也门萨那——载着胡塞武装人员遗体的皮卡车偶尔驶过萨那的街道。车斗里，持枪武装人员陪伴着阵亡武装人员走完通往墓地的最后一程。
Sanaa, Yemen – Pickups carrying the bodies of Houthi fighters occasionally travel through the streets of Sanaa. Alongside them in the back, gunmen accompany the fallen fighters on their final journey to the cemetery.
一首名为《我们的烈士是我们的伟人》的歌曲从行驶的车辆中大声回荡着，吸引了过往行人的注意。在墓地里，哀悼者肃穆地向阵亡武装人员致敬，并表达对他们家属的声援。过去几周里，武装人员的葬礼在也门屡见不鲜。
A song known as “Our martyrs are our greats” echoes loudly from the moving vehicles, drawing the attention of passersby. At the cemetery, mourners solemnly pay their respects to the fallen fighters and show solidarity with their families. Funerals of fighters have been a recurring sight in Yemen over the past few weeks.
本月早些时候，也门政府表示，其部队在二十四小时内打死打伤了1540名胡塞武装人员。上周，政府表示自10月5日以来已有1万6100名胡塞武装人员和指挥官阵亡或受伤。
Earlier this month, the Yemeni government said its forces killed or wounded 1,540 Houthis in 24 hours. Last week, the government said 16,100 Houthi operatives and commanders had been killed or wounded since October 5.
在过去的几周里，胡塞武装也打死了数百名亲政府部队士兵，其中10月19日对舍卜沃一处安全营地的导弹袭击造成70多名政府军士兵死亡.虽然阵亡武装人员的家属在墓地里得到了短暂的公众致敬，但他们的悲痛和失落却在葬礼结束后久久难平。对他们而言，生活变得更加艰难，经济困顿加剧，悲伤成了挥之不去的伴侣。
Houthis have also killed hundreds of pro-government troops over the past few weeks, with an October 19 missile attack on a security camp in Shabwa killing more than 70 government soldiers. While the families of the deceased fighters receive fleeting public tributes at cemeteries, their grief and loss endure long after the funerals. For them, life has become more difficult, economic hardships have deepened and sorrow is a constant companion.
23岁的萨那居民阿克拉姆对半岛电视台表示：“我兄弟阿卜杜勒阿齐兹于10月10日壮烈牺牲，这让我们心碎，也夺走了我们的安心。我们可以用微笑来掩饰痛苦，但我们的内心充满了无底的悲痛。”
“The martyrdom of my brother, Abdulaziz, on October 10 broke us and robbed us of peace of mind. We could smile to hide our pain, but our hearts are filled with bottomless grief,” Akram, a 23-year-old resident of Sanaa, told Al Jazeera.
阿克拉姆说，21岁的阿卜杜勒阿齐兹在被招募两个月后，在也门西南部的杜巴布与胡塞武装并肩作战时阵亡。
Abdulaziz, 21, was killed in Dhubab, in southwestern Yemen, while fighting alongside the Houthi group, two months after being recruited, Akram said.
在阿卜杜勒阿齐兹前往前线之前，这对兄弟在萨那做建筑或农业的日薪零工。当他们能找到工作时，他们会把收入凑在一起，以支付六口之家的生活开支。阿克拉姆说，这使得家庭的经济困难“尚可应付”。如今，他失去了兄弟，为家庭维持基本开支变得更加困难。
Before Abdulaziz went to the front line, the two brothers worked in Sanaa as daily-wage workers in construction or agriculture. When they managed to get work, they pooled their earnings to cover the living expenses of their six-member family. That made the family’s financial difficulties “manageable”, said Akram. Today, he struggles without his brother and covering the family’s basic needs has become a harder task.
“我失去了我的支柱阿卜杜勒阿齐兹。他和我的收入过去用于支付水、电和食物开支。没有他，我就像一只只有一只翅膀的鸟，背负着如此多的责任，”阿克拉姆说。
“I lost my pillar of strength, Abdulaziz. His income, along with mine, used to cover water, electricity and food expenses. Without him, I am like a bird with one wing, burdened by so many responsibilities,” said Akram.
