
过去两年里,他们占领大学、挤满城市广场,向塞尔维亚最强大的政治体制发起挑战。如今,一场始于学生要求为一起致命火车站坍塌事故追责的运动,在没有一名学生参选的情况下,取得了对执政体制的重大选举胜利。
For the last two years, they occupied universities, filled city squares and challenged Serbia’s most powerful political establishment. Now, a movement that began with students demanding accountability for a deadly railway station collapse, has scored a major electoral victory over the ruling establishment all without a single student contesting the election.
这个预计获胜的政党名为“学生名单”。但准备以其代表身份进入塞尔维亚议会履职的,并非学生。他们包括一名56岁的心脏病专家、一名前央行行长、一位著名篮球运动员、一名演员、一名歌剧演员,以及来自其他多个领域的专业人士。在诞生于大学校园的运动的团结与支持下,他们现在预计将把核心反腐诉求带入该国的政治机构。
The name of the projected winning party is the Student List. But the people preparing to take seats as its representatives in Serbia’s parliament are not students. They include a 56-year-old cardiologist, a former central bank governor, a celebrated basketball player, an actor, an opera singer and professionals from several other fields. United and backed by a movement born on university campuses, they are now expected to carry the core anti-corruption demands into the country’s political institutions.
无论是不是学生,“学生名单”预计获胜无疑将受到世界的关注——世界见证了学生们因腐败、公共建设、教育、就业保障等问题而产生的愤怒涌上街头。在塞尔维亚,这种愤怒现在似乎即将转化为议会权力,一场由学生支持的运动将其诉求从街头带到了政府的权力中枢。
But students or not, the projected victory of the Student List will undoubtedly be watched by a world that has seen students' anger over issues ranging from corruption and civic development to education and job security, spill out on to the streets. In Serbia, that anger now appears poised to translate into parliamentary power, with a student-backed movement taking its demands from the streets to the seats of government.THE STUDENT LISTThe Student List, registered as Studentska lista, secured around 52% of the vote and a projected 138 seats in the 250-member parliament, according to the first IpsosCeSID projection broadcast by N1 on October 25, 2026.
学生名单据N1电视台于2026年10月25日播出的首份Ipsos CeSID预测,“学生名单”(注册名为Studentska lista)获得约52%的选票,预计在250个议席的议会中赢得138个席位。由亚历山大·武契奇领导的塞尔维亚前进党(SNS)领导的联盟获得39.3%,预计赢得104个席位。正在等待共和国选举委员会的官方结果。
The alliance led by Aleksandar Vucic’s Serbian Progressive Party (SNS) received 39.3% and was projected to win 104 seats. Official results from the Republic Electoral Commission are awaited.
武契奇执政已达十年。这一结果对武契奇的政治主导地位构成重大挑战。这也是一场不同寻常的实验:一场由学生推动的运动,将其选举成败托付给学生政治圈外的人士,刻意让学生组织者不出现在候选人名单上。那么,究竟是谁在“学生名单”背后运作?一场没有学生候选人的运动,如何成为塞尔维亚预计最大的选举力量?
Aleksandar Vucic has been in power for 10 yearsThe result marks a major challenge to Vucic’s political dominance. It also presents an unusual experiment: a movement driven by students has entrusted its electoral success to people from outside student politics, deliberately keeping the student organisers off the ballot. So, who are the people behind the Student List, and how did a movement without student candidates become Serbia’s biggest projected electoral force?ILIJA SRDANOVIC: THE CARDIOLOGIST AT THE TOP OF THE LISTAt the top of the Student List’s candidate slate is 56-year-old Ilija Srdanovic, a cardiologist and professor based in Novi Sad.
伊利亚·斯尔达诺维奇:名单榜首的心脏病专家“学生名单”候选人名单榜首是56岁的伊利亚·斯尔达诺维奇,他是一名心脏病专家兼教授,常驻诺维萨德。他的专业背景反映了该运动决定寻求社会知名人士担纲,而非推出传统的学生政治家名单。随着运动从校园封锁演变为全国性的政治竞选,斯尔达诺维奇成为该运动最具知名度的代表人物之一。
His professional background reflects the movement’s decision to turn to established figures from society rather than produce a conventional slate of student politicians. Srdanovic became one of the movement’s most visible representatives as it evolved from campus blockades into a nationwide political campaign.
