
多年来,共和党人不遗余力地将国会监督政治化,并把矛头对准总统唐纳德·特朗普的敌人;如今,特朗普政府却向民主党人发出严厉警告,要求他们不要将国会监督政治化,用来针对特朗普及其身边的人。
After years of Republicans going to extraordinary lengths to politicize congressional oversight and target President Donald Trump’s enemies, his administration is now issuing stark warnings to Democrats to not politicize congressional oversight to target Trump and those around him.
近日,特朗普政府两次在即将到来的调查战中作出引人注目的初步表态。这场调查战将在特朗普政府与即将上任的民主党控制的国会之间展开。
Twice in recent days, the administration has offered remarkable initial salvos in the looming investigative battles between it and the incoming Democratic-controlled Congress.
在周日接受CNN采访时,司法部长托德·布兰奇没有排除一种可能:司法部将起诉那些威胁要以过于激进的方式调查特朗普政府官员的民主党议员。
During a CNN interview on Sunday, Attorney General Todd Blanche left open the possibility of the Justice Department prosecuting Democratic lawmakers who threaten to investigate Trump administration officials too overzealously.
而在周三,白宫法律顾问威尔·沙夫发出一封信,警告众议院监督委员会不要进行即将展开的调查,并称政府“不会任人勒索”。考虑到共和党人近年来利用政府权力打击特朗普对手的历史,而且这些做法在现代几乎没有先例,这两次表态都颇为讽刺。
And on Wednesday, White House counsel Will Scharf issued a letter cautioning the House Oversight Committee against forthcoming investigations and saying the administration “will not be extorted.”Both are rather rich, considering the recent history of Republicans leveraging governmental power to target Trump’s foes — in ways with little if any modern precedent.
在周三致即将上任的众议院监督委员会主席罗伯特·加西亚的信中,沙夫警告说,民主党人的监督“必须服务于正当的立法任务”,而不是试图行使行政和司法部门的刑事起诉职能。
In the Wednesday letter to incoming House Oversight Committee Chair Robert Garcia, Scharf warns that Democrats’ oversight “must further a legitimate legislative task,” rather than trying to serve the criminal-prosecution functions of the executive and judicial branches.
他提到可能出现“出于敌意、小气、仇恨或任何其他非法动机的非法程序”。他还提到民主党议员发出的“滥用且反复无常的威胁”。
He cites the possibility of “unlawful process motivated by animus, pettiness, hatred, or any other unlawful motive.”He also cites “abusive and capricious threats” from Democratic lawmakers.

沙夫的信与布兰奇周日的言论相呼应。特朗普在社交媒体上发文称,民主党人的调查威胁构成“最高级别的勒索”,随后布兰奇没有排除民主党人可能因此被起诉的可能性。
Scharf’s letter echoes Blanche’s comments from Sunday. After Trump posted on social media that Democrats’ investigative threats amounted to “extortion at the highest level,” Blanche left open the possibility that the Democrats could be prosecuted for it.
布兰奇引用了加西亚在选举之夜对政府说的两个词:“找律师。”“如果这都不让你不安,如果这都不让你的观众不安,那我们这个国家真的需要醒一醒了,因为这确实让我不安,”布兰奇对CNN的达娜·巴什说。
Blanche cited Garcia’s two-word statement to the administration on election night: “LAWYER UP.”“If that doesn’t bother you, if that doesn’t bother your viewers, then we really need to kind of wake up in this country, because it certainly bothers me,” Blanche told CNN’s Dana Bash.
但近年来,特朗普及其盟友对民主党人发出过大量非常类似的威胁:不过,也许更重要的是这一点:在调查“出于敌意、小气、仇恨”的“滥用且反复无常的威胁”这个问题上,本届政府早已失去了道德高地。特朗普本人曾把众多政治对手列为目标,往往是因为并不存在或牵强附会的所谓过错。他还一再承认自己无法放下对敌人的仇恨——包括在上周末播出的《60分钟》采访中。
But Trump and his allies have issued plenty of very similar threats to Democrats in recent years: Still, perhaps the bigger point is this: The administration long ago vacated the moral high ground when it comes to “abusive and capricious threats” of investigations “motivated by animus, pettiness, hatred.”Trump himself has targeted scores of his political foes, often for non-existent or thinly constructed supposed offenses. And he has repeatedly acknowledged he can’t set aside his hatred of his enemies — including in a “60 Minutes” interview that aired this past weekend.
路透社2025年11月的一项调查发现,在特朗普第二个任期不到一年的时间里,他已将至少470名个人、组织和机构列为报复目标。
A November 2025 Reuters investigation found that, in less than a year of Trump’s second term, he had targeted at least 470 people, organizations and institutions for retribution.
耐人寻味的是,他的政府调查了几乎所有针对特朗普的重大调查和法庭案件的相关负责人。
Tellingly, his administration has investigated people responsible for virtually every major investigation and court case against Trump.
而总统本人曾明确表示,他追求的不是问责,而是“报复”。“对于那些被冤枉和被背叛的人,我就是你们的报复,”他在2023年3月说。
And the president at one point explicitly signaled he was out not for accountability, but for “retribution.”“For those who have been wronged and betrayed, I am your retribution,” he said in March 2023.
