为纪念哈马斯于10月7日对以色列发动袭击三周年，欧洲各地掀起了声援巴勒斯坦的抗议活动。不过这些抗议活动在关注度上难以与其他国内议题相抗衡。周三，在德国、英国和荷兰，声援巴勒斯坦的示威活动参与者遭到了逮捕或行动受限。而在法国和西班牙，此类抗议则被大规模的教育与住房问题抗议活动所掩盖。与2024年10月7日一周年时的情况相比，此次声援巴勒斯坦的集会参与人数有所减少——当时有数万名民众在伦敦、罗马、巴黎和柏林等城市走上街头。
Pro-Palestinian protests commemorating the third anniversary of Hamas's October 7 attacks on Israel were competing for attention with other domestic issues across Europe. Demonstrations of solidarity with Palestinians on Wednesday faced arrests or restrictions in Germany, Britain and the Netherlands. In France and Spain, they were overshadowed by mass protests over education and housing. Turnout fell from the pro-Palestinian rallies around the first anniversary of Oct. 7 in 2024, when tens of thousands marched across cities including London, Rome, Paris and Berlin.
预计本周末将出现规模更大的抗议活动。据当地媒体报道，10月10日由“巴勒斯坦团结运动”组织的游行预计将吸引约1万名民众参与。以色列侨民事务部预测，10月10日将成为今年抗议活动最密集的一天，预计10月1日至14日期间全球将发生357场声援巴勒斯坦的示威活动。周三规模最大的抗议活动之一在柏林举行，约700人聚集在该市的克罗伊茨贝格区。
Larger rallies could happen this weekend. In London, a march organized by the Palestine Solidarity Campaign on Oct. 10 is expected to draw about 10,000 people, according to local media. The Israeli Ministry for Diaspora Affairs forecasted that Oct. 10 will be the largest single day of protests this year, counting 357 pro-Palestinian demonstrations worldwide between Oct. 1-14. One of the largest protests on Wednesday was in Berlin, where 700 people gathered in the city's Kreuzberg neighborhood.
参与者中包括瑞典气候活动家格蕾塔·通贝里，她去年曾参与试图向加沙运送援助物资的船队。柏林警方称，他们共逮捕了30余人，并针对“与宣传相关的暴力犯罪行为”展开调查。抗议结束后，通贝里对独立记者詹姆斯·杰克逊表示：“民众不断涌上街头抗议种族灭绝行径，而警方却对这些抗议者施以极端暴力……这充分说明了他们究竟在保护谁。”
They included Greta Thunberg, the Swedish climate activist who joined a flotilla attempting to carry aid to Gaza last year. Berlin police said they made more than 30 arrests and initiated investigations into “propaganda-related and violent offenses.”Police presence at international pro-Palestinian protestsThunberg told independent journalist James Jackson after the protest ended, “People keep flooding the streets protesting against genocide, and the police keep using extreme brutality against those protesters… That says everything about who they are protecting.”
在伦敦，大都会警察局周三在市内多场声援巴勒斯坦的抗议活动中逮捕了11人。其中5人是在英国最大的犹太人社团——英国犹太人代表委员会外举行的抗议活动中被捕的，他们被指控犯有煽动种族仇恨罪。
In London, the Metropolitan Police arrested 11 people on Wednesday at pro-Palestinian protests across the city. Five people were arrested at a protest outside the Board of Deputies of British Jews, the largest Jewish communal organization in Britain, and accused of inciting racial hatred.
犹太人代表委员会在一份声明中称：“值此大屠杀以来最严重反犹屠杀事件周年之际，蒙面抗议者今日在我们办公室外示威，高呼‘起义’口号并骚扰我们的邻居。”据BBC报道，此前伦敦警察局曾对一场约有100人参与的学生游行实施了严格限制。警方表示，尽管有人呼吁将游行改期，但出于法律原因无法禁止此次游行；同时警方也指出：“我们深知犹太社群对此次活动举办时机的担忧。”
The Board of Deputies said in a statement, “On the anniversary of the worst massacre of Jews since the Holocaust, masked protesters demonstrated outside our office today, chanting about 'intifada' and harassing our neighbors.”The Metropolitan Police previously imposed strict restrictions on a student march that drew about 100 people, according to the BBC. Police said the march could not legally be banned despite calls to move it to a different day, adding, “We know how concerned Jewish communities are at the timing of this event.”