伊利亚·斯尔达诺维奇。在选举前夕,他形容该运动的能量不可阻挡。据英国广播公司(BBC)报道,斯尔达诺维奇表示,该名单旨在恢复公民在前政治建制下失去的民主社会核心价值观。但他位居候选人名单首位,并不自动使他成为该运动的总理人选。“学生名单”尚未提名总理候选人,强调该名单是集体努力的成果,而非某个人政治野心的工具。
Ilija Srdanovic. Ahead of the election, he described its energy as unstoppable. In comments reported by the BBC, Srdanovic said the list sought to restore the core values of a democratic society that citizens had lost under the previous political establishment. But his position at the top of the candidate list does not automatically make him the movement’s choice for prime minister. The Student List has not named a candidate for the post, stressing that the list is a collective effort rather than a vehicle for one individual’s political ambitions.
斯尔达诺维奇的角色体现了该运动核心的区别:学生创建了政治平台,而像他这样的专业人士则被期望在议会中代表该平台。德扬·索西奇:前央行行长名单上的另一位知名人士是德扬·索西奇,这位经济学家曾担任塞尔维亚国家银行行长。他在名单中排第27位,为寻求重塑国家体制的运动带来了货币政策和经济治理经验。
Srdanovic’s role captures the distinction at the heart of the movement: students created the political platform, while professionals such as him are expected to represent it within parliament.DEJAN SOSKIC: THE FORMER CENTRAL BANK GOVERNORAnother prominent name on the list is Dejan Soskic, an economist who previously served as governor of the National Bank of Serbia. Ranked 27th on the slate, he brings experience in monetary policy and economic governance to a movement seeking to reshape the country’s institutions.
德扬·索西奇。索西奇的名字已在关于谁可能出任高级政府职务(包括总理职务)的讨论中被提及。
Dejan Soskic. Soskic’s name has been mentioned in discussions about who could take on a senior government position, including the prime minister’s post.
然而,学生名单尚未宣布正式人选。随着该运动推进关于公共财政、国有企业以及官员任命的提案,他的背景可能变得尤为重要。该名单承诺遏制政治对公共机构的影响,并防止执政党忠诚者在国有企业中获得高级职位。索斯基奇的入选也说明了该运动如何试图将吸引力扩大到年轻抗议者之外,借助成熟的专业知识将其诉求转化为政策。
However, the Student List has not announced a formal choice. His background could become particularly relevant as the movement pursues proposals on public finances, state-owned enterprises and the appointment of officials. The list has pledged to curb political influence over public institutions and prevent ruling-party loyalists from securing senior positions in state-run companies. Soskic’s inclusion also illustrates how the movement has sought to broaden its appeal beyond young protesters, drawing on established expertise to turn its demands into policies.DEJAN BODIROGA, TIHOMIR STANIC AND OTHER FACESThe Student List’s candidates also include prominent figures from sport and the arts, giving the movement a public profile that extends well beyond university campuses.
德扬·博迪罗加、蒂霍米尔·斯塔尼奇及其他面孔学生名单的候选人还包括体育和艺术界的知名人士,使该运动的公众形象远远超出了大学校园。前篮球明星德扬·博迪罗加在名单中排名第24位,如果初步预测成真,他将是预计进入议会的熟悉面孔之一。德扬·博迪罗加。著名演员蒂霍米尔·斯塔尼奇排名第八,是另一位知名候选人。蒂霍米尔·斯塔尼奇。
( c)排在第46位,也出现在这份候选人名单中。
Former basketball star Dejan Bodiroga, ranked 24th on the list, is among the familiar faces expected to enter parliament if the preliminary projections hold. Dejan Bodiroga. Renowned actor Tihomir Stanic, ranked eighth, is another prominent candidate. Tihomir Stanic. (Credits: InstagramTihomir Stanic)Opera singer Nikola Mikic, ranked 46th, also features on the slate.
他们的加入反映了该运动试图将具有不同职业经历的人们聚集在一个共同的政治纲领之下。
Their inclusion reflects the movement’s attempt to bring together people with different professional experiences under a common political programme.
学生们没有依赖既定的政党领导人,而是选择了他们认为能够在公共机构内部代表其诉求的候选人。该名单还包括教授、医生、农民、活动人士和其他专业人士。
Rather than relying on established party leaders, the students selected candidates whom they believed could represent their demands inside public institutions. The list also includes professors, doctors, farmers, activists and other professionals.
学生们表示,这些候选人是从被称为全体大会的集会中产生的,而不是通过传统的政党协商。
The students have said the candidates emerged from their assemblies, known as plenums, rather than from traditional party negotiations.
