去年圣诞节前三天，特朗普总统站在两架画架之间，画架上展示的是未来核动力军舰的渲染图，这些军舰将属于新一级“特朗普级”战列舰。
Three days before last Christmas, President Trump stood between easels with renderings of futuristic, nuclear-armed warships that would be part of a new class of “Trump-class” battleships.
在位于棕榈滩的海湖庄园金碧辉煌的起居室里，一架古董斯坦威婴儿钢琴前，他说这些舰艇将密布激光武器、电磁轨道炮和高超音速导弹，并将在“大约两年半”内建成。“从未有过类似的建造，”特朗普说。国会山上的民主党人希望永远别有这种东西。
In front of an antique Steinway baby grand piano in the gold-draped living room of his Mar-a-Lago club in Palm Beach, he said the ships would bristle with lasers, electromagnetic railguns and hypersonic missiles and would be built in “about two and a half years.”“There has never been anything built like them,” Trump said. Democrats on Capitol Hill hope there never is.
海军此后表示，这款军舰将成为其舰队中造价最高的一款，是民主党在特朗普历史性的1.5万亿美元五角大楼预算请求中重点瞄准的目标之一。据议员透露，民主党在上周中期选举大获全胜后，正趁着一场不得人心的对伊朗战争和国内高物价之际，向总统的宠儿项目开火。
The warship, which the Navy has since said would be the most expensive in its fleet, is one of the Democrats’ prime targets in Trump’s historic $1.5 trillion Pentagon budget request. Democrats, fresh off sweeping wins in last week’s midterm elections, are taking aim at the president’s pet projects amid an unpopular war with Iran and high prices at home, according to lawmakers.
“我们需要适当组合高端生存系统和低成本可消耗能力，而不是像总统提议的那样建造一支核动力战列舰舰队，”众议员亚当·史密斯（民主党-华盛顿州）说，他明年有望出任众议院军事委员会主席。
“We need an appropriate mix of high-end survivable systems and lower-cost attritable capabilities, not a fleet of nuclear-powered battleships as proposed by the president,” said Rep. Adam Smith (D., Wash.), the likely House Armed Services Committee chair next year.
民主党还想利用手中的筹码推动政策变革，其中包括从年度国防授权法案中删除将国防部正式更名为战争部的条款，政府官员自特朗普于2025年9月签署行政命令以来一直使用这一名称。
Democrats also want to use their leverage to make policy changes, including stripping language from the annual defense-policy bill that would formally change the Defense Department’s name to the Department of War, a name administration officials have used since Trump signed an executive order in September 2025.
参议院军事委员会成员、参议员蒂姆·凯恩（民主党-弗吉尼亚州）周二称这一更名“幼稚可笑”。“任何人与这事扯上关系都该感到羞耻，”他说。
Sen. Tim Kaine (D., Va.), a member of the Senate Armed Services Committee, on Tuesday called the name change “sophomoric.”“Anybody should be embarrassed to be associated with that,” he said.
改名一事已被纳入今年《国防授权法案》的众议院版本和参议院版本。自20世纪60年代初以来，该法案每年都能获得通过。目前，众议院和参议院军事委员会的成员正努力在年底前形成法案的统一版本，而新近获胜的民主党人正利用自身筹码，要求共和党谈判代表削减部分条款，比如更改部门名称。
The name change has made it into both the House and Senate versions of this year’s National Defense Authorization Act, legislation that has passed every year since the early 1960s. Members of the House and Senate Armed Services committees now are working to create a unified version of the bill before the end of the year with newly victorious Democrats using their leverage to demand that GOP negotiators pare back some provisions, like the departmental name change.
