致命的加沙洪水反映美国支持的停火协议的缺陷一场风暴袭击了拥挤的帐篷营地，导致至少一个家庭的四人死亡，数千人失去庇护所。以色列表示，在哈马斯解除武装之前，加沙不会重建。
Deadly Gaza Floods Reflect Shortfalls of U.S.-Backed Truce At least four people from one family died and thousands lost their shelters when a storm battered overcrowded tent camps. Israel says Gaza will not be rebuilt until Hamas disarms.
援助官员几个月来一直警告，今年冬天加沙的暴雨可能会酿成致命灾难。
Aid officials had warned for months that torrential rains in Gaza could turn deadly this winter.
周日，他们安葬了艾哈迈德·纳布汉的全家——美国总统特朗普的加沙和平委员会称之为这片拥挤飞地中一场“可预见”的灾难的受害者。
On Sunday, they buried Ahmad Nabhan’s entire family — victims of what President Trump’s Board of Peace for Gaza called a “foreseeable” disaster in the crowded enclave.
联合国和救援人员曾多次表示，加沙的两百万巴勒斯坦居民需要更多、更好的物资，以度过连续第四年在肮脏、垃圾遍地的营地中度过的冬天。洪水、泥泞和寒冷在过去几年已被证明是致命的。
The United Nations and relief workers had repeatedly said that Gaza’s two million Palestinian residents needed more and better supplies for a winter that many would spend — for the fourth year running — in squalid, trash-ridden camps. Floods, mud and cold have proved deadly in years past.
周日晚间，36岁的纳布汉先生走出帐篷，在加沙中部代尔拜拉赫与朋友喝咖啡。几分钟后，大雨导致沙堤坍塌砸在他的帐篷上，将他的妻子塔希尔（36岁）、儿子萨拉赫（8岁）、女儿玛丽亚姆（5岁）和侄女哈比巴（4岁）活埋，据加沙当局和亲属称。
On Sunday night, Mr. Nabhan, 36, stepped out to have coffee with friends in Deir al-Balah, central Gaza. Minutes later, the rains caused a sand embankment to collapse on his tent — burying his wife, Tahrir, 36; his son, Salah, 8; his daughter, Mariam, 5; and his niece Habiba, 4, inside, according to the Gaza authorities and relatives.
“我们在沙子和石头中挖掘，一具接一具地拉出了他们的遗体，”纳布汉先生在电话采访中说。
“We dug through the sand and rocks, and pulled out their bodies, one by one,” Mr. Nabhan said in a phone interview.
据联合国称，周末的风暴导致数千名其他巴勒斯坦人失去了庇护所和财物。
Thousands of other Palestinians lost their shelters and belongings in the weekend storm, according to the United Nations.
这场灾难凸显了加沙的苦难，距离美国斡旋的停火协议结束以色列与哈马斯之间的战争已过去一年多。
The disaster underscored the misery in Gaza more than a year after a U.S.-brokered truce ended the war there between Israel and Hamas.
特朗普的和平委员会——该委员会负责监督加沙地带以色列与哈马斯之间的停火——罕见地谴责以色列为防止其所谓的“可预见的人道主义挑战”所做的努力太少。周一晚间，该委员会表示，以色列正在考虑“额外措施”，但回应“仍然不足”。“我们呼吁以色列现任政府领导层立即采取行动，批准并促进所有必要的冬季防寒和人道主义物资进入，”该委员会表示，其成员包括特朗普的几位最亲密顾问。
Mr. Trump’s Board of Peace — which oversees the cease-fire between Israel and Hamas in Gaza — issued a rare admonishment of Israel for doing too little to prevent what it called “a foreseeable humanitarian challenge.”On Monday night, the board said that Israel was considering “additional steps,” but that the response “remains insufficient.”“We call on the leadership of the current government of Israel to act immediately to authorize and facilitate the entry of all necessary winterization and humanitarian supplies,” said the board, which includes several of Mr. Trump’s closest advisers.
以色列方面表示，已允许大量物资进入，包括在冬季来临前数万顶帐篷和毛毯。负责监管加沙援助的以色列军方表示，还有更多物资已获批准，但联合国因后勤和预算问题尚未将其运入该飞地。
Israel has said that it allowed in plenty of supplies, including tens of thousands of tents and blankets, ahead of the winter. And the Israeli military, which oversees aid to Gaza, said many more supplies had been approved but that the United Nations has not yet brought them into the enclave due to logistical and budgetary issues.
去年10月达成的停火协议本意不仅是结束以色列在哈马斯发动2023年10月7日袭击后对加沙发动的战争，还旨在迎来新的巴勒斯坦行政管理机构，并为大规模重建铺平道路。然而，许多加沙民众表示，情况几乎没有向好的方向改变。
The cease-fire agreed to last October was supposed not only to end the war in Gaza that Israel launched after the Hamas-led Oct. 7, 2023, attacks, but also to usher in a new Palestinian administration and pave the way for wide-scale reconstruction. Many Gazans, however, say little has changed for the better.