这种区别很重要:候选人们来自不同的背景,但他们的政治授权与一个一直力求保持领导层集体化并对最初诉求负责的运动息息相关。学生抗议活动蔓延至全欧洲塞尔维亚的学生主导运动可以被视为欧洲更广泛的青年动员浪潮的一部分,在欧洲各地,学生们正因教育经费、生活成本上升、住房短缺和政府问责等问题走上街头。
The distinction is important: the candidates come from different backgrounds, but their political mandate is tied to a movement that has sought to keep leadership collective and accountable to its original demands.STUDENT PROTESTS SPREAD ACROSS EUROPESerbia’s student-led movement can be seen to be a part of a wider wave of youth mobilisation across Europe, where students are taking to the streets over education funding, rising living costs, housing shortages and government accountability.
在法国,因教师短缺、教室过度拥挤和学校基础设施简陋,学校封锁和游行示威活动已在全国蔓延。法国的抗议活动比利时和意大利的学生也抗议教育经费削减和设施恶化,而爱尔兰的示威活动则主要集中在大学学费和可负担住房上。
In France, school blockades and demonstrations have spread nationwide over teacher shortages, overcrowded classrooms and poor school infrastructure. Protests in FranceStudents in Belgium and Italy have also protested against education funding cuts and deteriorating facilities, while demonstrations in Ireland have focused on university fees and affordable accommodation.
欧洲学生联合会(European Students’ Union)在2026年3月至5月期间记录了22个国家的54起学生抗议行动,凸显了这场动荡的地域分布之广。欧洲各地爆发学生抗议活动然而,这些抗议并非单一协调运动的一部分。
The European Students’ Union recorded 54 student protest actions across 22 countries between March and May 2026, highlighting the geographical spread of the unrest. Europe rocked with student protestsHowever, the protests are not part of a single coordinated movement.
它们的要求因国家而异,从更好地获得教育、改善生活条件,到反对腐败和对民主治理的担忧。如果没有学生参选,为什么它被称为“学生名单”?答案在于该运动是如何形成的,以及它选择如何参与选举政治。
Their demands vary by country, ranging from better access to education and improved living conditions to opposition to corruption and concerns over democratic governance.WHY IS IT CALLED THE STUDENT LIST IF NO STUDENTS ARE CONTESTING? The answer lies in how the movement was formed and how it chose to enter electoral politics.
2024年11月1日,诺维萨德一座经翻修的火车站的混凝土顶棚坍塌,造成16人死亡,该运动在此之后拉开序幕。
The movement began after a concrete canopy at the renovated railway station in Novi Sad collapsed on November 1, 2024, killing 16 people.
这场灾难引发了广泛愤怒,批评人士将重建项目与腐败和疏忽联系起来。
The disaster triggered widespread anger, with critics linking the reconstruction project to corruption and negligence.
11月22日,贝尔格莱德戏剧艺术学院的学生在为遇难者举行的静默守夜活动中遭到袭击。
On November 22, students at Belgrade’s Faculty of Dramatic Arts were attacked during a silent vigil for the victims.
他们以占领学院作为回应,封锁行动很快蔓延至塞尔维亚各地的大学。抗议活动最初聚焦于对追究责任的要求。
They responded by occupying their faculty, and blockades soon spread to universities across Serbia. The protests initially focused on demands for accountability.
学生们要求公开与火车站重建相关的文件、对袭击抗议者的人采取行动、撤销对被捕示威者的指控,并将高等教育经费增加20%。
Students wanted the publication of documents relating to the station’s reconstruction, action against those who attacked protesters, the withdrawal of charges against arrested demonstrators and a 20% increase in higher-education funding.
随着运动扩大,学生们通过全体会议组织起来——这是一种开放式的大会,与会者可以在其中发言和投票。
As the movement expanded, students organised through plenums - open assemblies where participants could speak and vote.
代表们定期轮换,这有助于防止该运动依赖于单一领导人或一小群公众人物。
Representatives rotated regularly, helping prevent the movement from becoming dependent on a single leader or a small group of public figures.
抗议活动超越了大学校园,吸引了农民、艺术家、专业人士和社会其他阶层的支持。
据独立的“公众集会档案馆”统计,2025年3月15日,贝尔格莱德的一场集会吸引了约27.5万至32.5万人。
The protests grew beyond university campuses, attracting support from farmers, artists, professionals and other sections of society.A rally in Belgrade on March 15, 2025, drew an estimated 275,000 to 325,000 people, according to the independent Archive of Public Gatherings.
