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以色列政坛煽动者伊塔马尔·本-格维尔是谁?他正随全球民粹右翼势力一同崛起Who is Itamar Ben-Gvir, the Israeli firebrand rising with the populist right across the globe?

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以色列定于10月27日举行大选,民调预测国家安全部长伊塔马尔·本-格维尔领导的“犹太力量党”将在120席的议会(Knesset)中赢得7至10个席位,这可能使由本雅明·内塔尼亚胡领导的利库德集团组建的任何未来政府都取决于其支持,并使他有望获得高级部长职位。

Polling ahead of Israel’s Oct. 27 election projects that National Security Minister Itamar Ben-Gvir’s Otzma Yehudit Party will win between seven and ten seats in the 120-member Knesset, potentially making any future government led by Benjamin Netanyahu’s Likud Party contingent on his support and positioning him to secure senior ministerial portfolios.

他的政治崛起反映了欧洲和西方更广泛的趋势,法国玛丽娜·勒庞和若尔丹·巴德拉领导的国民联盟、荷兰赫尔特·维尔德斯领导的自由党、澳大利亚“一个国家党”领导人保琳·汉森、意大利马泰奥·萨尔维尼以及德国“另类选择党”的爱丽丝·魏德尔等政党,都在传统保守派政党中获得了更多支持。

His political rise mirrors a broader trend across Europe and the West, where parties such as Marine Le Pen and Jordan Bardella's National Rally in France, Geert Wilders’ Party for Freedom in the Netherlands, Australia's One Nation leader, Pauline Hanson, Italy’s Matteo Salvini and Germany's Alice Weidel of the AfD have all gained ground on traditional conservative political parties.

备受争议的本-格维尔作为国家安全部长,负责监管内部安全事务,包括以色列警察、以色列监狱管理局以及民用枪支许可。

The highly controversial Ben-Gvir, as national security minister, oversees the ministry responsible for internal security, including the Israel Police, Israel Prison Service and civilian firearms licensing.

“我说过,如果本-格维尔部长在美国,他只会被称为一个得克萨斯人,”希伯伦犹太社区国际发言人、犹太力量党名单第12号候选人叶沙伊·弗莱舍尔对福克斯新闻数字频道表示。

"I always say that Minister Ben-Gvir, if he were in America, he would just be called a Texan," Yishai Fleisher, international spokesman for the Jewish community of Hebron and a candidate ranked No. 12 on the Otzma Yehudit list, told Fox News Digital.

在接受福克斯新闻数字频道视频采访时,弗莱舍尔继续说道:“意思是法治秩序、对凶手判处死刑、对监狱里的圣战分子实行严苛条件,以及普通犹太人拥有持枪权以便在我们的民族国家中自卫。这就是伊塔马尔·本-格维尔所代表的主张,”他补充道。

In a video interview with Fox News Digital, Fleisher continued, "Meaning law and order, the death penalty for murderers, tough conditions for jihadists in our prisons and gun rights for the average Jewish person to be able to defend themselves in our national state. That’s what Itamar Ben-Gvir stands for," he added.

以色列国家安全部长伊塔马尔·本-格维尔在以色列议会(克内塞特)举行的会议期间与总理本雅明·内塔尼亚胡交谈,会议在2026年以色列大选前克内塞特解散前举行,2026年7月16日摄于耶路撒冷。(罗南·兹武伦/路透社)Israel's Minister of National Security Itamar Ben-Gvir speaks with Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, during a session at the Knesset, Israel's parliament, before it dissolves ahead of the 2026 Israeli elections, in Jerusalem, July 16, 2026. (Ronen Zvulun/Reuters)

弗莱舍尔表示,大规模移民助长了欧洲部分地区的伊斯兰极端主义和动荡,以色列人希望避免出现类似事态。

Fleisher said that mass immigration had fueled Islamist extremism and unrest in parts of Europe, saying Israelis want to avoid similar developments.

