阿根廷科尔多瓦 — 据估计，周二有65万人聚集在阿根廷中部城市科尔多瓦参加弥撒，教皇利奥十四世敦促阿根廷人效仿该国最著名圣人的圣洁榜样。前一天，估计有250万人在首都布宜诺斯艾利斯参加了弥撒。
NICOLE WINFIELD, ISABEL DEBRE CÓRDOBA, Argentina — Pope Leo XIV urged Argentines on Tuesday to follow the holy example of the country’s best-known saints as he drew an estimated 650,000 people to the central city of Córdoba for Mass, a day after an estimated 2.5 million turned out in the capital.
来自阿根廷各地的信徒驱车数小时赶来参加弥撒，从该国最北端到南部的巴塔哥尼亚，以及中间各地。在近40年没有教皇访问后，因地处中心位置，科尔多瓦被选为利奥教皇此行的举办城市。
Faithful from all over Argentina drove hours to be on hand for the Mass, from the farthest north of the country to Patagonia in the south and points in between. After nearly 40 years without a papal visit, Córdoba was chosen to host Leo because of its central location.
来自阿根廷南部巴塔哥尼亚地区圣克鲁斯省的宗教教育教师埃里卡·比尼亚莱斯（Erika Viñales，39岁）和埃莱娜·利亚内奥（Elena Llanquenao，54岁）表示，她们行程2000公里（1200多英里）赶来参加。“路途相当遥远，”比尼亚莱斯说。
Erika Viñales, 39, and Elena Llanquenao, 54, religious education teachers from Santa Cruz province in southern Argentina’s Patagonia region, said that they traveled 2,000 kilometers (more than 1,200 miles) to be on hand. “It was quite a journey,” Viñales said.
44岁的水管工巴勃罗·冈萨雷斯（Pablo González）从阿根廷北部的图库曼省赶来。“我从未想过教皇会来阿根廷，也从未想过我会来见他，”他说。
Pablo González, a 44-year-old plumber, traveled from Tucuman province in northern Argentina. “I never imagined the pope would come to Argentina and that I’d come to see him,” he said.
此次弥撒紧随利奥教皇周一在首都布宜诺斯艾利斯举行的首场弥撒，当时吸引了估计250万人参加，创下了利奥教皇海外弥撒参与人数的新高。梵蒂冈称，周二在科尔多瓦参加弥撒的人数为65万。
The Mass follows Leo’s first liturgy, which was held on Monday in the capital, Buenos Aires, and drew an estimated 2.5 million people . It was the largest turnout for any of Leo’s foreign Masses to date. The Vatican said that 650,000 were on hand for Tuesday’s Mass in Córdoba.
在讲道中，利奥教皇回顾说，科尔多瓦是“圣人的土地”，是阿根廷一些最著名传教士的故乡。其中包括被称为“高乔神父”的圣何塞·加布里埃尔·德尔·罗萨里奥·布罗切罗（José Gabriel del Rosario Brochero），以及2024年成为阿根廷首位女圣人的“安图拉妈妈”（Mama Antula）。
In his homily, Leo recalled that Córdoba was a “land of saints,” home to some of Argentina’s best-known missionaries. They include St. José Gabriel del Rosario Brochero, known as the “ Gaucho priest ,” and “Mama Antula,” who in 2024 became Argentina’s first female saint.
2016年，教皇方济各将布罗切罗封为圣人。这位身披斗篷、啜饮马黛茶的牧师骑着名为马拉卡拉的骡子，深入阿根廷偏远边境地区为穷人服务。他在患麻风病多年后于1914年去世，据称该病是从一名信徒那里感染的。
In 2016, Pope Francis canonized Brochero, the poncho-wearing, mate-sipping pastor who rode his mule Malacara to the far-flung peripheries of Argentina to minister to the poor. He died in 1914 after living for years with leprosy that he was said to have contracted from one of his faithful.
来自阿根廷的方济各还将玛丽亚·安东尼娅·德·帕斯·伊·菲格罗亚封为圣人，她最为人熟知的名字是其克丘亚语名“玛玛·安图拉”。利奥今天敦促阿根廷人效仿他们的榜样。
Francis, who hailed from Argentina, also canonized María Antonia de Paz y Figueroa, best known by her Quechua name of “ Mama Antula .”Leo urged Argentines today to follow in their example.
“我们都被召唤走向圣德，”他说。“这些圣人和真福品已完成他们在世上的使命。今天，轮到我们去追随他们留给我们的圣德光辉榜样。” 礼仪举行地点是阿根廷飞机制造厂的场地，这家工厂在20世纪大部分时间由空军运营，制造了阿根廷军方于1975年底首次用于打击左翼游击队的攻击机。
“We are all called to holiness,” he said. “These saints and blesseds have already fulfilled their mission on Earth. Today, it is our turn to follow the radiant example of holiness they have left with us.”The site for the liturgy was the grounds of the Argentine Aircraft Factory, a plant run by the air force for much of the 20th century that built the attack planes Argentina’s military first used in late 1975 to strike leftist guerrillas.
那场反叛乱行动是1976年至1983年军事独裁统治下释放国家恐怖主义的前奏，人权团体估计约有3万人在该时期被杀害或失踪。
That counterinsurgency campaign was a prelude to the state terror unleashed under the 1976-1983 military dictatorship , in which human rights groups estimate that around 30,000 people were killed or disappeared.