在爱丁堡和格拉斯哥的各大高校，还有数百人参加了支持巴勒斯坦的集会。《独立报》报道称，爱丁堡大学的抗议者要求校方停止对以色列的投资。在荷兰，约150人在阿姆斯特丹的水坝广场举行示威。据荷兰国家广播公司NOS报道，部分示威者举着写有“我们支持哈马斯”的横幅，还焚烧以色列国旗并高呼“10月7日万岁”。
Hundreds more people gathered for pro-Palestinian rallies at universities in Edinburgh and Glasgow. Protesters at the University of Edinburgh demanded the school “divest” from Israel, the Independent reported. In the Netherlands, about 150 people demonstrated in Amsterdam's Dam Square. Some carried banners that said, “We support Hamas,” and burned an Israeli flag while chanting, “Long live the 7th of October,” the Dutch broadcaster NOS reported.
由于部分参与者拒绝按指定路线行进，阿姆斯特丹市长费姆克·哈尔塞马下令解散抗议队伍。据《NL Times》报道，哈尔塞马称此次活动并未出现犯罪行为，不过她认为部分横幅与口号“令人震惊且不堪入耳”。支持巴勒斯坦的抗议活动被反对学校环境恶化的抗议所掩盖近期，法国爆发了大规模抗议活动，民众纷纷走上街头抗议学校环境日益恶化，抗议人数达数十万，由此也引发了数千人被捕。
Mayor Femke Halsema disbanded the protest after some participants refused to follow the set route. Halsema said that no criminal offenses were committed, although she called some banners and slogans “shocking and distasteful,” according to NL Times. Pro-Palestinian protests overshadowed by protests against school conditionsPro-Palestinian rallies in France were dwarfed by mass protests against deteriorating school conditions, drawing hundreds of thousands to the streets and sparking thousands of arrests over recent days.A Paris demonstration organized by the group Urgence Palestine, initially barred by police, was allowed to continue on Wednesday after the city's administrative court suspended the ban.
由“巴勒斯坦紧急行动”组织发起的巴黎示威活动起初遭警方禁止，但在市行政法院撤销禁令后于周三得以举行。据法院消息，预计约有60人参加此次集会。
About 60 people were expected to attend, according to the court.
警方指出，组织者选择10月7日这一日期举办活动，有可能冒犯犹太社群；此前在哈马斯袭击事件两周年之际举行的示威活动中，也曾出现反犹太复国主义的口号。
The police said the organizers risked offending the Jewish community by choosing the date of Oct. 7, noting the anti-Zionist slogans chanted at a previous demonstration on the second anniversary of the Hamas attacks.
行政法官在裁决中写道：“虽然选定举办活动的日期可能令人震惊，但这本身并不构成对公共秩序的破坏，也不侵犯人格尊严。”在西班牙，数万名抗议者聚焦于该国的住房可负担性危机。由于议员们未能通过紧急住房措施，民众纷纷呼吁为租房者提供帮助。周日，马德里举行了声援巴勒斯坦人的集会，时间选在10月7日周年纪念日当天，吸引了数千名抗议者参与，但人数较往年有所减少。
Administrative judges said in their decision, “The fact that the date chosen to organize this event may be shocking does not, in itself, constitute a disturbance of public order and does not in itself infringe upon human dignity.”Spainish protesters focused on affordable housing In Spain, tens of thousands of protesters were focused on the country's housing affordability crisis, demanding help for renters after lawmakers failed to pass emergency housing measures. A rally for Palestinians in Madrid took place on Sunday, rather than the Oct. 7 anniversary, drawing thousands of protesters but fewer than previous years.
去年10月7日两周年之际，马德里约有9.2万名民众上街游行，巴塞罗那也有约7万名参与者。周三，在巴塞罗那又出现了一场约100人参与的抗议活动，发起方为与被美国列为恐怖组织的“巴勒斯坦解放人民阵线”有关联的“萨米杜恩”组织。据西班牙媒体《Crónica Global》报道，这些抗议者将哈马斯的袭击行为称作“英勇之举”。
Nearly 92,000 marched in the capital and about 70,000 in Barcelona ahead of the second anniversary of Oct. 7 last year. A protest of about 100 people in Barcelona on Wednesday was called by Samidoun, a group linked to the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine, which is designated by the United States as a terrorist organization. Protesters called the Hamas attacks a “heroic operation,” according to the Spanish outlet Crónica Global.