总统的另一项防务优先事项“金穹”也面临阻力。这是一个环绕全国的精密导弹与无人机防御盾牌，包括部署在太空的拦截器。凯恩此前曾表示，该项目可能会被“缩减范围”，但参议员们会“努力找到资金，我们会分阶段推进”。战略与国际研究中心的导弹防御专家汤姆·卡拉科表示，该项目也可能被重新命名。他指出，许多保护关岛和美国本土免受巡航导弹威胁的努力，都是拜登政府时期启动的。关岛是美国位于西太平洋的领地。
Another one of the president’s top defense priorities, the “Golden Dome,” an elaborate missile-and-drone shield around the country that includes interceptors in space, also faces headwinds. Kaine has previously said the project could get “scoped,” but that senators would “work to find the funding and we’ll phase it in.”The project could also get a rebrand, said Tom Karako, a missile-defense expert with the Center for Strategic and International Studies. He noted that many efforts to defend Guam, a U.S. territory in the western Pacific, and the U.S. mainland from cruise missiles were started during the Biden administration.
让事情更复杂的是，五角大楼已请求国会批准三项独立的国防开支方案，构成其1.5万亿美元的请求：1.1万亿美元的标准预算、一项单独的3500亿美元和解方案，以及670亿美元用于支付伊朗战争和国民警卫队部署的请求。
Complicating matters, the Pentagon has asked Congress to approve three separate defense spending packages that make up its $1.5 trillion request—a $1.1 trillion standard budget, a separate $350 billion reconciliation package and a $67 billion request to pay for the Iran war and National Guard deployments.
将预算打包成不同方案，曾被视为一种方式，以便在共和党控制白宫和国会两院时进行大规模武器投资。和解方案只需简单多数即可在参议院通过，而标准拨款法案需要60票，这意味着它需要两党支持。
Bundling the budget into different packages was seen as a way to make a large weapons investment while Republicans held control of the White House and both chambers of Congress. Reconciliation needs a simple majority to pass the Senate, while a standard appropriations bill needs 60 votes, meaning it would need bipartisan support.
赫格塞思自担任国防部长以来与民主党人接触有限，并在公开作证时与他们针锋相对，如今他需要他们的支持来实现自己的首要优先事项。
Hegseth, who has limited contact with Democrats since becoming defense secretary and has been combative with them in open testimony, now needs their support for his top priorities.
“我们随时都有文职领导人和穿制服的领导人出现在国会山，”赫格塞思周二在五角大楼的一次简报会上说。
“We’ve got civilian leaders and uniformed leaders up on Capitol Hill all the time,” Hegseth said during a Tuesday briefing at the Pentagon.
自民主党在上周中期选举中获胜以来，赫格塞思加大了呼吁国会通过这项预算调节方案的力度。他说，该方案将为重建军队进行“一代人一遇的投资”。
Since Democrats’ midterm victories last week, Hegseth has upped his calls for Congress to pass the reconciliation package, which he said would make a “generational investment” to rebuild the military.
“不会有任何一个民主党人投票支持它，”史密斯在谈到预算调节方案时说。
“Not a single solitary Democrat is going to vote for that,” Smith said of reconciliation.
这种战列舰一直不乏批评者。海军今年早些时候表示，第一艘的造价将超过170亿美元。国会预算办公室估计造价将达230亿美元，后续每艘平均造价180亿美元。相比之下，海军定于明年接收的福特级航空母舰“约翰·F·肯尼迪”号造价仅略高于130亿美元。海军申请10亿美元用于启动该战列舰的建造工作，这是五角大楼1.1万亿美元标准预算申请的一部分。
The battleship has always had its critics. The Navy earlier this year said the first one would cost more than $17 billion. The Congressional Budget Office estimated it would cost $23 billion, with additional ships costing an average of $18 billion each. By comparison, the USS John F. Kennedy, the Ford-class aircraft carrier that the Navy is scheduled to receive next year, cost just over $13 billion. The Navy requested $1 billion to begin work on the battleship as part of the Pentagon’s standard $1.1 trillion request.
