阿比·塞韦尔 贝鲁特 — — 联合国维和行动负责人周三表示，随着长期运行的联合国维和部队即将结束，关于黎巴嫩南部的计划仍存在重大未解决问题。
ABBY SEWELL BEIRUT — The United Nations peacekeeping chief said Wednesday that major unresolved questions remain about plans for southern Lebanon as the end of a long-running U.N. peacekeeping force looms.
联合国在黎巴嫩南部的维和部队（即联黎部队）的任务将在今年年底到期，这将结束其近50年的存在。
The mandate of the U.N. peacekeeping force in southern Lebanon known as UNIFIL expires at the end of the year, bringing to an end a nearly 50-year long presence.
秘书长助理让-皮埃尔·拉克鲁瓦在访问贝鲁特期间告诉美联社记者：“黎巴嫩当局一致告诉我们，他们希望保持联合国的存在”，以监测和报告违规行为，并化解以色列和黎巴嫩部队在地面之间的紧张局势。
Undersecretary-General Jean-Pierre Lacroix told The Associated Press during a visit to Beirut that “the Lebanese authorities were unanimous in telling us they want to keep a U.N. presence” to monitor and report violations and defuse tensions between Israeli and Lebanese troops on the ground.
黎巴嫩官员一直在推动对联黎部队任务的最后时刻延期，但至今未果。
Lebanese officials have pushed for a last-minute extension of UNIFIL’s mandate, so far without success.
目前正在考虑几种潜在继任部队的方案，但拉克鲁瓦表示：“到目前为止，尚未就联合国在联黎部队之后（如果有的话）应是什么样子作出任何决定。”他补充说，他预计“谈判将在安理会层面认真展开”，并且应在该部队任务到期前作出决定。他说：“在谈判过程中，黎巴嫩当局的声音应当被清晰地听到。”
Several options are under consideration for a potential successor force, but “no decision has been made so far about what kind of U.N. presence, if anything, after UNIFIL,” Lacroix said, adding that he expects “negotiations will begin in earnest at the Security Council” soon and that a decision should be made before the force’s mandate expires. “The voice of the Lebanese authorities should be heard very clearly during that process of negotiation,” he said.
2025年8月，联合国安全理事会投票决定在2026年底终止联黎部队的任务，屈服于美国及其亲密盟友以色列的要求，后者指责联黎部队未能阻止真主党在黎巴嫩南部的军事建设。
The U.N. Security Council voted in August 2025 to terminate UNIFIL’s mandate at the end of 2026, bowing to demands from the United States and its close ally Israel, which accused UNIFIL of failing to halt Hezbollah’s military buildup in southern Lebanon.
此后，黎巴嫩南部的安全局势显著恶化，最新的以色列-真主党战争于3月爆发。
The security situation in southern Lebanon has worsened substantially since then, with the outbreak of the latest Israel-Hezbollah war in March.
尽管脆弱的停火目前得以维持，但以色列已经占领了黎巴嫩南部的广大地区，并继续进行其称之为针对真主党设施的拆除和打击行动，但这些行动也摧毁了数千所房屋，在某些情况下甚至夷平了整个村庄。
While a shaky ceasefire is in place, Israel has occupied a large swath of southern Lebanon and continues to carry out demolitions and strikes that it says target Hezbollah facilities but which have also destroyed thousands of homes, in some cases wiping out entire villages.
与此同时，得到伊朗支持的黎巴嫩激进组织真主党拒绝解除武装，许多人担心战争可能会再次爆发，尤其是如果伊朗和以色列之间的冲突重新升级的话。
The Iran-backed Lebanese militant group Hezbollah, meanwhile, has refused to disarm, and many fear that the war could reignite, particularly if fighting resumes between Iran and Israel.
