巴西低收入群体用于信用卡债务的收入比例是高收入群体的四倍，央行称作者：Marcela Ayres巴西利亚，10月27日——低收入巴西人用于信用卡及其他高成本消费借款的利息支出在不断上升，促使政策制定者考虑如何降低过度负债。
Poorer Brazilians devote four times more income to credit card debt, central bank says By Marcela Ayres BRASILIA, Oct 27 - Lower-income Brazilians are devoting an increasing share of their earnings to interest on credit-card- and other high-cost consumer borrowing, prompting policymakers to consider how to reduce excessive debt.
最新的央行数据显示，自2023年底以来，巴西在卢拉总统（Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva）本届任期的第一年，对昂贵信贷的依赖程度在增加。卢拉政府长期主张扩大信贷供给，以支持经济增长。
The new central bank data point to a growing reliance on expensive forms of credit since late 2023, in the first year of President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva's current term. Lula's administration has long championed greater credit availability as a way to support economic growth.
但在最新的金融稳定报告中，央行再次对家庭预算中用于高息借款的比例上升表示担忧，并重申正在研究针对风险更高的贷款领域的宏观审慎措施。
But in its latest financial stability report, the central bank again flagged concern over the rising portion of household budgets absorbed by the servicing of high-interest borrowing and reiterated that it was studying macroprudential measures aimed at riskier lending segments.
在收入不超过最低工资两倍（即每月3,242雷亚尔，约合604美元）的借款人中，6月份用于信用卡债务的收入比例为15%，接近历史高位，是收入超过最低工资十倍以上人群3.75%的四倍。
Among borrowers earning up to twice the minimum wage, or 3,242 reais ($604) in total, the share of income being spent on credit card debt stood at 15% in June, close to historical highs and four times the 3.75% recorded among those earning more than 10 times the minimum wage.
这一差距在无担保消费贷款中也同样明显。对收入不超过最低工资两倍的借款人而言，6月份用于偿还该类债务的收入比例为9.6%，而收入超过最低工资十倍以上的人群为3.1%。
The gap was also evident in unsecured consumer loans. For borrowers earning up to twice the minimum wage, the share of income committed to servicing that debt stood at 9.6% in June, compared to 3.1% among those earning more than 10 times the minimum wage.
央行表示，金融服务的快速数字化显著提升了向低收入消费者提供信贷的可得性，从而导致债务水平上升。
The central bank said the rapid digitalization of financial services had significantly increased the availability of credit offers to lower-income consumers, and thus raised debt levels.
央行称：“为此，央行正考虑针对高风险信贷领域的宏观审慎措施，以降低过度负债，增强信贷可持续性和金融体系韧性”，但未提供具体细节。
"In response, the central bank is considering macroprudential measures targeting higher-risk credit segments to reduce overindebtedness and strengthen credit sustainability and financial system resilience," it said, without providing details.
报告称，家庭和企业的偿债能力均面临压力。在家庭方面，债务负担已达到21年来的最高水平，其中低收入借款人首当其冲。央行表示，信用风险已经上升，并可能在短期内继续处于高位。
The report said debt-servicing capacity is strained for both households and companies. Among families, debt burdens have reached their highest level in 21 years, with low-income borrowers bearing the brunt. The central bank said credit risk has increased and is likely to remain elevated in the near term.
家庭贷款中的不良资产在大多数信贷类别中均已升至2012年以来的最高水平，主要受拖欠推动，而违约指标显示，压力将在今年下半年持续存在。
Troubled assets in household lending have risen across most credit segments to their highest levels since 2012, driven primarily by delinquency, while default indicators point to continued pressure through the second half of the year.