过去几天，也门胡塞武装控制的西北部汽油和柴油价格上涨了10%，增加了基本商品的成本，给像阿克拉姆这样的困难家庭带来了更大压力。
Over the past few days, petrol and diesel prices have risen by 10 percent in Houthi-controlled northwestern Yemen, adding to the cost of basic goods and increasing pressure on struggling families, such as Akram’s.
“说到支付水费、电费或购买杂货，你的亲人是不是烈士都不重要。你必须付钱，否则就得饿死，”阿克拉姆说。
“When it comes to paying the fees for water, electricity, or buying groceries, it does not matter if your relative is a martyr or not. You have to pay or starve to death,” said Akram.
在过去几个月里，也门沙特支持的政府军与控制该国部分地区的伊朗结盟的胡塞武装之间的战斗出现重大升级。
In recent months, Yemen has faced a major escalation in fighting between Saudi-backed government forces and the Iran-aligned Houthi group that controls parts of the country.
世界粮食计划署方案运营助理执行主任马修·霍林沃思本月早些时候表示，最新的升级“对粮食安全构成绝对毁灭性的威胁”。
The latest escalation “threatens to be absolutely devastating” for food security, said the World Food Programme’s Assistant Executive Director for Programme Operations, Matthew Hollingworth, earlier this month.
“我们正面临一场将随着持续而加剧的饥饿危机，”霍林沃思补充道。
“We are looking at a hunger crisis that is going to grow as it persists,” Hollingworth added.
胡塞武装于2014年9月夺取也门首都萨那，随后控制了也门北部和西部的大部分地区。此后，冲突一直未得到解决。
The Houthis seized Yemen’s capital, Sanaa, in September 2014 and subsequently took control of much of northern and western Yemen. Since then, the conflict has remained unresolved.
像胡塞武装控制地区许多其他阵亡战士的家庭一样，胡塞当局给阿克拉姆的家庭发放了包括面粉、食用油、大米和糖在内的食品篮。
Like many other deceased fighters’ families in Houthi-controlled areas, Houthi authorities gave Akram’s family a food basket, which included flour, cooking oil, rice and sugar.
然而，食品或财政援助的供应不规律，萨那居住的55岁阵亡战士父亲阿里·亚希亚告诉半岛电视台。
However, the supply of food or financial assistance is irregular, Sanaa-based Ali Yahia, a 55-year-old father of a deceased fighter, told Al Jazeera.
“我的儿子四年前在沙特-也门边境为萨那政府作战时被杀。从那以后，我在不同时间收到过食品篮。有时，我一年收到两次或三次，或四次，”他说。
“My son was killed four years ago on the Saudi-Yemen border when he was fighting for the Sanaa-based government. Since then, I have received food baskets at different times. Sometimes, I receive them twice a year or thrice a year, or four times a year,” he said.
叶海亚认为，这样的支持还不够，他主张“公平的补偿”至少应是每月200美元的工资。“这笔钱能帮助一个家庭应付每月的基本开销，”他说。
For Yahia, this support is insufficient, and he argues that “fair compensation” would be a monthly salary of $200 at least. “This amount of money would help a family cover the basics each month,” he said.
叶海亚还有两个儿子供养他。一个儿子在萨那当外卖骑手，另一个在餐馆工作。
Yahia has two other sons who support him. One is a delivery rider in Sanaa and the other works at a restaurant.
“有了他们的支持，我的生活条件有所改善。但如果一个家庭依赖战斗人员的收入，那么这名战斗人员一旦阵亡，就会给整个家庭带来生活和心理上的磨难，”他说。
“With their support, my living conditions have improved. But if a family depends on a fighter’s income, the death of the fighter sparks a living and psychological ordeal for the whole family,” he said.
据世界粮食计划署称，也门全国有1830万人面临严重的粮食不安全，另有220万名五岁以下儿童患有急性营养不良。
According to the World Food Programme, 18.3 million people across Yemen face severe food insecurity, while 2.2 million children under five suffer from acute malnutrition.