利奥在阿根廷期间仅对独裁统治作了简短提及。他在周日向哈维尔·米莱总统和政府当局发表的首次演讲中，谈到了阿根廷的历史，其中包含“值得感恩的理由和痛苦的记忆”。他当时表示，每一代人都要“辨别什么值得保留，直面过去的不公，并为其共同的物质和精神遗产增添新内容”，这些言论被视为指向独裁统治。
Leo has only made a passing reference to the dictatorship while in Argentina. In his first speech delivered Sunday to President Javier Milei and government authorities, he spoke of Argentina’s history that included “reasons for gratitude and painful memories.”He said then that it was up to each generation to “discern what deserves to be preserved, to confront past injustices and to add to its shared material and spiritual patrimony,” in comments seen as referring to the dictatorship.
周二弥撒结束后，利奥将在祭坛后的一个私人房间会见20人，他们由科尔多瓦总主教、枢机主教安赫尔·罗西挑选，代表该市的贫困和边缘群体。他们包括社区食堂工作人员、农村劳工、人口贩运幸存者权益倡导者，以及一名在寻找被独裁统治杀害亲属的女性，这一安排具有象征意义。
After Tuesday’s Mass, in a private room behind the altar, Leo is set to greet 20 people chosen by Córdoba’s archbishop, Cardinal Ángel Rossi, to represent the city’s poor and marginalized. They include soup kitchen workers, rural laborers, advocates for survivors of human trafficking and, in a gesture that carries symbolic weight, a woman searching for relatives killed by the dictatorship.
“能有机会见到他，这本身已经是一种姿态，表明他看到了我们，”64岁的阿尔芭·卡马戈说。1976年，年仅13岁的她被安全部队拘留，此前不久，她的父亲、继母、姑姑和叔叔全部被绑架，并被带到科尔多瓦郊外的秘密拘留中心拉佩尔拉。
“Giving us the opportunity to meet with him is already a gesture showing that he sees us,” said Alba Camargo, 64, who was detained by security forces in 1976 at age 13 shortly after her father, stepmother, aunt and uncle were all abducted and taken to La Perla, a secret detention center outside Córdoba.
“他的问候将是对我们所作所为的一种支持姿态，我们正在寻找亲人的遗骨，”她说。
“His greeting will be a gesture of support for what we’re doing, which is searching for the bones of our relatives,” she said.
两周前，法医人类学家发现并确认了拉佩尔拉九名失踪者的遗骸。拉佩尔拉是该独裁政权最大的秘密拘留和酷刑中心之一。
Two weeks ago, forensic anthropologists found and identified the remains of nine missing people from La Perla, one of the dictatorship’s largest clandestine detention and torture centers.
卡马戈说，她希望周二的会面“能带来改变”。当前，米莱政府大幅削减了对独裁时期纪念场所和寻找失踪者组织的拨款，并推行一种修正主义叙事，将军方的罪行说成不过是打击左翼游击队的战争中的过激行为。
Camargo said that she hoped Tuesday’s meeting “would bring change” at a time when Milei’s government has gutted funding for dictatorship memorial sites and organizations searching for the disappeared, and has promoted a revisionist account that casts the military’s crimes as little more than excesses in a war against leftist guerrillas.
“人们不断告诉你，你一辈子经历的事情不是真的，这让人精疲力竭，”卡马戈说。
“It’s exhausting to have people constantly telling you that what you’ve lived through your entire life isn’t true,” Camargo said.
利奥在科尔多瓦的东道主也是阿根廷教会中最直言不讳批评米莱的人之一。罗西是一名耶稣会士，上世纪70年代在豪尔赫·马里奥·贝尔戈利奥门下受训，数十年后贝尔戈利奥成为教皇方济各，并任命他为枢机主教。
Leo’s host in Córdoba is also one of the Argentine church’s most outspoken critics of Milei. Rossi, a Jesuit, trained under Jorge Mario Bergoglio in the 1970s, decades before Bergoglio became Pope Francis and made him a cardinal.
他一直为失踪者亲属奔走呼吁，并猛烈抨击米莱削减对残疾人和退休人员的援助，在5月的一次弥撒上称之为“国家和制度的施虐”。
He has advocated for relatives of the disappeared and railed against Milei’s cuts to aid for people with disabilities and retirees, calling it “state and institutional sadism” at a Mass in May.
周三，即利奥在阿根廷的最后一天，他将参观另一处与独裁历史相关的场所。布宜诺斯艾利斯的德沃托监狱曾在陆军第三军的管辖下充当秘密拘留和酷刑中心。
On Wednesday, Leo’s last day in Argentina, he will visit another site with a history linked to the dictatorship. The Devoto Prison in Buenos Aires functioned as a clandestine detention and torture center under the jurisdiction of the Army’s Third Corps.
该监狱于2012年被指定为记忆场所，以确保军事镇压不被遗忘，目前正在进行最终关闭，并将囚犯转移到一座新监狱。
Designated as a Memory Site in 2012 to ensure that the military repression isn’t forgotten, the prison is undergoing its definitive closure and transfer of inmates to a new complex.
利奥将前往那里与囚犯会面并为他们祈祷，正如方济各担任布宜诺斯艾利斯总主教时常做的那样。
Leo is going there to meet with inmates and pray with them, much as Francis used to do when he was archbishop of Buenos Aires.
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