“通过移民发生了圣战分子的接管,现在巴黎的街头正在燃烧,比利时和英国的民众想要夺回自己的国家,”弗莱舍说。“在以色列,我们不想看到特拉维夫燃烧,”这促使政客们拥抱美国所谓的“法治秩序”和“严打犯罪”候选人。

"There is a jihadist takeover that has come in through immigration, and now the streets of Paris are burning, and the people of Belgium and the U.K. want their countries back," Fleisher said. "In Israel, we don’t want to see Tel Aviv burning," prompting politicians to embrace what are known in the United States as "law-and-order" and "tough-on-crime" candidates.

前驻美以色列大使丹尼·阿亚隆表示,尽管本-格维尔缺乏服兵役经历且有过定罪记录,但他错失了改变路线的机会,认为他的任期反而产生了破坏性影响,包括损害了以色列的外交地位。

Former Israeli Ambassador to Washington Danny Ayalon said that Ben-Gvir had missed an opportunity to change course despite his lack of military service and past conviction, arguing that his tenure had instead had a damaging impact, including on Israel’s diplomatic standing.

以色列国家安全部长伊塔马尔·本-格维尔在耶路撒冷日当天造访阿克萨建筑群,犹太人称其为圣殿山,2025年5月26日摄于耶路撒冷老城。(阿马尔·阿瓦德/路透社)Israeli National Security Minister Itamar Ben-Gvir visits the Al-Aqsa compound, also known to Jews as the Temple Mount, during Jerusalem's Day, in Jerusalem's Old City May 26, 2025. (Ammar Awad/Reuters)

“本-格维尔的言论让全世界都反对以色列,通过发表使以色列成为弃儿国家的言论,将其描绘成一个种族主义国家,”阿亚隆说。

"Ben-Gvir spoke in a way that turned the entire world against Israel, portraying it as a racist country by making statements that made Israel a pariah state," Ayalon said.

弗莱舍赞扬了本-格维尔,称他在以色列南部打击了保护费勒索团伙,并在耶路撒冷圣殿山——犹太教最神圣的圣地——上为犹太人争取更大平等取得了重大进展,这是他所描述的。

Fleisher praised Ben-Gvir, who he said has cracked down on protection rackets in southern Israel and made significant progress toward what he described as greater equality for Jews on the Temple Mount in Jerusalem, Judaism’s holiest site.

“本-格维尔部长从很小的时候就是一名活动家。他看到了奥斯陆进程对巴勒斯坦人的危险和邪恶,并试图阻止它。他因此被逮捕和阻拦多次,多次面对法庭。正是当时的首席大法官阿哈龙·巴拉克曾对他说:‘你为什么不去读书当律师?’”弗莱舍说。

"Minister Ben-Gvir was an activist from a very young age. He saw the dangers and evils of the Oslo process with the Palestinians and tried to stop it. He was arrested and stopped many times because of that, and he faced the court many times. It was then-Chief Justice Aharon Barak who once told him, ‘Why don’t you go study to be a lawyer?’" Fleisher said.

自由党(PVV)领袖赫尔特·怀尔德斯在海牙众议院与议长会面后向媒体发表讲话,2023年11月24日摄。在其令人震惊的选举胜利后,荷兰极右翼激进人物赫尔特·怀尔德斯于周五启动了组阁的正式进程。Leader of the Party for Freedom (PVV) Geert Wilders speaks to the press after a meeting with Speaker of the House at the House of Representatives in The Hague, on November 24, 2023. After his shock election win, far-right Dutch firebrand Geert Wilders on Friday kicked off the formal process of build

本-格维尔学习了法律,投身公共和政治事务,于2021年首次当选为以色列议会议员。2022年大选后,他由总理本雅明·内塔尼亚胡任命为国家安全部长。

Ben-Gvir, who studied law, became active in public and political affairs and was first elected to the Knesset in 2021. Following the 2022 elections, he was appointed minister of national security by Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu.

