美国总统唐纳德·特朗普将在下周出席于马尼拉举行的东盟峰会时，推动东南亚经济体加入“硅安”（Pax Silica）计划，这是他旨在使人工智能和芯片供应链“防范中国”的竞选主张。
US President Donald Trump will press Southeast Asian economies to join Pax Silica, his campaign to China-proof AI and chip supply chains, when he attends the Asean summit in Manila next week.
据知情人士透露，人工智能和关键矿产将是他在东南亚国家联盟（东盟）聚会上的重中之重，这也是他自其政党在期中选举中惨败以来的首次出访。
According to people familiar with the matter, artificial intelligence and critical minerals will top his agenda at the Association of Southeast Asian Nations gathering, his first trip abroad since his party’s bruising midterm defeats.
特别是，预计他将敦促地区领导人签署“AI Spark”计划，这是“硅安”面向东南亚的一个项目，向采用美国人工智能系统用于公共服务的政府提供资金和技术支持。
In particular, he is expected to urge regional leaders to sign up for AI Spark, a Pax Silica programme aimed at Southeast Asia that offers funding and technical support to governments that adopt American AI systems for public services.
消息人士告诉《南华早报》，预计在特朗普访问期间将宣布数项协议，其中包括印度尼西亚加入“硅安”。
Several deals were expected to be announced during Trump’s visit, including Indonesia joining Pax Silica, the sources told the South China Morning Post.
知情人士称，在东盟峰会间隙，特朗普将与澳大利亚、印度和日本领导人举行“四方安全对话”（Quad）会议，重点关注中国的军事扩张和经济胁迫。消息人士表示，这四位领导人预计将宣布提供8500万美元的技术和财政援助，用于印太地区的可信人工智能基础设施建设。
On the sidelines of the Asean summit, Trump will join a Quad meeting with leaders of Australia, India and Japan, focused on China’s military expansion and economic coercion. The sources said the four leaders were set to announce US$85 million in technical and financial aid for trusted AI infrastructure in the Indo-Pacific region.
消息人士还表示，特朗普预计将提出南海问题，上述人士因未获授权公开发言而要求匿名。
Trump was also expected to raise the South China Sea issue, the sources said, speaking on condition of anonymity.
特朗普定于周二抵达菲律宾首都马尼拉，并于周三飞往中国南方城市深圳出席亚太经合组织（APEC）峰会。
Trump is scheduled to arrive in the Philippine capital on Tuesday and fly to the southern Chinese city of Shenzhen on Wednesday for the Apec summit.
据消息人士透露，白宫早前曾要求在周二召开特朗普与东盟领导人的特别峰会，为特朗普提供一个推动其在人工智能及其他议程上主张的平台。
According to the sources, the White House had earlier asked for a special summit to be convened between Trump and Asean leaders on Tuesday, giving Trump a platform to push his agenda on AI and other issues.
但一位消息人士表示，东南亚经济体希望同时与美国公司和中国制造商合作，不愿被迫选边站队。
But one source said that Southeast Asian economies wanted to work with both American companies and Chinese manufacturers, and did not want to be forced to choose sides.
随着中国和美国争夺人工智能主导权，北京近几个月来加强呼吁各国深化该技术领域的合作，推行其自身框架——世界人工智能合作组织，这被广泛视为其对“硅安倡议”的回应。
With China and the US vying for AI dominance, Beijing has in recent months stepped up calls for countries to deepen cooperation in the technology, promoting its own framework, the World Artificial Intelligence Cooperation Organisation (Waico), widely seen as its answer to Pax Silica.
世界人工智能合作组织于7月成立，五个东南亚国家——柬埔寨、印度尼西亚、老挝、马来西亚和缅甸——是其创始成员国之一。新加坡和菲律宾是该地区仅有的两个“硅安倡议”签署国。
Waico was established in July and five Southeast Asian countries – Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia and Myanmar – are among its founding members. Singapore and the Philippines are the region’s only signatories to Pax Silica.
一位消息人士称，华盛顿早先坚持要求，想正式加入“硅安倡议”的国家不能参与世界人工智能合作组织。但美国国务院现在似乎愿意与非“硅安倡议”成员国达成协议，以提供发展和技术援助为交换，部署美国AI技术栈，实质上即“AI Spark”计划。
One source said Washington had earlier insisted that countries wanting to formally join Pax Silica had could not be part of Waico. But the US Department of State now appears willing to strike deals with non-Pax Silica members, offering development and technical assistance in exchange for deploying the US AI stack, essentially the AI Spark programme.
