美国城市和州领导人周四承诺将与联合国官员合作追踪该国温室气体排放，以对抗唐纳德·特朗普总统退出这一进程的举措。这些领导人代表的经济体量占美国经济的60%以上。
By Jennifer A. Dlouhy Leaders of cities and states representing more than 60% of the US economy on Thursday pledged to collaborate with United Nations officials in tracking the country’s greenhouse gas emissions, counteracting President Donald Trump’s retreat from the process.
这一承诺是在加利福尼亚州州长加文·纽森等美国州长和市长抵达土耳其安塔利亚参加COP31气候谈判时提出的。这是一次展示实力的行动，旨在说明在特朗普政府撤销限排法规并退出《巴黎协定》后，城市和州仍在为脱碳所做的工作。
The commitment was outlined as US governors and mayors, including California Governor Gavin Newsom, arrived at the COP31 climate negotiations in Antalya, Turkey. It was a show of force designed to illustrate the work that cities and states are still doing to decarbonize, following the Trump administration’s rollback of emission-limiting regulations and withdrawal from the Paris Agreement.
罗德岛州联邦参议员谢尔登·怀特豪斯、明尼苏达州州长蒂姆·沃尔兹和新墨西哥州州长米歇尔·卢汉·格里沙姆等美国官员周四也参加了这次气候峰会，此外还有多位市长。由约19名联邦众议员组成的联盟也将于本周晚些时候参会。COP31没有美国官方代表团。
US Senator Sheldon Whitehouse of Rhode Island, Minnesota Governor Tim Walz and New Mexico Governor Michelle Lujan Grisham are among the other US officials participating in the climate summit Thursday, along with a number of mayors. A coalition of some 19 US House representatives also are set to participate later this week. There’s no official US delegation at COP31.
周四的承诺载于“美国全力以赴”、美国气候联盟和“气候市长”倡议的联合声明中。这些组织共同代表24位州长，其选民占美国人口的55%，以及47个州的350位市长。
Thursday’s pledge came in a joint statement from America Is All In, the US Climate Alliance and Climate Mayors initiatives. Collectively, they represent 24 governors with constituents making up 55% of the US population as well as 350 mayors across 47 states.
这一宣布是在为期两周的COP31峰会第四天发布的，该峰会旨在推动全球摆脱化石燃料、拥抱零排放可再生能源替代方案并加强保护工作。这些州和地方领导人的联盟承诺，在没有美国联邦政府支持的情况下，与《联合国气候变化框架公约》——即2015年《巴黎协定》的基础条约和机构——合作。根据今年启动的正式程序，美国将于明年2月正式退出《联合国气候变化框架公约》。
The announcement came on the fourth day of the two-week COP31 summit meant to galvanize a worldwide shift away from fossil fuels, an embrace of more emission-free renewable alternatives and additional conservation efforts. The alliances of state and local leaders committed to working with the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, the treaty and institution undergirding the 2015 Paris accord, without support from the US federal government. Under a formal process kicked off this year, the US is set to officially exit the UNFCCC next February.
城市、州和其他领导人的新举措将涉及提升美国到本世纪中叶实现脱碳进程的数据，并确保参与一项旨在评估世界在实现气候目标方面表现如何的“全球盘点”工作。首次全球盘点于2023年结束，当时确认世界在关键温控目标上严重偏离轨道，这促使在迪拜举行的COP29上作出承诺，逐步摆脱化石燃料。关于第二次盘点的初步讨论正在土耳其进行，第二次盘点将于2028年结束。
The new effort by cities, states and other leaders will involve elevating data on US progress toward decarbonization by midcentury and ensuring engagement in a “global stocktake” exercise meant to assess how the world is doing in meeting its climate goals. A first global stocktake culminated in 2023 with a recognition the world was badly off track its key temperature target, prompting a pledge at COP29 in Dubai to transition away from fossil fuels. Initial discussions are underway in Turkey on the second stocktake set to conclude in 2028.
联合国秘书长古特雷斯周四对彭博电视表示，他欢迎美国次国家层面在气候问题上的行动。他说：“美国不等于美国政府。我们看到美国私营部门越来越多地投资可再生能源，我们看到越来越多州长和市长完全致力于此。我希望美国整体能再次成为重要一环。”根据“全美共同行动”组织和马里兰大学全球可持续发展中心的一份报告，美国州级政策、市场力量和技术成本下降到2035年可将二氧化碳排放量较2005年水平最多减少46%。
UN Secretary-General António Guterres told Bloomberg TV Thursday that he welcomed US subnational action on climate. “The US is not the US government,” he said. “We see the private sector in the US clearly more and more investing in renewables, and we see more and more governors and more and more mayors totally committed to that. And I hope that the US as a whole will become again an important part.”US state-level policy, market forces and falling technology costs can reduce carbon dioxide emissions by as much as 46% below 2005 levels by 2035, according to a report from America Is All In and the University of Maryland Center for Global Sustainability.
峰会领导人表示，他们感受到上周美国中期选举带来的逆风，该选举使民主党控制了众议院和参议院，以及大多数州长职位。
Leaders at the summit said they are feeling a headwind from the US midterm elections last week that ushered Democrats to control of the House and Senate as well as a majority of state governorships.
沃尔兹说：“我们在各州做这一切，没有得到华盛顿的任何帮助。”民主党控制国会有助于为这些努力提供保护：在特朗普领导下，联邦政府一直在“设置障碍”，他说，“现在他们要那样做将非常困难。”
“We’re doing all of this in our states with no help from Washington,” Walz said. Democratic control of Congress can help act as a shield for those efforts: Under Trump, the federal government has been “throwing barriers into place,“ he said but “it’ll be very difficult for them to do that now.”