他的许多批评者对他的激进风格以及许多人视为缺乏政治正确性的做法提出异议。前副外长阿亚隆大使告诉福克斯新闻数字频道,他也对本-格维尔担任国家安全部长的表现持负面看法。

His many critics have taken issue with his firebrand style and what many view as a lack of political correctness. Ambassador Ayalon, a former deputy foreign minister, told Fox News Digital that he also viewed Ben-Gvir’s performance as national security minister negatively.

“在他任内,以色列内部变得不那么安全,因为犯罪率在上升。许多年轻人在上次大选中相信,他将为内盖夫和加利利等边缘地区带来治理能力和权威,那里几乎没有法律可言,”阿亚隆说。

"During his tenure, Israel has become less secure internally because crime is rising. Many young people believed in the last election that he would bring governability and authority to areas such as the Negev and the Galilee, on the outskirts of the country, where there is almost no law," Ayalon said.

安保人员试图阻止克内塞特议员伊塔马尔·本-格维尔在以色列议会(克内塞特)会议上举起写有“耻辱”字样的标语牌,该会议召开旨在就纳夫塔利·贝内特领导的脆弱联盟组建的下届政府进行投票,贝内特由此成为以色列新任总理。Security attempted to prevent Knesset member Itamar Ben-Gvir from holding up signs reading "Shame' during a session at the Israeli Parliament (Knesset), which had convened to vote on the country's next government under Naftali Bennett, who became Israel's new Prime Minister by leading a fragile coal

2007年,本-格维尔因支持恐怖组织和煽动种族主义罪名成立被判刑。

In 2007, Ben-Gvir was convicted of supporting a terrorist organization and inciting racism.

他的竞选团队对福克斯新闻数字版表示,该定罪源于展示已故拉比梅尔·卡哈内的贴纸,后者的“卡赫”党于1994年被取缔,这反映了他对犹太民族主义运动的支持。

His campaign told Fox News Digital that the conviction stemmed from displaying a sticker of the late Rabbi Meir Kahane, whose Kach party was outlawed in 1994, and reflected his support for a Jewish nationalist movement.

“年轻时,本-格维尔部长是一名激进的犹太民族主义者。他曾多次公开表示,此后自己已成熟,并摒弃了那些立场。”本-格维尔近期在社交媒体账号上的帖子,以及通过内塔尼亚胡和利库德集团官方渠道发布的声明,引发了外界对两人是否仍完全保持一致的质疑。

"As a young man, Minister Ben-Gvir was an intense Jewish nationalist. He has said many times, publicly, that he has matured since then and moved on from those positions." Recent posts on Ben-Gvir’s social media accounts, along with statements issued through Netanyahu’s and Likud’s official channels, have raised questions about whether the two remain fully aligned.

一名示威者手持标语牌,上面印有以色列国家安全部长伊塔马尔·本-格维尔的照片及“贝都因人反对谋杀,你们失败了”字样,以色列阿拉伯少数族裔成员抗议,呼吁以色列政府保护内盖夫沙漠的阿拉伯社区免受犯罪和杀戮侵害。A demonstrator holds a sign with an image of Israeli National Security Minister Itamar Ben-Gvir and the words "The Bedouins against the murder, You failed" as members of Israel's Arab minority protest, calling on the Israeli government to protect Arab communities of the Negev desert from crime and k

10月15日,本-格维尔分享了一份希伯来语媒体报道,引述内塔尼亚胡称他不会再次担任国家安全部长。对此,本-格维尔写道:“亲爱的总理,只有人民才能决定。本-格维尔强大,以色列强大!”

On Oct. 15, Ben-Gvir shared a Hebrew-language media report quoting Netanyahu as saying that he would not serve again as national security minister. In response, Ben-Gvir wrote: "Dear Prime Minister, only the people will decide. Ben Gvir is strong, Israel is strong!"

