美国阿拉斯加州参议院选举结果周三仍不明朗。一天前，民主党在美国中期选举中大获全胜，夺得众议院和参议院的控制权。由于该州采用不同寻常的投票制度，加之特朗普政府提出法律挑战，最终结果可能要数周后才能揭晓。以下是我们对这场“最后的边疆”参议院选举已知和未知的情况。
The outcome of the US Senate race in Alaska was unclear on Wednesday, one day after Democrats scored a sweeping victory in the US midterm elections that delivered them control of the House of Representatives and the Senate. With an unusual voting system and a legal challenge by the Trump administration, it could be weeks until a result is known. Here's what we know — and what we don't — about the Last Frontier's Senate race.
现任共和党参议员丹·S·沙利文于2014年首次当选，目前与民主党挑战者玛丽·佩尔托拉陷入激烈角逐。佩尔托拉是一名中间派人士，曾于2022年至2025年在美国众议院任职一届。阿拉斯加通常是共和党的可靠票仓——特朗普总统在2024年以13个百分点的优势赢下该州——但也展现出独立倾向。该州另一位共和党参议员莉萨·穆尔科斯基在2010年输掉共和党初选后，以补写候选人身份赢得连任。
Incumbent Republican Senator Dan S. Sullivan, first elected in 2014, is locked in a tight battle with Democratic challenger Mary Peltola, a centrist who served one term in the US House of Representatives from 2022 to 2025. Alaska is typically a reliably Republican state — President Donald Trump won it by 13 points in 2024 — but also displays an independent streak. The state's other Republican senator, Lisa Murkowski, won re-election as a write-in candidate in 2010 after she lost the Republican primary.
大选选票上还有另外两名候选人：无党派人士、退休教师丹·J·沙利文，以及共和党人格里·海克斯，他是一名干墙承包商。
Two other candidates were also on the general-election ballot: retired schoolteacher Dan J. Sullivan, who has no party affiliation, and Republican Gerry Heikes, a drywall contractor.
据路透社与《今日美国》汇总的计票数据，在选票仍在统计的情况下，佩尔托拉以48.2%对47.9%领先沙利文参议员，差距不到700票；退休教师沙利文目前赢得约3600票，占1.7%。两家媒体今年合作收集实时选举结果。海克斯目前赢得2.3%的选票，即不到5000票。
With ballots still being counted, Peltola led Senator Sullivan by fewer than 700 votes, 48.2% to 47.9%, while retired teacher Sullivan has so far won about 3,600 votes, or 1.7%, according to tallies compiled by Reuters and USA Today, which are partnering this year to collect live election results. Heikes has so far won 2.3% of the vote, or fewer than 5,000 ballots.
阿拉斯加实行排序选择投票制，这意味着选民可以在选票上按偏好顺序对候选人进行排序，而不是只选择一人。初选中得票最多的四名候选人进入大选，不论党派。
Alaska runs a ranked-choice voting system, which means voters can rank candidates on their ballots in order of preference rather than selecting only one. The top four vote-getters in the primary advance to the general election, regardless of party.
要赢得大选，候选人需要获得超过50%的选票。如果没有候选人获得超过半数选民的第一选择票，官员将淘汰排名最后的候选人，并将这些选票重新分配给选民的下一个选择，直到有一名候选人获得多数票。
To win the general election, candidates need to receive more than 50% of the vote. If no candidate receives more than half of voters’ first-place votes, officials eliminate the last-place finisher and reallocate those ballots to voters’ next choices until one candidate has a majority.
由于官员需要时间清点第一轮投票的每一张选票，因此可能需要数周时间才能宣布获胜者。官员们要到11月18日才会进行排序选择计票。
Because it takes time for officials to count every ballot in the first round of voting, it could be weeks until a winner is declared. Officials will not run the ranked-choice tabulation until November 18.
共和党人长期以来一直声称丹·J·沙利文是搅局候选人，目的是迷惑那些想投票给现任参议员、却分不清两位沙利文的选民。
Republicans had long alleged that Dan J. Sullivan was a spoiler candidate, meant to confuse voters who wanted to vote for the incumbent senator and did not know the difference between the two Sullivans.
共和党人曾试图将教师沙利文从选票中除名，声称他不是一个“善意”的候选人。但阿拉斯加最高法院驳回了这一论点。
Republicans tried to remove Sullivan the teacher from the ballot, alleging he was not a “good faith” candidate. But Alaska’s highest court rebuffed that argument.
《纽约时报》上周报道称，佩尔托拉的竞选团队帮助招募丹·J·沙利文参选。佩尔托拉的竞选团队否认有任何参与。
The New York Times reported last week that Peltola's campaign helped recruit Dan J. Sullivan into the race. Peltola's campaign has denied any involvement.
司法部已对这些指控展开刑事调查，并于本周扩大了调查范围。据两名了解调查情况、因讨论此事而要求匿名的人士透露，司法部官员已向20多人发出信函，通知他们已成为刑事调查的对象。
The Justice Department has launched a criminal probe into the allegations, a probe it widened this week. Department officials have sent letters to more than 20 people notifying them they are subjects of the criminal probe, according to two people familiar with the investigation, who spoke on the condition of anonymity to discuss it.
其中一人表示，这些信函是调查中发出的140多封信函、传票和通知的一部分，收件对象包括民主党人、竞选团队、政治行动委员会和电话公司。
Those are among the more than 140 letters, subpoenas and notices that have been sent in the probe, including to Democrats, campaigns, political action committees and phone companies, one of the people said.
据这些人士透露，调查对象包括知名投票权律师马克·埃利亚斯，其所在律所曾代理包括佩尔托拉在内的民主党人。特朗普周二表示，埃利亚斯应该入狱。埃利亚斯否认有任何不当行为。
Targets include prominent voting rights lawyer Marc Elias, whose firm has represented Democrats including Peltola, according to the people. Trump said on Tuesday Elias should be in jail. Elias has denied any wrongdoing.
司法部的信函并不构成有罪的证据，而且司法部官员在成功定罪许多特朗普眼中的敌人方面一直困难重重。
The Justice Department's letters do not serve as evidence of guilt, and department officials have struggled to successfully bring convictions against many of Trump’s perceived enemies.
如果佩尔托拉确实获胜，共和党人也可能寻求对她的胜利提出上诉，并阻止她就职——但从明年1月起民主党将控制参议院，他们的筹码会更少。
If Peltola does win, Republicans could also seek to appeal her victory and block her from being seated — but they will have less leverage with Democrats in control of the Senate from January.
司法部没有表示会放松。周二，司法部长托德·布兰奇试图对排序选择投票制提出质疑，并呼吁阿拉斯加州保留该州投出的选票。
The Justice Department has given no indication that it will ease up. On Tuesday, Attorney General Todd Blanche sought to cast doubt on the ranked-choice voting system and called for Alaska to preserve the ballots cast in the state.
“司法部一直在竭尽全力阻止这一进程，”布兰奇说。“即使在今天之后，我们也不会停止这场斗争。”
“The Department of Justice has been fighting tooth and nail to stop this process,” Blanche said. “We’re not going to stop the fight even after today.”