支持这种新型战舰的人认为，海军现有的阿利·伯克级驱逐舰没有足够空间容纳更多导弹发射管以及高超音速武器和电子武器等现代武器。“它现在看起来就像一只嘴里塞满坚果的大花栗鼠，因为它的负担太重了，”代理海军部长曹洪在5月对众议院军事委员会说。“这就是我们需要一种大型作战舰艇的原因。”海军此前一直处于考虑研制一种新型、更大驱逐舰的早期阶段，但特朗普提出的战列舰尺寸是其两倍多，并且包含未经证实的轨道炮技术，利用电力将弹丸以最高七倍音速推进数十英里，而海军此前已放弃了这项技术。
Those backing the new warship argue that the Navy’s existing Arleigh Burke-class destroyers don’t have the space for more missile-launching tubes and modern weapons, such as hypersonic and electronic weapons. ”It looks like a big chipmunk with a mouthful of nuts right now because it’s so overburdened,” Acting Navy Secretary Hung Cao told the House Armed Services Committee in May. “That’s why we need a large combatant.”The Navy had been in the early stages of considering a new, larger destroyer, but the battleship proposed by Trump is more than double the size and includes unproven railgun technology, using electricity to propel a projectile dozens of miles at up to seven times the speed of sound, that the Navy had previously abandoned.
“这是世界历史上最昂贵的活靶子，”众议员塞思·莫尔顿（民主党-马萨诸塞州）在6月的一次听证会上说。“这艘战列舰是个浪费钱的累赘。这个面子工程终将消失。”参议员乔尼·恩斯特（共和党-艾奥瓦州）表示，赫格塞思执掌五角大楼“绝对”会让为伊朗战争以及整个国防部争取拨款变得更加困难。众议院民主党人周二未能在跛脚鸭会期推进弹劾赫格塞思的计划，但预计他们明年成为多数党后会再次尝试。
“This is the most expensive sitting duck in world history,” Rep. Seth Moulton (D., Mass.) said during a June hearing. “This battleship is a boondoggle. This vanity project is going to vanish.”Sen. Joni Ernst (R., Iowa) said Hegseth being in charge at the Pentagon “absolutely” makes it harder to pass funding for the Iran war and Defense Department writ large. House Democrats on Tuesday failed to move forward on plans to impeach Hegseth in the lame duck session, but they are expected to try again next year when they are in the majority.
如果议员们无法达成预算协议，在为期一年的持续决议下，五角大楼的支出可能会被冻结在9000亿美元以下，这将使军方无法把钱花在新项目上。
If lawmakers are unable to strike a budget deal, Pentagon spending could be frozen at under $900 billion under a yearlong continuing resolution that would prevent the military from spending money on new projects.
特朗普政府官员、五角大楼首席财务官朱尔斯·赫斯特表示，国防部正在与国会各委员会合作，“寻找在和解法案与基础拨款之间平衡需求的最佳方式”。
Pentagon Comptroller Jules Hurst, Trump administration official, said the department was working with congressional committees “on the best way to balance requirements between reconciliation and base funding.”
“我并不排除我们能达成协议的可能性——拨款委员会成员会去寻找一个的，”赫斯特说。“拨款委员会在达成妥协方面比国会任何其他委员会都更有经验。”五角大楼的一些优先事项将在新多数党那里得到友善的回应。赫斯特说，官员们正在设法将弹药和“金穹”等关键项目的资金从和解方案转移到标准的基础预算中。
“I’m not counting out that we can reach a deal—the appropriators are going to be looking for one,” Hurst said. “The appropriators have more practice at reaching compromise than any other committee in Congress.”Some Pentagon priorities will find a friendly audience with the new majority. Hurst said officials were looking for ways to shift funding for critical efforts, such as munitions and Golden Dome, from the reconciliation package to the standard base budget.
自伊朗战争开始以来，五角大楼已消耗了数千枚弹药，但补充库存已被证明十分困难。副国防部长史蒂夫·范伯格已与多家公司达成协议，在未来七年内购买数千枚弹药，但国会尚未批准为其中大多数协议提供任何资金。
The Pentagon has depleted thousands of munitions since the beginning of the Iran war, but replenishing stockpiles has proven difficult. Deputy Defense Secretary Steve Feinberg has struck deals with several companies to buy thousands of munitions over the next seven years, but Congress hasn’t approved any funding for most of those agreements.