胡塞武装驻萨那代表阿里·穆罕默德告诉半岛电视台，随着前线阵亡战斗人员数量不断上升，当局供养遗属的能力日益捉襟见肘。
As the number of fighters killed on the front lines rises, the authorities’ ability to support bereaved families is increasingly stretched, Ali Mohammed, a Houthi representative in Sanaa, told Al Jazeera.
“如今烈士太多了，他们的家属理应得到应有的支持。然而，烈士人数不断上升，影响了他们所能获得的援助水平。援助是分散发放的，以便每个家庭都能得到一些，”穆罕默德说。
“Martyrs today are too many and their families deserve due support. However, the rising number of martyrs affects the level of support they receive. Assistance is distributed so that every family gets some,” said Mohammed.
他主张，“胡塞武装的彻底胜利将带来国家的稳定，这将使当局有更好的机会照顾烈士家属”。他还说：“这需要时间。”
He argued that the “complete Houthi victory will lead to stability in the country and this will give authorities a better opportunity to look after the families of the martyrs.”He added: “This will take time”.
10月25日，设在萨那的胡塞武装青年和体育部在许多胡塞武装官员出席的情况下纪念了烈士日。
On October 25, the Sanaa-based Houthi Ministry of Youth and Sports commemorated Martyrs’ Day in the presence of many Houthi officials.
活动期间，该组织体育部门副部长阿里·哈德班强调了纪念这一日子的重要性，以“从牺牲和无私的教训中汲取灵感，并缅怀保卫国家的烈士们留下的不朽遗产”。
During the event, the group’s Undersecretary for the Sports Sector, Ali Hadban, emphasised the importance of observing the occasion to “draw inspiration from the lessons of sacrifice and selflessness, and to reflect on the enduring legacies of the martyrs who defended the nation”.
他指出，在各个战线上取得的胜利都是“这些高尚烈士”作出牺牲的直接结果，并强调有必要为他们的家属提供支持和关怀。
He noted that the victories achieved across various fronts are the direct result of the sacrifices made by “these noble martyrs”, emphasising the need to provide support and care for their families.
2021年底，联合国估计也门战争已直接或间接导致37.7万人死亡。近期的战斗重燃又夺去了更多生命。
At the end of 2021, the UN estimated that 377,000 people had been killed directly or indirectly by the war in Yemen. The recent return of fighting has claimed more lives.
萨那战略研究中心研究员阿德尔·达舍拉将公开庆祝阵亡战斗人员描述为战争期间出现的“一种外来做法”。
Adel Dashela, researcher at the Sanaa Center for Strategic Studies, described the public celebration of fallen fighters as “an alien practice” that emerged during the war.
“这种做法反映了暴力的正常化，并鼓励儿童冒着生命危险，在各种教派和政治口号下死去。直到胡塞武装组织控制首都萨那，也门人才目睹这一现象，”达舍拉告诉半岛电视台。
“This practice reflects the normalisation of violence and encourages children to risk their lives and die under various sectarian and political slogans. Yemenis did not witness this phenomenon until the Houthi group took control of the capital, Sanaa,” Dashela told Al Jazeera.
他说，家属可能被鼓励参与这些仪式，也可能在社会和政治压力下被迫这样做。“然而，现实是，公开的表彰并不能减轻家属的痛苦。相反，失去亲人带来的社会、心理和经济后果仍然要由他们自己承担。”在许多情况下，养家者死后，妇女和儿童承担起养家糊口的责任。
Families may be encouraged to participate in these rituals and may find themselves compelled to do so under social and political pressure, he said. “The reality, however, is that public displays of honour do not alleviate families’ suffering. Instead, the social, psychological and financial consequences of their loss remain their burden to bear.”In many cases, women and children assume responsibility for supporting their families after the death of the breadwinner.
“因此，妇女和儿童承受着这些损失的真实代价，而公开庆祝活动与她们的日常现实以及丧亲家庭持续遭受的痛苦脱节，”达舍拉补充说。
“Thus, women and children bear the real cost of these losses, while public celebrations remain detached from their everyday realities and the ongoing suffering of bereaved families,” Dashela added.