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蓝色浪潮冲垮了特朗普的选区重划防线The blue wave swamped Trump’s redistricting wall

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2026年11月2日,总统唐纳德·特朗普抵达华盛顿特区林肯纪念堂倒影池附近发表讲话。President Donald Trump arrives to deliver remarks near the Lincoln Memorial Reflecting Pool in Washington, D.C., on Nov. 2, 2026.

唐纳德·特朗普全力押注一场史无前例的十年中期选区重划行动,以保住共和党在众议院的多数席位。结果,蓝色浪潮直接将其淹没。

Donald Trump went all-in on an unprecedented mid-decade redistricting push to protect the GOP’s House majority. The blue wave washed right over it.

在正常年份,共和党在多个州推动的选区重划本应为他们多带来多达十几个席位。但在一个规模堪称历史性的浪潮之年——民主党有望以约13个百分点的优势赢得全国普选票——共和党最终净增的席位只有两个。

In a normal year, Republicans' multi-state push to redraw seats should have handed them as many as a dozen extra seats. But in a historically large wave year — Democrats are on pace to win the national popular vote by roughly a 13-point margin — Republicans ended up netting just two seats.

在得克萨斯州,率先发起这场全国性斗争的共和党人本以为凭借新地图能再多拿下五个众议院席位。结果他们只赢了一个。在田纳西州,他们的杰利蝾螈式操作为他们净增了一个席位——但他们同时也可能失去另一个深红席位,该席位出人意料地翻盘。该党唯一明确的胜利在路易斯安那州,他们很可能在一场即将进入决选的竞选中净增一个席位。

In Texas, Republicans who kicked off the national fight thought they could pick up five more House seats with their new map. Instead, they won just one. In Tennessee, their gerrymander netted one seat — but they’re also on track to lose another deep-red seat that surprisingly flipped. The party's only clear win is in Louisiana, where they’ll likely gain a seat in a race that is headed to a runoff.

“称之为‘蠢蝾螈’都算客气了。这更像是‘白痴蝾螈’,”一位沮丧的得州共和党策略师说。与本文其他受访者一样,他获准匿名以便坦率发言。“我们冲着五个席位去,一个没赢,还干掉了一位现任议员,又给了民主党一个动员投票的理由。跟(民主党众议员)亨利·奎利亚尔共存真的有那么难吗?”佛罗里达州共和党人重新绘制了地图,使另外四个席位变得易于翻盘。

“Calling it a dummymander is generous. This was more like moron-mandering,” said one frustrated Texas Republican strategist who, like others in this report, was granted anonymity to speak candidly. “We went for five seats, won none, killed an incumbent, and handed Democrats a reason to turn out. Was living with [Democratic Rep.] Henry Cuellar really that hard?”Florida Republicans redrew their map to make four more seats ripe for a flip.

“如果我们能净增一个席位,有人会认为这就算成功了,”共和党众议员兰迪·法恩周二晚间在投票站关闭后不久谈到该州重划的地图时说。“你知道,这比我们原本会有的多一个。”但当尘埃落定,他们似乎连这一点都没做到。假设没有势均力敌的选情易手,该州对共和党而言净增为零——而且他们险些在那里丢掉另外几个席位。众议员达伦·索托(民主党-佛罗里达州)似乎有望保住一个共和党人特意划成特朗普领先17个百分点的席位,尽管美联社尚未宣布该席位的归属。

“If we pick up one seat, one would argue it's successful,” GOP Rep. Randy Fine said of his state’s redrawn map Tuesday night shortly after polls closed. “You know, it's one more than we would have had.”But when the dust cleared, it looks like they didn’t even manage that. Assuming no close races change hands, the state produced a net-zero gain for Republicans — and they barely avoided losing a number of other seats there. Rep. Darren Soto (D-Fla.) seems poised to hang on to a seat Republicans drew to favor Trump by 17 points, though it has not been called by the Associated Press.

一位佛罗里达州众议院共和党人表示,整体努力“绝对”适得其反,称这“确实是个糟糕的夜晚”。北卡罗来纳州是该党最大的灾难之一。共和党重新划分了早期的选区操纵地图,试图击败民主党众议员唐·戴维斯。但他似乎还是赢了,部分归功于民主党在参议院竞选中的大胜——共和党有望失去另外六个席位,其中包括全国共和党国会委员会主席理查德·哈德森的席位。这些失利并非都直接与去年的重新划分选区有关,但它们是蓝色浪潮广泛性的鲜明例证。

One Florida House Republican said the overall effort “absolutely” backfired, calling it a “rough night for sure.”North Carolina was one of the biggest disasters for the party. The GOP redrew an earlier gerrymander to try to oust Democratic Rep. Don Davis. But he appears to have won anyway, partly due to a blowout Senate race for Democrats — and Republicans are on track to lose six other seats, including National Republican Congressional Committee Chair Richard Hudson’s. Those losses aren’t all directly tied to last year’s redraw, but they are a stark example of the expansiveness of the blue wave.