内政部估计,最高出席人数达到10.7万人。到2025年5月,学生们呼吁举行提前大选。他们随后制定了一份政治纲领和候选人遴选规则。这些规则将学生以及此前属于执政联盟或在议会反对派中担任过官方职务的人排除在外。这一决定意味着,该运动不会简单地把学生组织者变成政治人物。相反,它将从更广泛的塞尔维亚社会中挑选人员,将他们的诉求带入议会。“学生名单”这个名字因此反映的是推动该运动的力量,而不是其候选人的职业背景。
The interior ministry put the peak attendance at 107,000. By May 2025, the students were calling for a snap election. They subsequently developed a political programme and rules for selecting candidates. Those rules excluded students, as well as people who had previously belonged to the ruling coalition or held official positions in the parliamentary opposition. The decision meant that the movement would not simply turn its student organisers into politicians. Instead, it would select people from wider Serbian society to take its demands into parliament. The Student List’s name therefore reflects the force behind the movement, not the professional backgrounds of its candidates.WHAT DOES THE STUDENT LIST WANT TO CHANGE?
“学生名单”想要改变什么?该运动的纲领核心是打击腐败、加强司法和检察机关的独立性、改善公共服务以及减少政治对国家机构的影响。其提议包括更严格的公共采购规则、对重大建设项目的独立审查、对公共广播公司的改革,以及防止政治忠诚分子被任命领导国有企业的措施。它还承诺改善教育、医疗和农业,并提高最低工资。
The movement’s programme centres on fighting corruption, strengthening the independence of the judiciary and prosecution, improving public services and reducing political influence over state institutions. Its proposals include stricter public procurement rules, independent reviews of major construction projects, reforms to the public broadcaster and measures to prevent political loyalists from being appointed to lead public enterprises. It has also promised improvements in education, healthcare and agriculture, along with a higher minimum wage.
在外交政策方面,“学生名单”强调了塞尔维亚的主权、领土完整和军事中立,同时对处理欧盟关系的方法提供的信息较少。这些提议现在将由当选代表采纳——即被挑选来将学生的诉求带入立法机关的医生、经济学家、艺术家和其他专业人士。
On foreign policy, the list has emphasised Serbian sovereignty, territorial integrity and military neutrality, while providing fewer details about its approach to the European Union. These proposals will now have to be taken up by the elected representatives - the doctors, economists, artists and other professionals selected to carry the students’ demands into the legislature.CAN A STUDENT-LED MOVEMENT GOVERN THROUGH NON-STUDENT POLITICIANS?
一个由学生主导的运动能通过非学生政治人物来执政吗?“学生名单”预计的胜利只是一个更大挑战的第一阶段。
The Student List’s projected victory is only the first stage of a much larger challenge.
它现在必须将一场抗争运动转变为一个运转良好的议会力量,并证明其挑选的代表能够兑现竞选期间承诺的变革。
It must now turn a protest movement into a functioning parliamentary force and demonstrate that its chosen representatives can deliver the changes promised during the campaign.
学生们表示,他们选出的候选人预计将把这场斗争从街头转移到公共机构中。
The students have said their elected candidates are expected to transfer the struggle from the streets into public institutions.
然而,谁将领导政府、这些议员将如何协调他们的工作,以及该运动将如何让他们对自身的纲领负责,这些问题依然存在。
But questions remain over who will lead the government, how the MPs will coordinate their work and how the movement will hold them accountable to its programme.
在初步预测结果出现后,于9月27日辞去总统职务并竞选总理的武契奇承认了败选。
Vucic, who resigned as president on September 27 to run for prime minister, conceded defeat after the preliminary projection emerged.
他此前曾将这些抗争指称为有外国支持的、旨在破坏塞尔维亚稳定的企图,学生运动拒绝了这一说法。最终的结果和随后的谈判将决定新政府的组成。
He has previously portrayed the protests as a foreign-backed attempt to destabilise Serbia, a claim rejected by the student movement. The final results and subsequent negotiations will determine the composition of the new government.
塞尔维亚议会必须在正式结果公布后30天内召集开会,并且必须在90天内选出政府,否则议会将面临解散。
Serbia’s parliament must convene within 30 days of the official results, and a government must be elected within 90 days or parliament faces dissolution.
对发起这场运动的学生来说,目前任务是确保他们的诉求在从抗争向政治的过渡中存续下来。
For the students who launched the movement, the task now is to ensure that their demands survive the transition from protest to politics.
对他们挑选的候选人来说,挑战在于证明来自社会不同阶层的人能够合作,以改革他们当选去改变的机构。
For the candidates they selected, the challenge is to prove that people drawn from different parts of society can work together to reform the institutions they were elected to change.
学生名单的候选人名单中可能没有学生,但其政治身份依赖于赋予其名称的运动。
The Student List may have no students on its candidate slate, but its political identity rests on the movement that gave it its name.
这种身份能否将一群多元化的议员凝聚在一起,并把公众的愤怒转化为持久的改革,将决定塞尔维亚的下一步走向。——完
Whether that identity can hold together a diverse group of parliamentarians - and translate public anger into lasting reform - will determine what comes next for Serbia.- Ends