上周三,内塔尼亚胡的利库德集团似乎改变了立场,在其官方WhatsApp频道发布消息称:“本-格维尔是我们政府的资深部长,他在下届政府中也将保持这一地位——前提是由左翼和阿拉伯政党组成的阵营没有获胜。”尽管有这些公开表态,阿亚隆表示,内塔尼亚胡仍可选择不在下届政府中纳入本-格维尔,即使这意味着要与加迪·艾森科特领导的“亚沙尔”等反对党结盟。

Last Wednesday, Netanyahu's Likud party appeared to reverse course, posting a message on its official WhatsApp channel stating: "Ben-Gvir is a senior minister in our government, and he will remain so in the next government — provided that the bloc consisting of the Left and Arab parties does not win." Despite the public statements, Ayalon said Netanyahu could opt not to include Ben-Gvir in the next government, even if it meant forming an alliance with opposition parties such as Gadi Eisenkot’s Yashar.

“内塔尼亚胡很精明。他留用本-格维尔是因为这合他的算计。如果他能,他一分钟就会甩掉他。比比能瞬间改变主意,”阿亚隆说。

"Netanyahu is brilliant. He kept Ben-Gvir because it suited him. If he could, he would get rid of him in a minute. Bibi is capable of changing his mind on a dime," Ayalon said.

弗莱舍将以色列人个人枪支和枪支许可证数量在四年内增加两倍、建立1000个快速反应小组、彻底改造监狱系统以及拆除9000座非法建筑(特别是在内盖夫地区)的功劳归于本-格维尔。

Fleisher credited Ben-Gvir with tripling the number of personal firearms and firearms licenses issued to Israelis over four years, establishing 1,000 rapid-response teams, overhauling the prison system and demolishing 9,000 illegally built homes, particularly in the Negev.

印有以色列国家安全部长伊塔马尔·本-格维尔(犹太力量党领袖)和总理本雅明·内塔尼亚胡(利库德集团领袖)头像的竞选横幅,2026年10月18日摄于以色列南部斯德洛特,靠近以色列与加沙边境。(路透社/阿米尔·科恩)Election banners with images of Israel's National Security Minister Itamar Ben-Gvir, leader of Jewish Power (Otzma Yehudit) party, and Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, leader of Likud party, in Sderot, near Israel's border with Gaza, in southern Israel, Oct.18, 2026. (Reuters/Amir Cohen)

3月,以色列议会批准了一项由“犹太力量党”及其他议员发起的死刑法案,本-格维尔大力推动了该措施。

In March, the Knesset approved a death-penalty law sponsored by Otzma Yehudit and other lawmakers, a measure Ben-Gvir has strongly championed.

“不再允许我们的监狱出现酒店般的条件。你们会知道自己正在为罪行受罚,这些简单的政策最终能遏制圣战主义,”弗莱舍对福克斯新闻数字频道表示。

"No more hotel-like conditions in our prisons. You’ll know you are being punished for your crime, and these simple policies ultimately deter jihadism," Fleisher told Fox News Digital.

“他们明白,他代表着对圣战分子接管我们土地的全方位反击。本-格维尔也代表着强烈的犹太身份认同、强有力的政策和强有力的法律,以确保我们不失去对国家的控制,”他说。

"They understand that he represents a full-throated pushback against the jihadist takeover of our land. Ben-Gvir also represents a strong Jewish identity, strong policies and strong laws to ensure that we don’t lose control of our country," he said.

最新民调显示,内塔尼亚胡阵营略微落后于由“以色列复原力党”主席加迪·艾森科特领导的反对派阵营,但双方都没有明确路径获得组建政府所需的61个议会多数席位。

The latest polls show Netanyahu’s bloc slightly behind the opposition, led by Yashar party chief Gadi Eisenkot, but neither side has a clear path to the 61 seats needed for a governing majority.

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