俄亥俄州共和党人也未能获得任何席位,尽管他们拥有更有利的地图,原以为能借此翻转两个席位,却因竞选名单顶端的候选人拖累而落空。

Ohio Republicans, too, did not make any gains despite a more favorable map that they thought would flip them two seats as the top of the ticket dragged them down.

重新划分选区未能带来收获,凸显了共和党低估了选民对执政党的巨大挫败感。这也引发了一个问题:特朗普及其政治团队是否应该将精力集中在解决选民关切上,而不是去年在州议会拉票——其中少数州议会还予以驳斥——以及这些努力是否因该议题成为左翼全国性的名声大噪之事,反而助长了受影响州份的民主党投票率。

The lack of gains from redistricting reveals the extent to which Republicans underestimated the sheer frustration from voters of the party in power. And it raises questions about whether Trump and his political operation should have focused their efforts on resolving voters’ concerns instead of whipping votes in state legislatures last year, a handful of which rebuked them — and whether the efforts helped supercharge Democratic turnout in the impacted states as the issue became a national cause celebre for the left.

该行动的领导人周三坚决为重新划分选区的推动进行了辩护,称这减少了损失,并可能在未来几年帮助他们。

Leaders of the effort staunchly defended the redistricting push on Wednesday, saying it lessened losses and will likely help them in future years.

“如果共和党没有主动出击并这么做,我们在众议院会失去更多席位,”亚当·金凯德说。他领导全国共和党重划选区信托,去年绘制了得克萨斯州的杰利蝾螈选区。“我们得以保住几个原本拿不到的席位。”

“If Republicans had not gone on offense and done this, we would have lost even more seats in the House,” said Adam Kincaid, who leads the National Republican Redistricting Trust and drew Texas’ gerrymander last year. “We were able to protect a few seats that we otherwise would have not gotten.”

金凯德补充道:“如果没有重划选区,全国大概率不会有其他任何翻盘席位。四个翻盘席位中有三个将是重划选区席位。”这一评估是准确的。共和党目前仅有望翻盘一个并非去年重划的众议院席位——缅因州的一个席位。一些共和党操盘手依然看好这些杰利蝾螈选区将在未来选举中惠及该党——即使最初推动重划是为了维持共和党对华盛顿的掌控。

“Without redistricting,” Kincaid added, “there probably aren't any other pickups in the country. Three of the four are going to be redistricting seats.”That assessment is accurate. Republicans are only on track to flip one House seat, in Maine, that they didn’t redraw last year. And some GOP operatives remain bullish the gerrymanders will benefit the party in future elections — even if they were initially taken up to maintain Republicans’ grip on Washington cycle.

“在顺风年我们会赢下那些席位,所以这无关紧要,”俄亥俄州共和党策略师鲍勃·克莱格说。

"In a good year we'll get those seats, so it doesn't matter,” said Ohio GOP strategist Bob Clegg.

佛罗里达州州长罗恩·德桑蒂斯在社交媒体发文辩称——尽管没有获得新增席位——但该州的重划防止了按旧版地图将会发生的两个席位失利。但共和党的杰利蝾螈推动遭遇了加利福尼亚州民主党人的反制,后者重划了本州选区,并有望拿下所有五个目标席位。

Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis argued in a post on social media that — while there were no gains — his state’s redraw prevented two losses that would have occurred under the old map. But Republicans’ gerrymandering push was met by California Democrats, who redrew their state and are on track to pick up all five of their targeted seats.

加利福尼亚州共和党面临着在全州52个众议院席位中仅守住四个的前景,而该州拥有570万注册共和党选民。这种近乎灭绝的结果直接源于“50号提案”,即州长加文·纽森和全国民主党为抗衡得克萨斯州重划而发起的杰利蝾螈运动。

California Republicans were confronting the prospect of holding just four out of 52 House seats statewide in a state with 5.7 million registered Republican voters. That near-extinction was a direct result of Proposition 50, the gerrymandering campaign that Gov. Gavin Newsom and national Democrats launched to counter the Texas redraw.

“这是共和党的一场灾难,”曾为多位加利福尼亚州众议院候选人工作的共和党顾问戴夫·吉拉德说。“显然,特朗普挑起了一场他赢不了的仗。”众议员佐伊·洛夫格伦(民主党-加利福尼亚州)在加利福尼亚州众议院代表团的重划工作中牵头负责,她说,得克萨斯州共和党低估了特朗普声望可能下跌的速度之快。

That outcome is “a disaster for the Republican Party,” said Dave Gilliard, a Republican consultant who has worked for numerous California House candidates. “Obviously, Trump picked a fight he couldn't win.”Rep. Zoe Lofgren (D-Calif.), who ran point for California’s House delegation on the redraw, said Republicans in Texas underestimated how precipitously Trump’s standing could plunge.