他的司法部经常依据极其薄弱的证据对特朗普的对手提起刑事案件,而且往往是在特朗普的敦促下。
His Justice Department has regularly pursued criminal cases against Trump’s foes based on the thinnest of evidence, often at Trump’s urging.
其中几起案件已经瓦解——要么是因为它们没能跨过让大陪审团投票决定起诉这一通常非常低的门槛,要么是因为调查人员显然拿不出实据。其中包括:尽管特朗普的盟友指责拜登政府对特朗普进行政治起诉,但表明特朗普推动这些调查的证据,远多于表明前总统乔·拜登参与导致特朗普被起诉的证据。
Several of these cases have fallen apart — either because they didn’t clear the typically very low bar of getting a grand jury to vote to indict, or because those investigating the matter clearly couldn’t produce the goods. That includes: And despite Trump’s allies having accused the Biden administration of political prosecutions against Trump, there is far more evidence that Trump pushed these probes than there is that former President Joe Biden was involved in getting Trump indicted.

这些是刑事调查,而非国会监督。但即便在国会调查方面,共和党人也很难声称他们没有做过特朗普政府如今警告民主党人不要做的事。
These are criminal investigations, rather than congressional oversight. But even on congressional investigations, it’s pretty difficult for Republicans to claim they haven’t done what the Trump administration is warning Democrats not to do.
在预计于2024年举行的特朗普与拜登对决之前,众议院共和党人启动了对拜登的弹劾调查,其间经常夸大所谓“拜登犯罪家族”腐败的证据。他们对拜登的核心攻击之一,依据的是一名联邦调查局线人未经证实的说法,而此人后来对捏造该说法认罪。
Ahead of an expected 2024 matchup between Trump and Biden, the House GOP launched an impeachment inquiry against Biden that regularly involved overstating evidence of suppose corruption in the “Biden crime family.”One of their central attacks on Biden relied on an unverified claim from an FBI informant who later pleaded guilty to fabricating it.
共和党人最终甚至无法争取到足够多的本党共和党议员投票弹劾拜登,尽管他们并不需要任何民主党人的票。因此,这项调查从未服务于任何具体的立法目的——而这正是特朗普政府如今试图对民主党人划出的界线。
Republicans ultimately couldn’t even get enough of their own GOP members to vote to impeach Biden, despite not needing any Democratic votes. So the inquiry never served any concrete legislative purpose — the line the Trump administration is now trying to draw with Democrats.
在同一届国会中,共和党人还成立了一个特别委员会,号称要调查拜登政府对政府的“武器化”。该委员会同样大幅夸大了不当行为的证据,最终无声无息地收场。
In the same Congress, Republicans also launched a special committee supposedly probing the “weaponization” of government by the Biden administration. It, too, vastly overstated evidence of wrongdoing and went out with a whimper.
尽管如此,特朗普政府近几日展现出的强硬姿态至少在一定程度上具有政治意义。从理论上讲,政府可以通过辩称民主党人审视政府的意图过于激进,来搅浑水。
Still, the hard-edged front from the Trump administration in recent days at least makes some political sense. Theoretically, the administration could muddy the waters by arguing that Democrats are being overzealous in their intent to scrutinize the administration.
但民调显示,美国人看出了民主党人和共和党人在处理这些问题上的区别。
But the polls have suggested that Americans see the difference between how Democrats and Republicans have handled these issues.
虽然多数美国人认为对特朗普的起诉是正当的,但去年的民调显示,认为针对特朗普对手的案件被政治化且不正当的美国人比例高出两位数。
While majorities of Americans saw Trump’s indictments as legitimate, polling last year showed Americans said by double digits that the cases against Trump’s foes were politicized and illegitimate.
美国人也对拜登的弹劾调查持相当负面的看法。2023年初的一项民调显示,以20个百分点的差距,美国人认为共和党的“武器化”委员会大多“只是试图捞取政治分数”。快进到今天,美国人认为民主党控制的国会有大量值得调查的事情。
Americans also took a rather dim view of the Biden impeachment inquiry. And an early 2023 poll showed Americans said by 20 points that the GOP’s “weaponization” committee was mostly “just an attempt to score political points.”Fast forward to today, and Americans see plenty that’s worthwhile for the Democratic-controlled Congress to investigate.
近期民调显示,约三分之二的美国人表示特朗普利用总统职位中饱私囊,并且不当获利。大选前的一项美联社-NORC民调显示,六成美国人希望下一届国会将调查特朗普政府列为优先事项。
Recent polling has shown around two-thirds of Americans say that Trump is using the presidency to enrich himself and that he has inappropriately profited. And an AP-NORC poll before the election showed 6 in 10 Americans wanted the next Congress to make investigating the Trump administration a priority.
当然,民主党人也有可能做得过头——只有36%的人希望这成为该党最高优先事项之一——但并不缺乏能够产生结果的切实目标。而这似乎正是特朗普政府所担心的。
Of course, it is possible the Democrats could go too far with that — just 36% wanted it to be one of the party’s highest priorities — but there is no shortage of real targets that could produce results. And that’s what the Trump administration seems to fear.