以色列军队控制着加沙地带至少60%的领土，将巴勒斯坦人挤压在靠近海岸的一个拥挤区域内。据当地卫生官员统计，自停火生效以来，以军还几乎每天都在轰炸该飞地，已造成1600多人死亡，统计数字包括平民和哈马斯战斗人员。
Israeli forces control at least 60 percent of the Gaza Strip, hemming Palestinians into a crowded pocket near the coast. They have also been bombarding the enclave on a near-daily basis, killing more than 1,600 people since the cease-fire went into effect, according to local health officials whose tally includes both civilians and Hamas combatants.
哈马斯武装人员统治着加沙绝大多数巴勒斯坦人。和平委员会任命的十几名巴勒斯坦技术官僚负责管理该飞地，但他们人在埃及，对加沙内部事务几乎没有影响力。
Hamas militants rule over the vast majority of Palestinians in Gaza. A dozen or so Palestinian technocrats appointed by the Board of Peace to administer the enclave are in Egypt — and wield little influence over affairs inside Gaza.
加沙重建的希望已趋渺茫，因为以色列将哈马斯放下武器作为全面重建飞地的条件。尽管巴勒斯坦武装人员在7月同意了美国支持的、关于解除武装和储存武器的框架，但以色列总理本雅明·内塔尼亚胡表示，这未达到真正的解除武装。
Hopes that Gaza could soon be rebuilt have dimmed, since Israel has made Hamas laying down its arms a condition for full-scale reconstruction in the enclave. While the Palestinian militants agreed in July to a U.S.-backed framework for decommissioning and storing weapons, Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu of Israel said it fell short of genuine disarmament.
与此同时，据耶路撒冷国际红十字委员会发言人帕特·格里菲斯称，许多加沙人正生活在半毁房屋的废墟中，或居住在危险地暴露于风雨中的帐篷里。
In the meantime, many Gazans are living in the rubble of half-destroyed homes or in tents that are dangerously exposed to the elements, according to Pat Griffiths, a spokesman for the International Committee of the Red Cross in Jerusalem.
“加沙的巴勒斯坦人迫切需要更可持续、更耐用的庇护选择——以保障他们的安全，让他们保暖，”格里菲斯先生说。“要有这些选择，用于建造这些庇护所的更多物资必须能够进入加沙。”以色列总理办公室发言人多伦·斯皮尔曼在一份声明中表示，以色列已“超越其义务”改善加沙的人道主义局势，包括努力改善环境卫生和净化水库。
“Palestinians in Gaza desperately need more sustainable, durable shelter options — to keep them safe, to keep them warm,” Mr. Griffiths said. “To have those options, more materials to create those shelters need to be able to enter Gaza.”Doron Spielman, a spokesman for the Israeli prime minister’s office, said in a statement that Israel had “gone beyond its obligations” to improve the humanitarian situation in Gaza, including by making efforts to improve sanitation and purify water reservoirs.
斯皮尔曼先生还表示，以色列政府希望推进特朗普的停火计划，但“只要哈马斯保持武装，加沙就无法重建。”
Mr. Spielman also said that the Israeli government wanted to advance Mr. Trump’s cease-fire plan, but that “Gaza cannot be rebuilt while Hamas remains armed.”
这呼应了以色列极右翼财政部长贝扎莱尔·斯莫特里希周二的言论，他说“加沙居民的困境责任完全在于哈马斯。”
That echoed remarks from Bezalel Smotrich, the far-right Israeli finance minister, who said on Tuesday that “culpability for the distress of Gaza’s residents rests solely with Hamas.”
斯莫特里希此前曾建议，让加沙的条件保持悲惨，以鼓励加沙人自行逃离飞地。9月，斯莫特里希表示，以色列应试图“夺走他们的希望”。
Mr. Smotrich has previously suggested keeping conditions in Gaza miserable to encourage Gazans to flee the enclave of their own accord. In September, Mr. Smotrich said Israel should try to “take away their hope.”
“如果加沙依然狭小、拥挤且满目疮痍，他们就会明白在那里无事可做，”斯莫特里希当时在一次电视采访中说。“他们会寻找去处。”纳布汉先生说，他自己已经失去了一切：他的家乡贾巴利亚已基本被夷为平地，现在他的家庭也不复存在。
“If Gaza remains tiny, crowded and destroyed, they will understand they have nothing to do there,” Mr. Smotrich said in a television interview at the time. “They’ll look for places to go.”Mr. Nabhan says he himself already has lost everything: His hometown of Jabaliya has largely been razed, and now his family is no more.
“当我失去家人时，”他说，“我和他们一起失去了整个世界。”亚伦·博克斯曼是《纽约时报》记者，负责报道以色列和加沙事务。他驻扎在耶路撒冷。
“When I lost my family,” he said, “I lost my whole world with them.”Aaron Boxerman is a Times reporter covering Israel and Gaza. He is based in Jerusalem.