“他们以为,那些因边境发生的混乱而感到愤怒——我认为这是正确的——的美墨边境地区民众,会继续支持那些批评他们的右翼共和党人,”洛夫格伦在接受采访时表示,“那是一个错误的决定。”白宫——去年重新划分选区的推手——拒绝置评,而是将《政治新闻网》转介给共和党全国委员会。共和党全国委员会未回应置评请求。

“They assumed that people along the U.S.-Mexico border who were upset — and I think correctly — about the chaos that occurred along the border would stick by right-wing Republicans who criticized them,” Lofgren said in an interview. “That was not the right decision.”The White House — which was behind last year’s redistricting push — declined to comment, instead referring POLITICO to the RNC. The RNC did not respond to a request for comment.

“这是百年一遇的事件,”一名支持重新划分选区的特朗普政治团队官员表示,“这是一场大选浪潮——我不认为重新划分选区起了决定性作用。”共和党在重新划分选区上的失利,似乎已经波及到2028年大选。就在大获全胜的第二天,原本预计将在关键总统大选前重新划分选区的共和党主导州份开始收手。

“This was a 1 in 100 year event,” said a Trump political team official who supported redistricting. “It's a wave election — I don't think redistricting made the difference.”The GOP’s redistricting losses already seem to be reverberating into 2028. Just one day after an electoral romp, Republican-led states that were expected to undertake a redraw before the critical presidential election are pulling back.

共和党籍佐治亚州州长布赖恩·坎普周三宣布,该州不会推进跛脚鸭时期的重新划分选区,显示党内部分人已准备翻篇。

Georgia GOP Gov. Brian Kemp announced Wednesday that his state would not move forward with lame-duck redistricting, a sign that some in the party are ready to move on.

“基本盘选民已经表达了意愿,”坎普在声明中表示,“我不会召集佐治亚州议会特别会议,以限制行政部门权力或辩论重新划分选区的变更。”南卡罗来纳州和密西西比州等南方州份的其他共和党领袖尚未宣布任何意图在2028年前重新划分选区,尽管他们仍极有可能会提出。但密苏里州选民也否决了共和党操纵选区版图的企图。

“The voters of our state have spoken,” Kemp said in a statement. “I will not be calling a special session of the Georgia General Assembly in order to curtail executive branch powers or debate redistricting changes.”Other Republican leaders in southern states like South Carolina and Mississippi have not yet announced any intention to redraw ahead of 2028, though it’s still very possible they will take it up. But Missouri voters also rejected a GOP effort to gerrymander their maps.

与此同时,民主党已准备好在2028年再次发起进攻。马里兰州选民批准了一项允许民主党重新划分本州选区的措施,而即将上任的威斯康星州众议院民主党多数党领袖格蕾塔·诺伊鲍尔周三表示,随着他们新获得的对该州的统一控制,“我们将考虑国会选区重新划分”,以撤销目前现存的共和党支持的杰利蝾螈式选区划分。

Meanwhile, Democrats are prepared to go on offense again in 2028. Maryland voters approved a measure that allows Democrats to redraw their state, while incoming Wisconsin Assembly Democratic Majority Leader Greta Neubauer said Wednesday that with their newfound unified control of the state "we are going to consider congressional redistricting” to undo a GOP-backed gerrymander that’s currently in place.

全国民主重新划分选区委员会主席约翰·比索尼亚诺表示,如果共和党在2028年大选前推进选区操纵,民主党“将需要采取行动”。他还吹嘘称,这次成功挫败了共和党。

John Bisognano, the president of the National Democratic Redistricting Committee, said Democrats “will need to take action” if Republicans move forward with gerrymanders ahead of 2028. And he boasted of fending off Republicans this time.

比索尼亚诺说:“[特朗普]提出了一项计划,意在尽可能对全国进行选区操纵,并打造一个20个席位的‘防火墙’,规模大到任何浪潮都无法撼动。而美国民众对这条前进道路的拒绝是如此彻底灾难性,以至于我们发现自己置身于一场‘灭绝事件’之中,而非仅仅是一场普通的浪潮。”

“[Trump] presented a plan that was to gerrymander the country as much as he possibly could and create a 20-seat firewall so large that no wave could overcome it,” Bisognano said. “And the American people rejected that as a path forward so catastrophically that we found ourselves here in an extinction event instead of a simple wave.”

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