华盛顿的AI推进行动紧随“硅安倡议”设计者、国务院经济事务次卿雅各布·赫尔伯格于10月下旬至11月初访问新加坡、印度尼西亚和日本之后。在雅加达，他与高级官员讨论了超过20亿美元的潜在美国能源和技术交易。
Washington’s AI push follows a visit to Singapore, Indonesia and Japan by Pax Silica’s architect, undersecretary of state for economic affairs Jacob Helberg, from late October to early November. In Jakarta, he discussed more than US$2 billion in potential US energy and technology deals with senior officials.
即便如此，菲律宾和美国将不会在特朗普访问期间，就拟议在新克拉克城建设的“硅安倡议”产业中心签署或宣布任何协议。
Even so, the Philippines and the US will not sign or announce any agreement on the proposed Pax Silica industrial hub in New Clark City during Trump’s visit.
美国驻马尼拉大使李立顿周六表示，“从未计划过就‘硅安倡议经济安全区’作出此类宣布”，决定将“在适当时候与菲律宾政府充分协商后作出”。
US ambassador to Manila Lee Lipton said on Saturday that “no such announcement on the Pax Silica Economic Security Zone was ever planned” and that decisions would be made “in full consultation with the government of the Philippines at the appropriate time”.
菲律宾贸易次长塞费里诺·罗多尔福周二附和称，政府不希望“分散注意力，或抢走东盟和菲律宾提出的区域倡议的关注度”。
This was seconded on Tuesday by Philippine trade undersecretary Ceferino Rodolfo, who said the government did not want to “distract attention or take away attention from the regional initiatives that Asean and the Philippines are proposing”.
他补充说，该项目应有“属于它自己的专门时刻”，而不是搭便车挤进拥挤的东盟-亚太经合组织议程中。
He added that the project should have “its own dedicated moment” rather than being piggybacked on the crowded Asean-Apec agenda.
消息人士称，谈判仍在正轨上，没有重大实质性问题，马尼拉仍希望在今年年底前签署框架协议，以便计划中的两年发展时间表保持不变。
Sources suggest that negotiations remain on track with no major substantive issues, and Manila still hopes to sign the framework agreement before the end of this year so the planned two-year development timeline stays intact.
菲律宾驻美国大使何塞·曼努埃尔·罗穆亚尔德斯早些时候接受《南华早报》独家采访时表示，相关问题仍在讨论中，以便在峰会前最终敲定。他后来表示，该框架不太可能在特朗普访问前准备就绪，完成时间更可能是今年年底或2027年初。
Philippine ambassador to the US Jose Manuel Romualdez earlier told the SCMP exclusively that the issues were still being discussed for finalisation ahead of the summit. He later indicated that the framework was unlikely to be ready in time for Trump’s visit, with completion more likely by the end of this year or early 2027.
该项目在菲律宾当地也面临反对。塔拉克省卡帕斯的艾塔土著社区对可能被迫离开祖传土地表示担忧。
The project has also faced local opposition in the Philippines. Aeta indigenous communities in Capas, Tarlac, have raised concerns about potential displacement from ancestral lands.
学生团体、教师和活动组织也就环境风险、缺乏透明度以及担忧该中心可能加深该国卷入美中战略竞争而举行抗议。
Student groups, teachers, and activist organisations have also protested about environmental risks, lack of transparency and fears the hub could deepen the country’s entanglement in US-China strategic competition.
战略与国际问题研究中心地缘政治与外交政策部门总裁维克多·查上周表示，特朗普政府“专注于试图达成一些协议”。
Victor Cha, president of the geopolitics and foreign policy department at the Centre for Strategic and International Studies, said last week that the Trump administration was “focused on trying to make some deals” at the Asean summit.
查说：“我的理解是，至少在政府方面，部分愿望是，我不知道东南亚国家是否已接受，即试图让东盟国家就当前或未来承诺做出表态，倾向于美国的人工智能体系。”
“My understanding is that part of the aspiration, at least on the administration’s side, and I don’t know whether this has been accepted on the Southeast Asian countries, is to try to get current or future commitments by Asean countries to incline themselves towards the US AI stack,” Cha said.
消息人士称，白宫还要求周二举行一次晚宴，以便特朗普能与出席峰会的其他领导人会面。
The White House had also asked for a dinner on Tuesday so that Trump could meet other leaders attending the summits, the sources said.