黎巴嫩总统约瑟夫·奥恩在周三与拉克鲁瓦会面后表示，维和部队的撤离“将会在该地区制造安全真空，对当地的安全局势产生负面影响，并导致该地区失去任何国际监督”。欧盟已宣布计划向黎巴嫩派遣新的“支援任务”部队，但这些部队的主要任务将是训练黎巴嫩军队和其他安全部队，而不会接管联合国驻黎巴嫩临时部队（UNIFIL）在边境地区执行巡逻和监督违规行为方面的职责。
Lebanese President Joseph Aoun said in a statement Wednesday after meeting with Lacroix that a withdrawal of the peacekeeping force “would create a vacuum with negative repercussions for the security situation in the region and leave the area without any international oversight of unfolding events.”The European Union has announced plans for a new “support mission” for Lebanon, but it would focus on training the Lebanese army and other security forces and would not take on UNIFIL’s role in patrolling or monitoring violations in the border area.
在联合国驻黎巴嫩临时部队撤离后，一支名为联合国驻黎巴嫩观察员部队（UNTSO）的小型、非武装的观察团将继续留在该地区。
A small unarmed U.N. observer force known as UNTSO will remain after UNIFIL’s departure.
“但问题在于，这些观察员部队是否能够在没有联合国军事存在所提供的保护环境的情况下正常开展工作呢？”拉克鲁瓦问道。
“But the question is, are they able to operate without the kind of protecting environment that has to be provided by a U.N. military presence?”Lacroix said.
联合国驻黎巴嫩临时部队还负责护送援助车队，并协助仍生活在以色列占领区内的平民的撤离工作。目前尚不清楚在联合国驻黎巴嫩临时部队的任务结束后，这一职责将由谁来承担。
UNIFIL also escorts aid convoys and facilitates the movement of civilians still living in scattered pockets within the Israeli-occupied area bordered by what the Israeli military calls the “yellow line.”It is unclear who would take over that role once the mandate ends.
拉克鲁瓦还指出，维和部队在“联络与缓和冲突”方面发挥着重要作用，有助于防止以色列士兵与黎巴嫩士兵之间发生不必要的冲突。联合国驻黎巴嫩临时部队成立于1978年，其任务是监督以色列军队从黎巴嫩南部撤军；以色列曾在1982年再次入侵黎巴嫩，直到2000年才最终撤军。
Lacroix said peacekeepers also play a role in “liaison and de-confliction, avoiding unintended escalation between Israeli soldiers and Lebanese soldiers.”The U.N. Interim Force in Lebanon was created in 1978 to oversee the withdrawal of Israeli troops after Israel invaded and occupied southern Lebanon.
由于双方尚未就边界问题达成一致，联合国自行划定了黎巴嫩与以色列之间的边界线，这条边界线被称为“蓝线”，目前由联合国驻黎巴嫩临时部队负责监督和巡逻。
Israel invaded again in 1982, and it wasn’t until 2000 that it withdrew. In the absence of an agreed-upon border, the U.N. drew up a boundary between Lebanon and Israel known as the Blue Line, which UNIFIL monitors and patrols.
联合国在以色列与真主党之间持续一个月的2006年战争之后扩大了联黎部队的任务。其职责是监测并报告违反联合国安理会第1701号决议的行为，该决议终止了2006年的冲突。
The United Nations expanded UNIFIL’s mission following the monthlong 2006 war between Israel and Hezbollah. It was tasked with monitoring and reporting violations of U.N. Security Council Resolution 1701, which ended the 2006 fighting.
在2024年一场以色列与真主党之间的战争因停火而结束后，联黎部队成为监督停火执行机制的一部分， alongside 美国、法国、黎巴嫩和以色列，但该委员会后来被搁置，尤其是在3月又爆发一场以色列与真主党战争之后。
After a ceasefire ended another war between Israel and Hezbollah in 2024, UNIFIL was part of the mechanism set up to monitor the ceasefire implementation, along with the U.S., France, Lebanon and Israel, but the committee fell by the wayside, particularly after yet another Israel-Hezbollah war broke out in March.
目前，联黎部队在黎巴嫩有来自46个国家的约7500名维和人员，较峰值时的约10000人有所下降。当任务结束时，该部队将有一年时间收尾行动并撤离。
UNIFIL has about 7,500 peacekeepers from 46 countries in Lebanon now, down from a peak of around 10,000. When the mandate ends, the force will have one year to wrap up its operations and withdraw.