加利福尼亚州正为洪水做准备，因为一条所谓的“大气河”将擦过该州南部，随后在本周末穿越墨西哥北部进入美国西南部。
California is bracing for flooding as a so-called atmospheric river delivers a glancing blow to the south of the state, before moving across northern Mexico into the US Southwest this weekend.
国家气象局表示，由于西北风将潮位推高至正常水平以上近2英尺（61厘米），圣地亚哥和洛杉矶周边地区的沿海洪水警报和提示将持续到周五。潮位高于正常水平，部分原因是满月，以及由不断增强的厄尔尼诺现象产生的开尔文波。
Coastal flood warnings and advisories are up through Friday as northwest winds push tides nearly 2 feet (61 centimeters) above normal around San Diego and Los Angeles, the National Weather Service said. The higher-than-normal tides are caused in part by the full moon, as well as Kelvin waves produced by the strengthening El Niño.
包括菲尼克斯在内的亚利桑那州中部也发布了洪水预警，有效期至周五。
Flood watches have also been issued for central Arizona, including Phoenix through Friday.
美国天气预测中心气象学家詹妮弗·泰特表示：“加利福尼亚州可能会受到一些影响，但我们最担心的是更东边的地区。亚利桑那州可能会出现潜在的强降雨。这场天气过程最主要的部分似乎将出现在周日。”据美国国家海洋和大气管理局介绍，大气河是横跨太平洋数千英里的长条状水汽羽流，携带的水量相当于密西西比河河口的流量。电视气象主播有时称这种现象为“菠萝快车”，它按五级等级分级，一级和二级风暴实际上是有益的，三级以上则破坏性更大。
“California could get something, but it is really farther east of there that we are most concerned about,” said Jennifer Tate, a meteorologist at the US Weather Prediction Center said. “It is going to be potentially heavy rainfall especially for Arizona. The biggest part of the event looks to be Sunday.”Atmospheric rivers are long plumes of moisture traveling thousands of miles across the Pacific and bringing as much water with them as passes through the mouth of the Mississippi River, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The phenomenon, sometimes called the Pineapple Express by television meteorologists, are ranked on a five-step scale with category one and two storms actually being beneficial and those above three more destructive.
西部天气与水文极端情况中心表示，预报显示，加利福尼亚州将避免未来几天到来的大气河直接袭击。墨西哥下加利福尼亚州部分地区可能遭遇三级至四级事件，这将把暴雨带入亚利桑那州，天气预测中心称，亚利桑那州周六至周日有15%的几率出现过量降雨。
The forecast shows California will be spared a direct hit from the atmospheric river set to arrive in the next few days, the Center for Western Weather and Water Extremes said. Parts of Mexico’s Baja California could see up to a category three and four event and this is what will carry the downpours into Arizona, where there is a 15% chance of excessive rainfall Saturday into Sunday, the Weather Prediction Center said.
南加州在同一时段内有 5% 的几率出现过量降雨。洛杉矶市中心将在周六夜间迎来最大降雨概率，整个县在周末可能降下 0.5 到 1.5 英寸的雨量。
Southern California has a 5% chance of excessive rain through the same time period. Downtown Los Angeles will see its greatest chance for rain Saturday night and the entire county may get from 0.5 to 1.5 inches through the weekend.
美国国家气象局警告家长，针对万圣节前后一年一度的“不给糖就捣蛋”庆祝活动，“要准备好备选活动方案”。
The National Weather Service warns parents to “have backup event plans ready to go” for the annual Trick or Treat celebrations around Halloween.
增强的太平洋厄尔尼诺现象通常会给从加利福尼亚到佛罗里达的美国南部带来暴雨，这增加了金州发生洪水、泥石流和财产损失的风险。厄尔尼诺成为历史级事件的可能性依然很高，它将成为 1950 年有记录以来最强的一次，其影响将持续数月。
The strengthening Pacific El Niño typically pours heavy rain into the southern US from California to Florida, which raises the risks of flooding, mudslides and property damage across the Golden State. The chances remain high El Niño will be a historic event that would be the strongest in records dating back to 1950 and that its effects would linger for months.
与此同时，美国国家气象局表示，几乎所有夏威夷有人居住的岛屿均已发布洪水预警，大雨预计将从夜间持续到周四。存在突发洪水、道路封闭和滑坡的可能性。
Meanwhile, flood watches are up for almost all of Hawaii’s populated islands where heavy rain was set to fall overnight into Thursday, the National Weather Service said. There is a chance for flash flooding, roads being closed and landslides.