温上升和气候驱动的灾害日益加剧为由。
As COP31 began on Monday, the conference's leaders called on the nearly 200 countries represented at the talks to move faster to stem global warming, citing rising temperatures and worsening climate-driven disasters.
联合国环境规划署10月发布的一份报告称，世界已经注定将突破比工业化前水平高出1.5摄氏度（2.7华氏度）的变暖阈值，这一阈值是在2015年巴黎气候大会上设定的，并呼吁大幅削减排放以使气温回落。
A report by the United Nations Environment Programme published in October said the world is already set to overshoot 1.5 degrees Celsius (2.7 degrees Fahrenheit) of warming above pre-industrial times, a threshold set at the 2015 Paris climate conference, and called for steep emissions cuts to bring temperatures back down.
德国前气候特使、塔夫茨大学弗莱彻法学与外交学院高级研究员珍妮弗·摩根表示：“虽然我们希望能在绿色或清洁电气化方面达成某种决定，但如果这次缔约方大会结束时没有发出继续推进路线图、或推进某种摆脱化石燃料转型进程的信号，那将是不够的。”
"Although we will hopefully get some kind of decision on green or clean electrification, if this COP does not finish with a signal of continuing the roadmap, or some process, on the transition away from fossil fuels, it will fall short," Jennifer Morgan, Germany's former climate envoy and senior fellow at the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy at Tufts University.